Fluoride i ka papaʻai

Kūlohelohe ka Fluoride i loko o ke kino e like me ka fluoride calcium. ʻIke ʻia ka calcium fluoride i nā iwi a me nā niho.

Kōkua ka liʻiliʻi o ka fluoride e hōʻemi i ka pala o nā niho. Hoʻohui i ka fluoride i ka wai piula (i kapa ʻia ʻo fluoridation) kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā lua i nā keiki e ʻoi aku i ka hapalua.

Loaʻa ka wai fluoridated i ka hapa nui o nā ʻōnaehana wai kaiāulu. (ʻAʻohe lawa ka wai i ka wai.)

ʻO ka meaʻai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka wai fluoridated i loko o ka fluoride. Aia ka sodium sodium fluoride i loko o ke kai, no laila loaʻa ka fluoride i ka hapa nui o nā iʻa iʻa. ʻO ka ti a me ka gelatin kekahi i loko o ka fluoride.

Hiki i nā pēpē ke loaʻa i ka fluoride ma o ka inu ʻana i nā formulate pēpē. Loaʻa i ka waiū umauma i ka nui o ka fluoride i loko.

ʻO ka hemahema (hemahema) o ka fluoride hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā ana, a nāwaliwali nā iwi a me nā niho.

He kakaikahi loa ka nui o ka fluoride i ka papaʻai. Kākaʻikahi ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pēpē i loaʻa ka nui o ka fluoride ma mua o ka haki ʻana o ko lākou mau niho i nā gums i hoʻololi i ka enamel e uhi ana i nā niho. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā laina keʻokeʻo a me nā kaha, akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke ʻike ʻia.

Paipai ka Papa Meaʻai a Meaʻai ma ka Institute of Medicine i kēia mau papaʻai papaʻai no fluoride:

Kūpono kēia mau waiwai i nā ʻai (AI), ʻaʻole i koi ʻia i nā haʻawina o kēlā me kēia lā (RDA).

Nā pēpē

• 0 i 6 mau mahina: 0.01 milligrams i kēlā me kēia lā (mg / lā)
• 7 a 12 mau mahina: 0.5 mg / lā

Nā keiki

• 1 i nā makahiki 3: 0.7 mg / lā
• 4 a 8 mau makahiki: 1.0 mg / lā
• 9 a 13 mau makahiki: 2.0 mg / lā

Nā ʻōpio a me nā mākua

• Nā kāne 14 a 18 mau makahiki: 3.0 mg / lā
• Nā kāne ma mua o 18 mau makahiki: 4.0 mg / lā
• Nā wahine ma mua o 14 mau makahiki: 3.0 mg / lā

ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa e loaʻa ai ka koi o kēlā me kēia lā o nā wikamina pono ka ʻai ʻana i ka papaʻai kaulike e loaʻa ana nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole mai ka United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate meaʻai alakaʻi papa.

Pili nā ʻōlelo kūikawā i ka makahiki a me ka wahine. E noi i kāu mea mālama ola i kahi nui e pono ai nāu.

I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā fluoride i nā pēpē a me nā keiki.

• E noi i kāu mea nāna e hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka wai e hoʻohana ai i nā pauka i hoʻopili ʻia a i ʻole pauka.
• Mai hoʻohana i kekahi mea kōkua fluoride me ke kamaʻilio ʻole ʻana me kāu mea hāʻawi.
• Hōʻalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka toothpaste fluoride i nā pēpē ma mua o 2 mau makahiki.
• E hoʻohana wale i ka nui o ka pī peʻa o ka fluoride toothpaste i nā keiki ma mua o 2 mau makahiki.
• Hōʻalo i ka holoi ʻana o ka waha fluoride i nā keiki ma mua o 6 mau makahiki.

Meaʻai - fluoride

Berg J, Gerweck C, Hujoel PP, et al; ʻAha ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻepekema ʻepekema loea ma ka Fluoride Intake Mai Infant Formula a me Fluorosis. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka fluoride mai ka hana pēpē hou a me ka fluorosis enamel. ʻO J Am Dent Assoc. 2011; 142 (1): 79-87. PMID: 21243832 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21243832.

ʻO Chin JR, Kowolik JE, Stookey GK. Nā niho caries i ke keiki a me ʻōpio. I: Dean JA, hoʻoponopono. ʻO McDonald lāua ʻo Avery's Dentistry no ke Keiki a me ke ʻōpio. 10 o ka lā. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016: chap 9.

Palmer CA, Gilbert JA; Academy o Nutrisyon a me Dietetics. ʻO ke kūlana o ka Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: ka hopena o ka fluoride i ke olakino. ʻO J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (9): 1443-1453. PMID: 22939444 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22939444.

Ramu A, Neild P. ʻAi a me ka meaʻai. I: Naish J, Syndercombe 'Aha D, hua. ʻEpekema Lapaʻau. ʻEkolu huaʻōlelo. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 16.