Hōʻike potassium
Ana kēia hōʻike i ka nui o ka pāhare potassium i ka mahele wai (serum) o ke koko. Kōkua ka potassium (K +) i nā aʻalolo a me nā mākala e kamaʻilio. Mālama pū kekahi ia i ka neʻe ʻana i nā meaola i loko o nā hunaola a hoʻoneoneo i nā huahana mai nā hunaola.
ʻO ka pae potassium i ke kino ka mālama nui ʻia e ka hormone aldosterone.
Pono kahi laʻana koko. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa e huki ʻia ke koko mai kahi aa i waiho ʻia ma loko o ka kuʻe lima a i ʻole ka hope o ka lima.
Hiki i nā lāʻau he nui ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena hōʻike koko.
- E haʻi aku kāu mea mālama ola inā pono ʻoe e hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau i mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hōʻike.
- Mai kū a hoʻololi paha i kāu mau lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio ʻole mua ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻeha iki a i ʻole ke kuʻi ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka nila. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hāwele i kahi kani ma ka pūnaewele ma hope o ka huki ʻia ʻana o ke koko.
ʻO kēia hōʻike kahi ʻāpana maʻamau o ka paneli metabolite maʻamau a ākea paha.
Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kēia hōʻike e hōʻoia a nānā i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae potassium koko ka maʻi maʻi maʻi.
He mea nui ka potassium i ka hana naʻau.
- E kauoha paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kēia hoʻāʻo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā pilikia puʻuwai.
- Hiki i nā loli liʻiliʻi i nā pae potassium ke hopena i ka hana o nā aʻa a me nā mākala, ʻo ka puʻuwai.
- Hiki i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka potassium ke alakaʻi i kahi puʻuwai kūlike ʻole a i ʻole nā hana uila uila o ka puʻuwai.
- ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe ke kumu e hoʻemi ai i ka hana puʻuwai puʻuwai.
- Hiki i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia puʻuwai hoʻoweliweli ola.
Pēlā paha e hana inā manaʻo kāu mea hāʻawi i ka acidosis metabolic (e laʻa me ke kumu o ka maʻi diabolo ʻole) a i ʻole alkalosis (e laʻa me ka luaʻi nui)
I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia paha ka hoʻāʻo potasiuma i ka poʻe e hoʻouka nei i ka lōlō.
ʻO ka laulā maʻamau he 3.7 a 5.2 milliequivalents i kēlā me kēia lita (mEq / L) 3.70 a 5.20 millimoles i kēlā me kēia lita (millimol / L).
Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike.
Hōʻike nā hiʻohiʻona ma luna i nā ana maʻamau no nā hopena no kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hoʻohana kekahi mau keʻena hoʻokolohua i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole hoʻokolohua i nā hoʻohālikelike like ʻole.
ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium (hyperkalemia) ma muli o:
- Addison maʻi (pohihihi)
- Hoʻohuli koko
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e pili ana i ka angiotensin hoʻololi i ka enzyme (ACE) mea kāohi, nā angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), a me ka potassium-sparing diuretics spironolactone, amiloride a me triamterene
- ʻEha ʻaʻeha
- Ka maʻi palahēhau hyperkalemic
- Hypoaldosteronism (kākaʻikahi loa)
- Ka lawa ʻole o ka hakuʻala a i ʻole kūleʻa
- Metabolic a i ʻole acidosis hanu
- Ka luku ʻana i ke koko ʻula
- Nui loa ka potassium i kāu papaʻai
ʻO nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka potassium (hypokalemia) ma muli o:
- ʻO ka maʻi ahulau kūpilikiʻi ʻole
- ʻO Cushing maʻi (rare)
- ʻO nā diuretics e like me hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, a me indapamide
- ʻO Hyperaldosteronism
- Lōkō manawa hypokalemic
- ʻAʻole lawa ka potassium i ka papaʻai
- Stenosis
- Renal tubular acidosis (kākaʻikahi)
- ʻO ka luaʻi
Inā paʻakikī e hoʻokomo i ka nila i loko o ke aa e lawe i ka laʻana o ke koko, hōʻeha i nā ʻulaʻula koko ke kumu e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka potassium. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe wahaheʻe.
Hōʻike Hypokalemia; K +
- Hōʻaʻo koko
Mauna DB. Nā maʻi o ke kaulike potassium. I: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 10 o ka lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 18.
Patney V, Whaley-Connell A. Hypokalemia a me hyperkalemia. I: Lerma EV, Pākuʻi MA, Topf JM, eds. Nā mea huna o nephology. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 74.
ʻO Seifter JR. Nā maʻi Potassium. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 117.