Hōʻike ʻike ʻike hihi

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻokolohua acuity ʻike e ʻike i nā leka liʻiliʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu ma kahi pakuhi maʻamau (Snellen chart) a i ʻole he kāleka i paʻa he 20 kapuaʻi (6 mika) ka mamao. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pakuhi kūikawā ke hoʻāʻo ma kahi mamao aku ma mua o 20 kapuaʻi (6 mika). ʻO kekahi o nā pakuhi Snellen he mea nānā wikiō maoli e hōʻike ana i nā leka a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi.

Hana ʻia kēia hōʻike ma kahi keʻena mālama ola, kahi kula, kahi hana, a i ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe.

E noi ʻia ʻoe e hemo i kāu aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani kuhina a kū a noho paha 20 kapuaʻi (6 mika) mai ka pakuhi maka. E hāmama ʻoe i nā maka ʻelua.

E noi ʻia ʻoe e uhi i hoʻokahi maka me ka poho o kou lima, kahi ʻāpana o ka pepa, a i ʻole hoe hoe ʻoiai ʻoe e heluhelu nui ana i nā laina liʻiliʻi loa o nā leka āu e ʻike ai ma ka pakuhi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā helu, nā lālani, a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi no ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke heluhelu, ʻo nā keiki hoʻi.

Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo i ka leka, kuhi paha ʻoe. Hana ʻia kēia hōʻike ma kēlā me kēia maka, a hoʻokahi i ka manawa. Inā pono, hana hou ʻia ia ke kau ʻoe i kou mau aniani a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopili. E noi ʻia paha ʻoe e heluhelu i nā leka a i ʻole nā ​​helu mai kahi kāleka i paʻa he 14 ʻīniha (36 centimetres) mai kou alo. E hoʻāʻo kēia kāu ʻike kokoke.

ʻAʻole pono kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā no kēia hōʻike.

ʻAʻohe pilikia.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ʻike maka he wahi maʻa mau ia o ka nānā maka a i ʻole ka hoʻokolokolo kino maʻamau, keu hoʻi inā he loli i ka hihiʻo a i ʻole kahi pilikia me ka ʻike.

I nā keiki, hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo e pale no nā pilikia o ka hihiʻo. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia paha nā pilikia ʻike i nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO nā pilikia i ʻike ʻole ʻia a i ʻole mālama ʻia paha e alakaʻi i ka hōʻino mau o ka hihi.

Aia kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe e nānā i ka hihiʻo i nā keiki ʻōpio loa, a i ʻole i ka poʻe ʻike ʻole i kā lākou leka a helu paha.

Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike maka ma ke ʻano he hakina.

• ʻO ka helu luna e kuhikuhi ana i ka mamao āu e kū ai mai ka pakuhi. ʻO 20 pinepine kēia (6 mau mika).
• Kuhi ka helu o lalo i ka mamao i hiki i kahi kanaka me nā maka maka maʻamau ke heluhelu i ka laina like āu e heluhelu pono ai.

ʻO kahi laʻana, 20/20 manaʻo ʻia he maʻamau. Hōʻike ʻo 20/40 i ka lālani āu e heluhelu pono ai ma 20 kapuaʻi (6 mau mika) ka mamao e hiki ke heluhelu ʻia e kahi kanaka me ka ʻike maʻamau mai 40 kapuaʻi (12 mika) ka mamao. Ma waho o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike maka ma ke ʻano he helu kekimala. ʻO kahi laʻana, 20/20 ka 1.0, 20/40 ka 0.5, 20/80 ka 0.25, 20/100 ka 0.2, a pēlā aku.

ʻOiai inā e nalo ʻoe i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau leka ma ka lālani liʻiliʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu, manaʻo ʻia ʻoe he ʻike like me ia laina.

He hōʻailona paha nā hopena maʻamau e pono ai ʻoe i nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopili. A i ʻole he manaʻo paha he ʻano maka kou e pono ai ka loiloi hou aʻe e kahi mea hāʻawi.

ʻAʻohe pilikia me kēia hōʻike.

Hōʻike maka - acuity; Hōʻikeʻike - ʻike; Hōʻike Snellen

• Maka
• Hōʻike ʻike ʻike hihi
• ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike maka, a me ka ʻike maka

Feder RS, Olsen TW, Prum BE Jr, et al. ʻO nā loiloi loiloi maka olakino mākua piha i nā ʻōkuhi kumu hoʻohālikelike makemake ʻia. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

ʻO Rubin GS. ʻIke ʻike a me ka ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa. I: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. ʻO Ryan's Retina. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 13.