Trauma helehelena

ʻO ka maka helehelena kahi ʻeha o ka maka. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā iwi maka e like me ka iwi ā luna (maxilla).

Hiki i nā ʻeha o ke alo ke hoʻopili i ka iwi ā luna, ka iwi ā lalo, pāpālina, ihu, kumu maka, a i ʻole ka lae. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou e ka ikaika kolohe a i ʻole ka hopena o kahi ʻeha.

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau o ka hōʻeha i ka maka e:

• Hū ke kaʻa a me ka mokokaikala
• ʻEha
• Nā hōʻeha haʻuki
• Ka hana ʻino

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Hoʻololi i ka manaʻo ma luna o ka maka
• Helehelena a kaulike ʻole nā ​​maka a i ʻole nā ​​iwi maka
• Ka hanu paʻakikī ma o ka ihu ma muli o ka pehu a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko
• Hōʻike pālua
• Niho nalo
• ʻO ka pehu a ʻū paha a puni nā maka i mea e pilikia ai ka hihi

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino, i hōʻike ʻia paha:

• Kahe mai ka ihu, nā maka, a i ʻole ka waha
• Holo ka ihu
• Wāwahi i ka ʻili (lacerations)
• ʻO ka palapū a puni nā maka a ākea paha ka mamao ma waena o nā maka, ʻo ia paha ka hōʻeha i nā iwi ma waena o nā kumu o ka maka
• Hoʻololi i ka ʻike a i ʻole ka neʻe ʻana o nā maka
• Kūpono ʻole nā ​​niho luna a lalo

Hōʻike paha ka mea aʻe i nā haʻi iwi:

• Nā manaʻo maʻamau i ka papalina
• Hiki i nā helehelena o ke alo ke ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻopā ʻana
• ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka iwi ā luna ke hāmau ke poʻo

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi CT scan o ke poʻo a me nā iwi o ka maka.

Hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino inā pale ka ʻeha i ka hana maʻamau a i ʻole kumu i kahi deformity nui.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i:

• Kāohi i ke kahe ʻana
• E hana i kahi ala ākea
• E mālama i ka haki a hoʻoponopono i nā ʻāpana iwi haki
• Kāohi i nā mānoanoa, inā hiki
• Kāohi i ka hihiʻo pālua wā lōʻihi a i ʻole nā ​​maka i piholo a i ʻole nā ​​iwi papalina
• Lula i nā ʻeha ʻē aʻe

Pono e hana i ka lapaʻau i ka wā hiki ke kūpaʻa ke kanaka a ʻaʻohe ona ʻāʻī.

Hana maikaʻi ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka lāʻau kūpono. Pono paha ke kahakaha hou i 6 a 12 mau mahina e hoʻoponopono i nā loli i ka helehelena.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Kahena
• Helehelena kūlike ʻole
• Maʻi kīnā
• Nā pilikia lolo a me nā ʻōnaehana
• Pōpō a nāwaliwali paha
• Ka nalowale ʻana o ka hihiʻo a ʻike ʻālua paha

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu kūloko kūloko (e like me 911) inā he ʻeha koʻikoʻi kou i kou alo.

E komo i nā kāʻei noho i ka wā e hoʻokele nei.

E hoʻohana i nā pale poʻo pale i ka hana ʻana i ka hana a i ʻole nā ​​hana i hiki ke hōʻeha i ka maka.

ʻO Maxillofacial hōʻeha; Trauma waena; ʻEha alo; Nā hōʻeha LeFort

ʻO Kellman RM. Hōʻeha Maxillofacial. I: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 23.

ʻO Mayersak RJ. Trauma helehelena. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 35.

Neligan PC, Buck DW, Nā ʻeha o ke alo. I: Neligan PC, ʻo Buck DW, nā huahana. Nā Hanana Nui ma ke ʻoki lula. ʻElua ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 9.