Maʻi ʻaʻai waha

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i ka waha.

Hoʻopili pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha i nā lehelehe a i ʻole ke alelo. Hiki paha ia ma ka:

• ʻO ka uhi papalina
• Papahele o ka waha
• Nā hāmeʻe (gingiva)
• Kaupaku o ka waha

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻōiwi waha he ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo ka squamous cell carcinoma. Hoʻolahalaha koke kēia mau ʻōpala.

Pili ka puhihaka a me nā paka ʻē aʻe i ka hapanui o nā hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha. Hoʻonui pū ka hana ʻona nui i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi papillomavirus (HPV) kanaka (ka maʻi like i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā warts genital) no ka nui o nā maʻi ʻoki waha ma mua o ka wā i hala. ʻO kekahi ʻano HPV, ʻano 16 a i ʻole HPV-16, pili pinepine ʻia me ka ʻaneʻane o nā maʻi ʻoki waha.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e komo pū me:

• ʻO ka ʻānai wā lōʻihi (mau), e like me nā niho ʻino, nā niho, a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻopihapiha
• Lawe i nā lāʻau (immunosuppressants) hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale
• ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe niho a me ka waha maikaʻi ʻole

Hoʻomaka kekahi mau maʻi ʻōpū waha ma ke ʻano he keʻokeʻo (leukoplakia) a i ʻole he ulcer waha.

Hoʻolālā nā kāne i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha i ʻelua mau manawa ma mua o ka hana a nā wahine. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā kāne ma mua o 40.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ma ke ʻano he puʻupuʻu a ulcer paha i ka waha.

• ʻO kahi māwae hohonu, paʻakikī i kaʻiʻo
• Pā, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole discolored
• Ma ke alelo, lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe o ka waha
• ʻAʻole ʻeha i ka mua, a laila kahi ʻā ʻana i ke ahi a i ʻole ka ʻeha ke holomua ka tumo

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke:

• Pilikia nā pilikia
• ʻEha ka waha e hiki ke hoʻokahe i ke koko
• ʻEha me ka ale ʻana
• Pilikia haʻi ʻōlelo
• Pahu i ka paʻakikī
• Pehu nā lymph node i ka ʻāʻī
• Pilikia elelo
• Kaumaha emi
• Ka paʻakikī e wehe ai ka waha
• Pōpō a me ka hemo ʻana o nā niho
• Hanu ʻino

E nānā kāu kauka a kauka niho paha i kou wahi waha. Hōʻike paha ka hōʻike:

• ʻO kahi ʻeha ma ka lehelehe, elelo, gum, papalina, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe o ka waha
• He ulcer a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko

E hana ʻia kahi biopsy o ka ʻeha a ulcer paha. E hoʻāʻo ʻia kēia kolo no HPV.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā CT, MRI a me PET scans e hoʻoholo inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Paipai ʻia ke ʻoki e wehe ai i ka tumo inā liʻiliʻi ka tumo.

Inā ua palahalaha aku ka tumo i nā mea ʻoi aku a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node kokoke, hana ʻia kahi ʻoki nui. ʻO ka nui o nā kiko a me nā helu o nā lymph node i lawe ʻia e pili i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ke kaha me ka radiation radiation a me ka chemotherapy no nā tumors ʻoi aku ka nui.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka mālama āu e koi ai, nā lāʻau kākoʻo e pono ai e hoʻopili ʻia.

• ʻ .lelo haʻi ʻōlelo.
• Hoʻoponopono e kōkua ai me ka nau, ʻai ʻana.
• Ke aʻo ʻana e ʻai i ka protein a me nā calorie e mālama ai i kou kaupaona. E noi i kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i nā mea hoʻopiha wai hiki ke kōkua.
• Kōkua me ka waha maloʻo.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

Ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e ola ma mua o 5 mau makahiki ma hope o kā lākou ʻike ʻia ʻana a mālama ʻia. Inā loaʻa wawe ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ma mua o ka palahalaha ʻana i nā kino ʻē aʻe, aneane 90% ka nui o ka hōʻola. Ua pālahalaha aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā maʻi ʻalā waha ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ua hoʻolaha ka hapanui i ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī.

Hiki nō ia, akā ʻaʻole hōʻoia piha ʻia, hiki i nā ʻōpala ke hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi no ka HPV i kahi nānā i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe puhipaka ma lalo o 10 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka poʻe e koi ana i nā koina nui o ka pāhawewe a me ka chemotherapy e loaʻa paha nā pilikia ʻoi loa me ka ale ʻana.

Hiki i nā ʻōkole waha ke hoʻi hou inā ʻaʻole kū ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka a me ka wai ʻona.

Komo pū kekahi nā pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha:

• Nā pilikia o ka radiation radiation, me ka waha maloʻo a me ka paʻakikī e ale
• Ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka maka, ke poʻo, a me ka ʻāʻī ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana
• Pākuʻi ʻē aʻe (metastasis) o ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ke hana ka kauka niho i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā he ʻeha kou i kou waha a i ʻole lehelehe a i ʻole he puʻupuʻu i ka ʻāʻī i hele ʻole i loko o 1 mahina. ʻO ka hōʻoia mua a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e hoʻonui loa i ka manawa e ola ai.

Pale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e:

• Ka pale ʻana i ka puhi paka a i ʻole ka hoʻohana paka ʻana
• Ua hoʻoponopono ʻia nā pilikia niho
• Ka palena a pale ʻana paha i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai ʻona
• ʻO ke kipa pinepine ʻana i ke kauka niho a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi

Paipai ʻia nā lāʻau ākea HPV no nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio makua i nā sub-type HPV e kumu ʻia nā maʻi maʻi waha. Ua hōʻike ʻia lākou e pale i ka nui o nā maʻi HPV waha. ʻAʻole maopopo akā hiki iā lākou ke pale i nā maʻi ʻōiwi waha.

Kanesa - waha; Maʻi ʻaʻai waha; Maʻi ʻaʻai Head a me ka ʻāʻī - waha; Maʻi ʻaʻai kik Squamous - waha; Neoplasm malignant - waha; Maʻi ʻaʻai Oropharyngeal - HPV; Carcinoma - waha

• ʻO ka waha maloʻo i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Pākuʻi ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī - hoʻokuʻu
• Pilikia i nā pilikia

• Anatomia kuʻi
• Anatomy waha

ʻO Fakhry C, ʻo Gourin CG. ʻO ka papillomavirus kanaka a me ka epidemiology o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī kanesa. I: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 75.

ʻO JW liʻiliʻi, Miller CS, Rhodus NL. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka mālama waha o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Little JW, Miller CS, Rhodus NL, hua pā. ʻO Little a me Falace's Dental Management o ka Medic Compromised Patient. 9th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: chap 26.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Oropharyngeal (makua) (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/oropharyngeal-treatment-pdq#link/_528. Hoʻohou i Ianuali 27, 2020. Loaʻa iā Malaki 31, 2020.

Wein RO, Weber RS. Nā neoplasma malignant o ka hakahaka waha. I: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ke poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 93.