Retinitis pigmentosa

ʻO Retinitis pigmentosa kahi maʻi o ka maka kahi e hōʻino ai ka retina. ʻO ka retina ka papa o nā mea i ka hope o ka maka o loko. Hoʻohuli kēia papa i nā kiʻi māmā i nā hōʻailona nerve a hoʻouna iā lākou i ka lolo.

Hiki i ka Retinitis pigmentosa ke holo i loko o nā ʻohana. Hiki ke kumu ʻia ka maʻi e kekahi mau maʻi kīnā.

ʻO nā keena e kaohi ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pō (koʻokoʻo) e loli loa paha. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, hoʻopōʻino nui ʻia nā keena retina cone. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi ka loaʻa o nā waihona pouli i ka retina.

ʻO ke kumu pilikia nui kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o retinitis pigmentosa. He ʻano laha ʻole kēia e loli ana ma kahi o 1 ma 4,000 poʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Kū pinepine nā ʻōuli i ka wā kamaliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ulu pinepine nā pilikia o ka ʻike ma mua o ke ʻano makua.

• Hoemi i ka hihiʻo i ka pō a i ʻole ke kukui haʻahaʻa. Pākuʻi paha nā ʻōuli i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa paʻakikī e neʻe a puni i ka pouli.
• Ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao (peripheral) hihiʻo, ke kumu o ka "vision tunnel."
• Ka nalowale o ka hihiʻo waena (i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe). E hoʻopili kēia i ka hiki ke heluhelu.

Nā ho'āʻo e loiloi i ka retina:

• ʻIke kala
• Hōʻike o ka retina e ophthalmoscopy ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā haumāna
• Fluorescein angiography
• Puʻe intraocular
• Ka ana o ka hana uila i ka retina (electroretinogram)
• Pane reflex haumāna
• Hōʻike hoʻāʻo
• Kiʻi hou
• Hōʻoia ʻike hihi (hōʻike kahua ʻike maka)
• Nānā kukui ʻalā
• ʻIke ʻike

ʻAʻohe mālama kūpono no kēia ʻano. Ke pale nei i nā aniani aniani e pale ai i ka retina mai nā kukui ultraviolet i hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka hihiʻo.

Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i ka mālama ʻana me nā antioxidant (e like me nā kiʻina kiʻekiʻe o ka wikamina A palmitate) e hoʻolohi i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka lawe ʻana i nā kaha kiʻekiʻe o ka wikamina A ke kumu i nā pilikia o ke ake. Pono e kaupaona ʻia ka pōmaikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia o ke ake.

Ke holomua nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e loiloi i nā lāʻau hou no ka retinitis pigmentosa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana o DHA, kahi omega-3 fatty acid.

ʻO nā ʻano lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me nā implant microchip i loko o ka retina e hana e like me ka pahupaʻi wikiō microscopic, aia i nā wā mua o ka hoʻomohala. He mea pono paha kēia mau mālama ʻana no ka mālama ʻana i ka makapō e pili ana me RP a me nā ʻano maka koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i kahi loea hihi ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻa i ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi. E hana i nā kipa maʻamau i kahi loea mālama maka, ka mea hiki ke ʻike i nā cataract a i ʻole ka huʻi retina. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau pilikia ʻelua.

E hoʻomau mālie ka maʻi ʻana. Kaha ʻole ka makapō piha.

E hala ka peripheral a me ke kikowaena o ka ʻike i ka manawa.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ka poʻe me ka retinitis pigmentosa i ka cataract i ka wā ʻōpio. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomāhuahua i ka retina (macular edema). Hiki ke wehe ʻia nā cataract inā kōkua lākou i ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike.

Kāhea aku i kāu kauka lawelawe inā loaʻa ʻoe i nā pilikia me ka ʻike ʻana i ka pō a i ʻole hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o kēia maʻi.

Kōkua a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā genetic i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā pilikia paha kāu mau keiki i kēia maʻi.

RP; Lilo ka hihiʻo - RP; Nalo ka ʻike maka pō - RP; ʻO Rod Cone dystrophy; Nalo ka ʻike maka peripheral - RP; Makapō po

• Maka
• Hōʻike kukui kukui

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 395.

Cukras CA, Zein WM, Caruso RC, Sieving PA. Holomua a me 'kū' hoʻoilina retinal degenerations. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 6.14.

ʻO Gregory-Evans K, Weleber RG, Pennesi ME. Retinitis pigmentosa a me nā maʻi kōkua. I: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. ʻO Ryan's Retina. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 42.

Olitisky SE, Marsh JD. Nā maʻi o ka retina a me ka vitreous. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 648.