He aha kāu e pono ai e ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hanu

Anter

• ʻO Anatomy o ka ʻōnaehana hanu
• Pehea e hanu ai
• Nā maʻi e hoʻopili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hanu
• I ka manawa e hele ai i ke kauka
• Kauka nāna e mālama i nā maʻi hanu

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hanu ʻana e lawe i ka oxygen i nā hunaola āpau i loko o ke kino a hemo i ka carbon dioxide ʻo ia ka hopena o ka oxygen i hoʻohana ʻia e nā hunaola.

No kēia e hanana ai ka hoʻoulu, ʻo ia ka manawa e komo ai ka ea i loko o nā akemāmā, a me ka hanu ʻana, ʻo ia ka wā e haʻalele ai ka ea i nā akemāmā, a ʻoiai ke hana nei kēia hana i nā manawa āpau, nui nā kikoʻī e pili ana.

ʻO Anatomy o ka ʻōnaehana hanu

Wahi a ka anatomy, ʻo nā ʻāpana ke kuleana no ka hanu ʻana i ke kanaka:

• Nā poho ihu: ʻO ka kuleana no ka kānana ʻana i nā huna ʻea, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana i hiki ai ka ea i nā akemāmā, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilau a me ke alo o nā virus a i ʻole bacteria. Ke ʻike nei i ke alo o kēia mau microorganism, pani ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i nā ihu ihu, e hana ana i ka 'ihu ihu'.
• Pharynx, larynx a me trachea: Ma hope o ka hele ʻana i loko o nā ana ihu, lawe ʻia ka ea i ka larynx, kahi o nā kaula leo, a laila i ke trachea, e māhele ʻia i 2, a hiki i ka māmā: ʻākau a hema. ʻO ka trachea kahi paipu i loaʻa i nā apo cartilaginous ma loko o kāna hanana, i hana i kahi ala pale, pale iā ia mai ka pani ʻana ke huli ke kanaka i ka ʻāʻī ma kona ʻaoʻao, no ka laʻana.
• ʻO Bronchi: Ma hope o ka trachea, piʻi ka ea i ka bronchi, ʻo ia nā ʻano ʻelua, e like me ka lāʻau i huli ʻia i lalo, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai he lāʻau bronchial. Hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia ka bronchi i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia nā bronchioles, piha i ka cilia a hana i ka mucus (phlegm) e lawelawe ana e hoʻopau i nā microorganism.
• Alveoli: ʻO ke ʻano hope loa o ka ʻōnaehana hanu ka alveoli, i pili pono i nā kīʻaha koko. Ma aneʻi e hele ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, kahi e hiki ai i nā hunaola āpau i ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana no ka hoʻololi kinoea, no ka mea ma waho o ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, he mea ia e hemo ai ka carbon dioxide i loko o ke koko. Aia ke koko waiwai ʻokikene i loko o nā aʻa, ʻoiai ke koko 'lepo', piha i ke kalaponaʻokikene, aia i loko o nā uaua. Ke hāpai nei ʻoe i waho, hoʻopau ʻia ka carbon dioxide āpau mai ke kino.

E kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hanu aia pū kekahi nā mākala hanu (intercostal) a me ka diaphragm.

Pehea e hanu ai

Hana ʻia ka hanu ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, mai ka wā i hānau ʻia ai ka pēpē, me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻole ʻole, no ka mea, kaohi ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana autonomic. No ka hanu ʻana, hanu ke kanaka i ka lewa lewa, e hele ma waena o ka nasal fossae, ma o ka pharynx, larynx, trachea, a hiki i nā akemāmā, hele mau ka ea ma o ka bronchi, bronchioles, a hiki i ka alveoli. kahi e hala pololei ai ka oxygen no ke koko. Eia ka mea e hana ana:

• Ma ka hoʻouluulu: ke kuʻi nei nā mākala intercostal ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao a iho ka diaphragm, e hoʻonui ana i kahi no nā māmā e hoʻopiha ai me ka ea, a e hoʻemi ana ke kaomi o loko.
• I ka pau ʻana: hoʻomaha nā mākala intercostal a me ka diaphragm a piʻi ka diaphragm, ke emi nei ka nui o ka iwi iwi ʻaoʻao, piʻi ka piʻi o loko, a puka ka ea i nā akemāmā.

Hana ka pōkole o ka hanu ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hanu, kahi e pale ai i ke komo ʻana a i ʻole ka puka o ka ea, a no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ka hoʻololi kinoea, a hoʻomaka ke koko i ka nui o ke kalaponaʻokikene, ma mua o ka oxygen.

Nā maʻi e hoʻopili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hanu

ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hanu, ʻo ia:

Flu a anuanu paha: hana ke komo nā virus i ka ʻōnaehana hanu. I ke anuanu, aia wale ka maʻi ma nā ihu ihu a hiki i ka pharynx, e hoʻoulu ana i ka ihu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole. I ka hihia o ka maʻi palū, hiki i ka maʻi ke hōʻea i nā akemāmā me ke kuni a me ka nui o ka phlegm i ka umauma. ʻIke he aha lākou a pehea e mālama ai i nā hōʻailona flu

Asthma: hana ia i nā manawa ke emi ka kanaka i ka bronchi a i ʻole nā ​​bronchioles, me kahi hua liʻiliʻi o ka mucus. hele a paʻakikī ka lewa ma o kēia mau kūkulu a hoʻopuka ke kanaka i kahi kani kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me kēlā me kēia inhalation.

Bronchitis: ke kumu o ka hōʻemi a me ka mumū o nā bronchi a me nā bronchioles. ʻO ka hopena o kēia mumū ka hana ʻana o ka mucus, hiki ke kipaku ʻia i ke ʻano o ka phlegm, akā hiki ke ale ʻia ke hiki i ka pharynx, kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻōpū. E nānā i nā ʻōuli a me ka mālama ʻana i ka bronchitis asthmatic

ʻAhaʻi: hana ia inā hana hou ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kanaka a hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mau mea i loko o ka lewa e hoʻopōʻino loa i ke olakino, e hana ana i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona ke hōʻike ʻia ke kanaka i ka lepo, nā mea ʻala a i ʻole ka pollen, no ka laʻana.

Poniaonia: kumu ʻia ia e ke komo ʻana o nā virus a i ʻole bacteria paha, akā hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā mea haole, nā mea i koe a i ʻole ka luaʻi i loko o nā māmā, e hana ana i ke kuni a me ka paʻakikī e hanu. Hiki i ka maʻi flu ke lilo i mea ʻino a hiki i ka maʻi ʻōmonia, akā ʻaʻohe o ke anuanu e hiki. E hōʻoia i nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli o ka pulumonia

Puʻu: hana ia ke komo ka bacillus i loko o nā akemāmā ma o nā alaloa, e hoʻoulu ana i ke kuni, ka puʻu ʻana me ka nui o ka phlegm, a i kekahi manawa ke koko. He maʻi lele loa kēia maʻi a hele aʻe ma waena o ka lewa ma o ka pili ʻana i nā huna a ka mea maʻi. He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana no ka mea hiki i ka bacillus ke hōʻea i ke koko a pāhola i loko o ke kino, e hoʻoulu ana i ka tuberculosis ma waho o nā akemāmā.

I ka manawa e hele ai i ke kauka

Ke loaʻa nā ʻōuli e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka hū ʻana i ka hanu ʻana, ke kuni, ka puʻu ʻana me ka phlegm me ka ʻole o ke koko, he mea nui ia e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i hiki i kēia loea ke loiloi i ke kanaka a ʻike i ka maʻi i loaʻa iā lākou, a ʻo ka lapaʻau hea ka ʻoi loa i hōʻike ʻia, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana i nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, a i kekahi manawa ka haukapila.

Kauka nāna e mālama i nā maʻi hanu

I ke ʻano o nā ʻōuli maʻamau e like me ka maʻi palū a i ʻole ke anuanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi manawa me kahi loea maʻamau, keu hoʻi inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i hele i kekahi manawa no nā hoʻopiʻi hanu. Hiki i kēia kauka ke hoʻolohe i kāu mau māmā, nānā i ke kuni, a nānā i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o nā maʻi hanu. Akā i nā maʻi maʻi mau, e like me ka hānō a i ʻole ka bronchitis, hōʻike ʻia paha ia e ʻimi i ke kōkua mai ke kauka i loea i ka pneumology, no ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻoi aku ʻo ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me kēia ʻano maʻi, me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoi aku e alakaʻi i ka mālama ʻana a me ka ukali -pā ma ke ola o ke kanaka.