Retinoblastoma

ʻO Retinoblastoma kahi tumo maka laha ʻole e kū maʻa mau i nā keiki. He tumo malignant (cancerous) o ka ʻāpana o ka maka i kapa ʻia ka retina.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Retinoblastoma e ka hoʻololi i kahi ʻāpana e kāohi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hunaola. A ʻo kahi hopena, ulu aʻe nā hunaola mai ka kaohi a lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā hihia, ulu kēia hoʻololi i loko o kahi keiki nona ka ʻohana i loaʻa ʻole i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, kū ka hoʻololi i kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana. Inā holo ka mutation i loko o ka ʻohana, aia kahi 50% loaʻa i nā keiki a kahi mea i pā ʻia e hoʻololi ʻia hoʻi. No laila e loaʻa i kēia mau keiki kahi makaʻu nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā retinoblastoma iā lākou iho.

Hoʻopili pinepine ke kanesa i nā keiki ma mua o 7 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ia i nā keiki 1 a 2 makahiki.

Hoʻopili ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau maka.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka maka o ka maka keokeo a keʻokeʻo paha nā kiko. ʻIke pinepine kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo i ka maka i nā kiʻi i paʻi ʻia me ke kukui uila. Ma kahi o ka "maka ʻulaʻula" maʻamau mai ke kukui uila, e keʻokeʻo a kekeke paha ka haumāna.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili pū me:

• Nā maka i kau ʻia
• Hōʻike pālua
• ʻAʻole kūlike nā maka
• ʻEhaʻeha a me ʻulaʻula
• ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole
• ʻO nā kala iris ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia maka

Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki ke ʻeha ka iwi a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe.

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino piha, me kahi hōʻike maka. E hana ʻia paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• CT scan a MRI paha o ke poʻo
• ʻIke maka me ka dilation o ka haumāna
• Ultrasound o ka maka (poʻo a me ka maka echoencephalogram)

Pili nā koho lapaʻau i ka nui a me kahi o ka tumo.

• Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā tumors liʻiliʻi e ka ʻoki ʻana o ka laser a i ʻole ka cryotherapy (ke anuanu).
• Hoʻohana ʻia ka pāhawewe no ka tumo ʻelua i loko o ka maka a no nā tumors ʻoi aku ka nui.
• Pono paha ʻo Chemotherapy inā hoʻolaha ka tumo ma ʻō aku o ka maka.
• Pono paha e hemo ka maka (kahi hana i kapa ʻia ka enucleation) inā ʻaʻole pane ka tumo i nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻo ia paha ka lapaʻau mua loa.

Inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ka maka, ʻaneʻane hiki i nā kānaka āpau ke hoʻōla ʻia. Eia naʻe, he koi paha e koi i ka lāʻau hoʻomāinoino a me ka hemo ʻana o ka maka i mea e kūleʻa ai.

Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ka maka, ʻo ka likelike o kahi lāʻau i lalo a pili ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka tumo.

Hiki i ka makapō ke hana i ka maka maka. Hiki i ka tumo ke pālahalaha i ke kumu o ka maka ma o ke aʻalolo optic. Pāhola paha i ka lolo, ka māmā, a me nā iwi.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli o retinoblastoma, keu hoʻi inā ʻike ʻole nā ​​maka o kāu keiki a ʻike ʻole ʻia paha i nā kiʻi paʻi ʻole.

Hiki i ke ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo genetic ke kōkua i ka ʻohana e hoʻomaopopo i ka makaʻu no retinoblastoma. He mea nui ia i ka manawa i loaʻa i ka lālā o ka ʻohana ka maʻi, a i ʻole inā kū ka retinoblastoma i nā maka ʻelua.

Tumor - retina; Kanesa - retina; Kanesa maka - retinoblastoma

• Maka

Cheng KP. Ophthalmology. I: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. ʻO Zitelli lāua ʻo Davis 'Atlas o ka Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 20.

Kim JW, Mansfield NC, Murphree AL. Retinoblastoma. I: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Weidemann P, eds. ʻO Ryan's Retina. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 132.

ʻO Tarek N, Herzog CE. Retinoblastoma. I: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 529.