ʻĀpena ʻāpena aniani

ʻO Asphalt kahi ʻenekini ʻeleʻele wai-ʻeleʻele i paʻakikī ke hoʻomaʻalili. Hana ka lāʻau make sima i ka wā e ale ai kekahi i ka aspal. Inā kū ka asphalt wela i ka ʻili, hiki i kahi ʻeha koʻikoʻi ke kū.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō. Mai hoʻohana ia mea e mālama a mālama i kahi lāʻau make maoli. Inā loaʻa ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e launa pū ai, e kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911), a i ʻole hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kahi kikowaena lāʻau make kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help free (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

ʻO nā mea i loko o ka aspal e hiki ke hoʻopōʻino:

• Nā Hydrocarbons
• ʻO nā pākū ʻoihana
• Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻenehana
• Kāpena

Loaʻa ka aspal i:

• Nā mea hoʻohele alanui
• Kaupaku mea
• Nā pāpale tile

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka aspal no nā kumu ʻē aʻe.

Ma lalo nā ʻōuli o ka lāʻau make aspal i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino.

NĀ MAKA, NOHO, NAHI, A ME NUI

• Lilo o ka hihiʻo
• ʻEha nui i ka ʻāʻī
• ʻEha nui a puhi paha i ka ihu, maka, pepeiao, lehelehe, a alelo paha

HEPU ME KE KOKO

• Hāneʻe
• Ke koko haʻahaʻa e hoʻomohala wikiwiki (haʻalulu)

NUI NA ALOHA A ME NA ALANUI

• Ka pilikia o ka hanu (mai ka hanu ʻana i ka aspal)
• ʻŌhū ʻōhū (kahi e kumu ai ka hanu paʻakikī)

ʻIli

• Burns
• Hoʻonāukiuki
• Lā (ulcer) i loko o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​hui ma lalo o ka ʻili

KUHI A ME NA INTESTINES

• Ka poloka ma nā ʻōpū
• Koko i loko o ka pahu
• ʻO nā wela o ka paipu meaʻai (esophagus)
• ʻEha ʻeha loa
• ʻO ka luaʻi (loaʻa paha i ke koko)

E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Mai hoʻolei i ke kanaka ke ʻole ke kāohi lāʻau ʻona a i ʻole ke kahu olakino e ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe.

Inā ua ale ke kanaka i ka aspal, e hāʻawi koke iā lākou i ka wai a i ʻole ka waiū, ke ʻōlelo ʻole kahi mea lawelawe iā ʻoe. MAI hāʻawi i kekahi mea inu inā he ʻōuli ko ke kanaka e paʻakikī e ale. Hoʻopili kēia i ka luaʻi, nā lūlū, a i ʻole ka pae hōʻemi o ka makaʻala.

E hoʻomākaukau i kēia ʻike:

• Ka makahiki o ke kanaka, kaupaona, a me ke kūlana
• Ka inoa o ka huahana (nā mea hoʻohui, inā ʻike ʻia)
• Ka manawa ua ale ʻia
• Ua ale ʻia ka nui

Hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kāu kikowaena lāʻau make ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E hoʻokuʻu kēia helu hotline iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me nā loea i ka lāʻau make. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi ʻē aʻe.

He lawelawe manuahi kēia a pilikino. Hoʻohana nā kikowaena mālama lāʻau ʻona āpau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia helu aupuni. E kāhea ʻoe inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole pono ia e pilikia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea no nā kumu, 24 mau hola i ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule.

E ana a mālama ka mea hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke kanaka, e like me ka mahana, ka pālū, ka hanu hanu, a me ke kahe o ke koko. E mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli.

E loaʻa paha i ke kanaka:

• Nā ho'āʻo koko a me ka mimi.
• Kākoʻo hanu, me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen ma o ka paipu ma o ka waha i loko o nā akemāmā, a me kahi mīkini hanu (ventilator).
• ʻO Bronchoscopy - kau ʻia ka pahupaʻi i lalo i ka puʻu e nānā no ka puhi ʻana i ke ala o ka lewa a me nā akemāmā.
• Pākuʻi x-ray.
• ECG (hoʻoliʻiliʻi puʻuwai).
• Endoscopy - hoʻonoho ʻia ka pahupaʻi i lalo i ka ʻāʻī e nānā no ka wela i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū.
• Nā wai ma o ke aa (e IV).
• Nā huahana e hoʻonā i ka aspal.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i nā ʻōuli.
• ʻOki kino e hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻili i puhi ʻia (debridement).
• Holoi o ka ʻili (irrigation). Pono paha e hana i kēia i kēlā me kēia mau hola i kekahi mau lā.

Maikaʻi ka hilinaʻi ʻana o kekahi i ka nui o ka asphalt a lākou i ale ai a me ka wikiwiki o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia ke kōkua lapaʻau wikiwiki, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa no ka hoʻōla. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke ka aspphalt wela a paʻakikī e haʻalele i ka ʻili. Hiki ke maʻalahi ke wela i nā wela mai nā wela loa. Pono nā limahana hana e hana me ka aspal e komo i nā lole pale.

He paʻakikī ka aspala e ale, akā hiki ke kumu i ka hōʻino nui.

Hiki paha ke hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha, me kahi puka e hana ai i ka puʻu, esophagus, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ke kahe nui a me ka maʻi. Pono ʻia nā kaʻina hana no ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau pilikia.

Inā komo ka asphalt i ka maka, ulu paha nā ulcer i loko o ke kole, ka ʻāpana maopopo o ka maka. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka makapō.

Palapala kiʻi; Pāhaka

ʻO Theobald JL, Kostic MA. Poisoning. I: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 77.

Wang GS, Buchanan JA. Nā Hydrocarbons. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 152.