Nā hemahema neurologic kālele

ʻO ka hemahema neurologic deficit ka pilikia me ke aʻalolo, ke kuamoʻo, a me ka hana o ka lolo. Hoʻopili ia i kahi kikoʻī, e like me ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka maka, ka lima ʻākau, a i ʻole kahi wahi liʻiliʻi e like me ke alelo. ʻO nā kamaʻilio, ʻike, a me nā pilikia hoʻolohe ʻana i manaʻo ʻia he deficit neurological focal.

Hiki i ke ʻano, ka wahi, a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka pilikia ke hōʻike i kahi o ka lolo a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōnaehana i hoʻopili ʻia.

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaʻole pili ka pilikia non-focal i kekahi wahi o ka lolo. Pākuʻi ʻia paha i ka lilo o ka ʻike a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka naʻau.

Hiki i kahi pilikia neurologic kikowaena ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia mau hana.

• Hoʻololi ka neʻe ʻana, e like me ka maʻi lōlō, nāwaliwali, nalo o ka kaohi o ka mākala, hoʻonui ʻia ka leo o nā mākala, ka nalowale ʻana o ke kani o nā mākala, a me nā neʻe ʻana i hiki ʻole i kahi kanaka ke kaohi
• Hoʻololi ka manaʻo, e like me paresthesia (sensations abnormal), numbness, a i ʻole hoʻemi ʻia i ka sensation

ʻO nā laʻana ʻē aʻe o ka lilo nui o ka hana i:

• Horner Syndrome: ka haumāna liʻiliʻi ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hāʻule ka maka o ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, ka ʻole o ka hou ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka maka, a me ke komo ʻana o hoʻokahi maka i loko o kāna kumu.
• ʻAʻole nānā i kāu wahi a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana o ke kino (mālama ʻole)
• Lilo o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a i ʻole ka nalo ʻana o ka kaohi motika maikaʻi (hiki ke hana i nā neʻe paʻakikī)
• ʻO ka reflex gag maikaʻi ʻole, ka ale ʻana i ka paʻakikī, a me ka ʻūlū pinepine ʻana
• Ka pilikia a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana paha, e like me ka aphasia (kahi pilikia e hoʻomaopopo a hana ʻana paha i nā huaʻōlelo) a i ʻole disarthria (kahi pilikia e kani ai nā leo o nā huaʻōlelo), haʻi maikaʻi ʻole, ʻike maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻōlelo, paʻakikī kākau, nele i ka hiki ke heluhelu a hoʻomaopopo paha i ke kākau ʻana, hiki ʻole inoa mea (anomia)
• Hoʻololi ka hihiʻo, e like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻike ʻana, hoʻemi i ke kahua ʻike, hāʻule koke ka hihi, ʻike ʻelua (diplopia)

ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e hōʻino a hōʻino paha i kekahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo hiki ke hana i kahi deficit neurologic focal. ʻO nā laʻana me:

• Nā kīʻaha koko ʻole (vform malformation)
• Tumo lolo
• Pāpā lolo
• ʻO nā maʻi nerve Degenerative (e like me nā sclerosis he nui)
• Nā maʻi o kahi aʻa a nerve aʻaʻa paha (e laʻa me ka carpal tunnel syndrome)
• ʻO ka maʻi o ka lolo (e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole encephalitis)
• ʻEhaʻeha
• Hahau

Pili ka mālama home ʻana i ke ʻano a me ke kumu o ka pilikia.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka nalo o ka neʻe, ke ʻano, a i ʻole ka hana, e kāhea i kāu mea mālama ola.

E lawe kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino.

E hoʻopili ka hoʻokolohua kino i kahi loiloi kikoʻī o kāu ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana.

Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e pili ana i kāu mau ʻōuli ʻē aʻe a me ke kumu kūpono o ka nalo ʻana o ke aʻalolo. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo e pili ana. ʻO nā laʻana maʻamau:

• CT scan o ke kua, ʻāʻī, a poʻo paha
• ʻO Electromyogram (EMG), nā wikiwiki conduction nerve (NCV)
• MRI o ke kua, ʻāʻī, a poʻo paha
• Piula ʻōiwi

Nā hemahema Neurological - focal

• Lolo

ʻO Deluca GC, ʻo Griggs RC. Hele i ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi neurologic. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 368.

ʻO Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Newman NJ, Pomeroy SL. ʻIke o ka maʻi neurological. I: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. ʻO Bradley lāua ʻo Daroff's Neurology i ka Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2022: chap 1.