ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻākō a larynx paha

ʻO ka maʻi kanake ʻāʻī ka maʻi ʻaʻai o nā kaula leo, larynx (pahu leo), a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe o ka puʻu.

ʻO ka poʻe puhipaka a hoʻohana paha i ka paka e makaʻu paha lākou i ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī. ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona nui ma kahi lōʻihi loa e hoʻonui ai hoʻi i ka makaʻu. ʻO ka puhipaka a me ka inu ʻalekohola i hui pū ʻia e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu.

ʻO ka hapanui o nā maʻi ʻāʻī puʻupuʻu e ulu i nā mākua ma mua o 50. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine e hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi papillomavirus (HPV) kanaka (ka maʻi like i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā warts genital) no ka nui o nā maʻi ʻoki waha a me nā ʻāʻī ma mua o ka wā i hala. ʻO kekahi ʻano o HPV, ʻano 16 a i ʻole HPV-16, pili pinepine ʻia me nā maʻi ʻāʻī puʻupuʻu āpau.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa ʻāʻī pū kekahi me kēia o kēia:

• Kani kani maʻamau (kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe)
• Cough
• ʻApu ʻana i ke koko
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Hoarseness ʻaʻole maikaʻi i 3 a 4 mau pule
• ʻEha ʻeha a pepeiao paha
• ʻO ka puʻu ʻeha ʻaʻole maikaʻi ma 2 a 3 mau pule, ʻoiai me nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo
• ʻO ka ʻōhū a i ʻole nā ​​lumps i ka ʻāʻī
• ʻAʻole ka paona o ke kaupaona

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Hōʻike paha kēia i kahi puʻupuʻu ma waho o ka ʻāʻī.

Nānā paha ka mea hāʻawi i kou puʻu a i ʻole ka ihu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi paipu maʻalahi me kahi pahu liʻiliʻi ma ka hopena.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• ʻO Biopsy o ka huelo i manaʻo ʻia. E hoʻāʻo ʻia kēia kolo no HPV.
• Pākuʻi x-ray.
• CT scan o ka umauma.
• CT scan o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī.
• MRI o ke poʻo a i ʻole ʻāʻī.
• Scanner PET.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻopau loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a pale iā ia mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ke liʻiliʻi ka tumo, hiki i ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka radiation therapy wale nō ke hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i ka tumo.

Ke nui aku ka tumo a ua pālahalaha paha i nā lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kahi hui ʻana o radiation a me chemotherapy e mālama i ka pahu leo ​​(nā leo leo). Inā hiki ʻole kēia, hemo ka pahu leo. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻoki laryngectomy.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka mālama āu e koi ai, nā lāʻau kākoʻo e pono ai e hoʻopili ʻia.

• ʻ .lelo haʻi ʻōlelo.
• Hoʻoponopono e kōkua me ka nau ʻana a me ka ale ʻana.
• Ke aʻo ʻana e ʻai i ka protein a me nā calorie e mālama ai i kou kaupaona. E noi i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i nā mea hoʻopiha wai hiki ke kōkua.
• Kōkua me ka waha maloʻo.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai.ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia nā maʻi ʻōpū o ke kani ke ʻike koke ʻia. Inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai (metastasized) i nā aʻa puni a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia. Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino ma waho o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻolōʻihi a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

Hiki akā ʻaʻole hōʻike piha ʻia i nā maʻi ʻalā e hōʻike maikaʻi ana no HPV e ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi o nā kuana. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe puhipaka ma lalo o 10 mau makahiki.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, pono ka lāʻau e kōkua me ka ʻōlelo a me ka ale ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka ke moni i ka wai, e pono ana kahi paipu ʻai.

ʻO ke kū hou ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma mua o 2 a 3 mau makahiki o ka ʻike.

ʻO ka ukali maʻamau ma hope o ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana he mea nui ia e hoʻonui ai i nā manawa o ke ola.

Komo paha nā pilikia o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai:

• Pāpale alanui
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Ka hōʻano ʻana o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ke alo
• ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī
• Loaʻa ka leo a me ka hiki ke ʻōlelo
• Ka hohola ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi o ke kino (metastasis)

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī, ʻoi loa ke kani a i ʻole ka loli o ka leo me ke kumu maopopo ʻole e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o 3 mau pule
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi puʻupuʻu i kou ʻāʻī ʻaʻole e hele i 3 mau pule

Mai puhi paka a hoʻohana paka paha. Palena a pale paha i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona.

Paipai ʻia nā lāʻau ākea HPV no nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio makua i nā subtypes HPV e kumu ʻia ai kekahi maʻi ʻino a me ke poʻo ʻāʻī. Ua hōʻike ʻia lākou e pale i ka nui o nā maʻi HPV waha. ʻAʻole maopopo akā hiki iā lākou ke pale i nā kanesa puʻu a larynx paha.

Maʻi ʻaʻai Vocal cord; ʻŌpū puʻuwai; Maʻi ʻaʻai Laryngeal; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka glottis; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o oropharynx a i ʻole hypopharynx; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o nā tonsils; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke kumu o ke alelo

• ʻO ka waha maloʻo i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Pākuʻi ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī - hoʻokuʻu
• Pilikia i nā pilikia

• Anatomia kuʻi
• Oropharynx

Armstrong WB, Vokes DE, Tjoa T, Verma SP. ʻO nā ʻōpū malignant o ka larynx. I: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 105.

Māla AS, Morrison WH. Larynx a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai hypopharynx. I: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, eds. ʻO Gunderson & Tepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 41.

Lorenz RR, Couch ME, Burkey BB. ʻO ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. I: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ʻO Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 20 ouk. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 33.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻomaʻo Nasopharyngeal cancer cancer (makua) (PDQ) - mana olakino mana. www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/nasopharyngeal-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 30, 2019. Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 12, 2021.

ʻO Rettig E, Gourin CG, Fakhry C. Human papillomavirus a me ka maʻi epidemiology o ka maʻi poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. I: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 74.