Polio

ʻO Polio kahi maʻi maʻi i hiki ke hoʻopili i nā aʻalolo a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka palapū a piha paha. ʻO ka inoa lapaʻau no polio he poliomyelitis.

ʻO Polio kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi me ka poliovirus. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ma:

• Pili pololei kanaka-a-kanaka
• Hoʻopili me ka mucus maʻi a i ʻole ka phlegm mai ka ihu a waha paha
• Kāhea aku me nā feces i maʻi

Komo ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma o ka waha a me ka ihu, hoʻonui i ka puʻu a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a laila lawe ʻia a hohola ʻia i loko o ke koko a me ka ʻōnaehana lymph. ʻO ka manawa mai ka maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi a hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi (incubation) mai 5 a 35 mau lā (ka awelika 7 a 14 mau lā). ʻAʻole hoʻomohala ka hapanui o nā kānaka i nā ʻōuli.

Aia nā kumu pilikia i:

• Ka nele o ka pale ʻana i ka polio
• Holo i kahi i loaʻa i ka maʻi polio

Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka hoʻouka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa honua i nā makahiki he 25 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻopau loa ʻia ka polio. Aia nō ka maʻi i kekahi mau ʻāina ma ʻApelika a me ʻAsia, me nā laha e kū nei i nā hui o ka poʻe ʻaʻole i wailana ʻia. No kahi papa inoa hou o kēia mau ʻāina, e kipa i ka pūnaewele: www.polioeradication.org.

ʻEhā mau kumu maʻamau o ka maʻi polio: maʻi ʻaʻai ʻole, maʻi maʻi abortive, nonparalytic, a me paralytic.

INAPPARENT INFECTION

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka poliovirus me nā maʻi hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia. ʻAʻohe o lākou hōʻailona. ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike inā loaʻa ka maʻi i kekahi ma o ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua koko a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e ʻike i ka maʻi ma ka pahu a me ka puʻu.

KA MAI HOPE

ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi abortive e hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli ma kahi o 1 a 2 mau pule ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana i ka maʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Fiva no 2 a 3 mau lā
• General discomfort a uneasiness (malaise)
• ʻEha poʻo
• Eha ka 'ā'ī
• ʻO ka luaʻi
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• ʻEha ʻōpū

Kūpono kēia mau ʻōuli i 5 mau lā a ola loa nā poʻe. ʻAʻohe o lākou hōʻailona o nā pilikia ʻōnaehana.

POLIO HONOPONO

ʻO ka poʻe e hoʻomohala i kēia ʻano polio he hōʻailona o ka polio abortive a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kā lākou mau ʻōuli. Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke:

• ʻO nā mākala ʻāʻī a ʻeha hoʻi ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī, ka lāʻau, nā lima, a me nā wāwae
• Nā pilikia mimi a me ka paʻa paʻa
• Hoʻololi i ka hopena muscle (reflexes) ke holo nei ka maʻi

PALALO POLIO

Ke ulu nei kēia ʻano polio i kahi pākēneka liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi polio. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻōuli me nā polio abortive a me nonparalytic. Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke:

• Ka nawaliwali o ka ʻiʻo, ka maʻi lōlō, ka nalo ʻana o nā mākala nāʻiʻo
• Hanu nawaliwali
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Drooling
• Leo kūhohonu
• ʻO nā pilikia paʻa paʻa a me nā urinary

I ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua kino, hiki i ka mea mālama ola ke loaʻa:

• Nā reflexes maʻamau
• ʻOʻoleʻa kua
• Hāpai ka paʻakikī i ke poʻo a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae i ka wā e moe pālahalaha ana ma ke kua
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa
• Hoʻopilikia i ka piʻo ʻana i ka ʻāʻī

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Nā moʻomeheu o ka holoi ʻana o ka puʻu, nā noho, a me nā wai o ka iwi
• Spinal tap and examination of the spinal fluid (CSF examination) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• Hōʻike no nā pae o nā mea pale i ka maʻi polio

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōuli ke holo nei ka maʻi i kāna papa. ʻAʻohe mālama kūikawā no kēia maʻi viral.

Pono paha ka poʻe me nā hihia koʻikoʻi i nā hana hoʻopakele, e like me ke kōkua me ka hanu ʻana.

Mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli ma ke ʻano o ko lākou koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka mālama ʻana:

• Nā lāʻau Antibiotics no nā maʻi maʻi urinary tract
• Ka wela wela (nā pale pumehana, nā kāwele mahana) e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻeha o ka mākala a me nā spasms
• ʻO nā painkillers e hoʻēmi i ka maʻi poʻo, ʻeha puʻupuʻu, a me nā spasms (ʻaʻole hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā narcotics no ka mea hoʻonui lākou i ka makaʻu o ka hanu pilikia)
• Hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino, nā pale lima a iʻole nā ​​kāmaʻa hoʻopololei, a iʻole ke keʻokiʻoki orthopedic e kōkua ai e hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika a me ka hana o ka muscle

Aia ka nānā i ke ʻano o ka maʻi a me ke kino i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hiki ke ola loa inā ʻaʻole pili ka iwi kuamoʻo a me ka lolo.

ʻO ke komo ʻana o ka lolo a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo ka pilikia olakino i hopena i ka palal a i ʻole ka make (maʻamau mai nā pilikia hanu).

ʻOi aku ka maʻi maʻamau ma mua o ka make. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i kiʻekiʻe i ka iwi kuamoo a i ʻole ka lolo e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o nā pilikia hanu.

ʻO nā pilikia olakino i hopena ʻia mai ka polio me:

• Pneumonia hāhā
• Cor pulmonale (kahi ʻano o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai i loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻōnaehana holo)
• Ka nele o ka neʻe
• Nā pilikia o ka lepa
• Myocarditis (pehu o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai)
• Parustic ileus (nalo o ka hana ʻōpū)
• Pākuʻi paʻa paʻa mau, kīnā, hemahema
• Pulemaʻi edema (abnormal buildup o ka loli i loko o ka nāhenahe)
• Pāhaʻi
• Nā maʻi maʻi urinary

ʻO ka maʻi post-polio kahi pilikia e ulu i kekahi poʻe, ma ka maʻamau he 30 a ʻoi paha mau makahiki ma hope o ka maʻi mua. ʻO ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala e nāwaliwali paha. E ulu paha ka nāwaliwali i nā mākala i pili ʻole ma mua.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• ʻO kekahi mea kokoke iā ʻoe ua hoʻomohala i ka poliomyelitis a ʻaʻole ʻoe i lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Hoʻolālā ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o ka poliomyelitis.
• ʻAʻole hiki i kēia lā ka pale ʻana o ka polio (vaccine) o kāu keiki.

Pale aku ka pale ʻana o ka polio (vaccine) i ka poliomyelitis i ka hapanui o ka poʻe (ʻoi aku ka pale ma mua o 90%).

Poliomyelitis; Maʻi palu Infantile; ʻO ka maʻi post-polio

• Poliomyelitis

ʻO Jorgensen S, ʻo Arnold WD. Nā maʻi neuron moto. I: Cifu DX, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 40.

Romero JR. Poliovirus. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 171.

ʻO Simões EAF. Polioviruses. I: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 276.