Katarakō makua

ʻO ka cataract kahi ʻōpua o nā aniani o ka maka.

Maʻamau ke aniani o ka maka. Hana ia e like me ke aniani ma ke kāmela, e hoʻomālama i ka mālamalama ke hala i ka hope o ka maka.

A hiki i ke kanaka ma kahi o 45 mau makahiki, hiki ke loli ke kinona o nā aniani. ʻAe kēia i ke aniani e nānā i kahi mea, inā kokoke a mamao paha.

I ke ʻano o ke kanaka, hoʻomaka ka wāwahi i nā protein i nā aniani. ʻO ka hopena, lilo ke aniani i ao. ʻO ka mea a ka maka e ʻike ai he blurry paha. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano he cataract.

ʻO nā kumu e wikiwiki ai ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka cataract:

• Diabetes
• Huʻi maka
• Poino ka maka
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka cataract
• Hoʻohana lōʻihi o Corticosteroids (lawe ʻia e ka waha) a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau ʻē aʻe
• Hōʻike uila
• Puhipaka
• ʻOki kino no kekahi pilikia maka
• ʻIke nui i ka kukui ultraviolet (lā o ka lā)

Hoʻolālā mālie nā cataract a me ka ʻeha ʻole. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka maka i hoʻopilikia ʻia e hele mālie.

• Kū pinepine ke ao aniani ma hope o ka makahiki 60. Akā ʻaʻole paha ia e pilikia i ka ʻike.
• I ka makahiki 75, loaʻa ka hapanui o ka poʻe i kā lākou hihi.

Pili pū paha nā pilikia me ka ʻike ʻana i:

• Ke makaʻala i ka nānā ʻana
• ʻIke ao, huluhulu, huluhulu, a kiʻi ʻoniʻoni paha
• ʻIke paʻakikī i ka pō a i ʻole i ke aniani uila
• Hōʻike pālua
• Loaʻa o ka ikaika kala
• Nā pilikia e ʻike nei i nā kinona e kūʻē i ke kāʻei a i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā aka o nā kala
• Ke ʻike nei i ka ʻāpana a puni nā kukui
• Hoʻololi pinepine i nā ʻōkuhi eyeglass

ʻO nā cataract ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka hihiʻo, ʻoiai i ke ao. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka cataract he mau loli like i nā maka ʻelua, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maka o kekahi maka ma mua o kekahi. ʻO ka pinepine aia wale nō nā loli ʻike maka.

Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua maka maka a me nā nīnānā kukui e ʻike pono i nā cataract. ʻAʻole makemake iki ʻia nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe, koe wale nō ka pale ʻana i nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻole.

No ka cataract mua, hiki i ke kauka maka (ophthalmologist) ke ʻōlelo i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻololi i nā ʻōkuhi maka maka
• ʻO nā kukui i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi
• Nā aniani kilohi
• Maka aniani

Ke hele a māhuahua ka ʻike, pono paha ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻololi a puni ka home e pale i ka hāʻule a me nā ʻeha.

ʻO ka lāʻau wale no ka cataract ka ʻoki kino e hemo ai. Inā ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka cataract iā ʻoe e ʻike, ʻaʻole pono ka ʻoki ʻana ma ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻAʻole hana ʻino nā cataract i ka maka, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki kino ke hoʻoholo ʻoe a me kāu kauka maka he kūpono ia nāu. Paipai pinepine ʻia ke keʻoki ʻana ke hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana maʻamau e like me ka hoʻokele, ka heluhelu ʻana, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā pale kamepiula a i ʻole nā ​​wikiō, ʻoiai me nā aniani.

Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā pilikia maka ʻē aʻe, e like me ka diabetic retinopathy, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi ʻoki cataract.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hihiʻo i 20/20 ma hope o ke kaha ʻana o ka cataract inā loaʻa nā maʻi maka ʻē aʻe, e like me macular degeneration. Hiki i ke kauka maka ke hoʻoholo pinepine i kēia ma mua.

ʻO ke kuhi mua a me ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa kūpono ke kī i ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia ʻike mau.

ʻOiai he kakaikahi, kahi cataract e hele nei i kahi pae holomua (i kapa ʻia ʻo kahi hypermature cataract) hiki ke hoʻomaka e kahe i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka maka. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i kahi ʻano ʻeha o ka glaucoma a me ka mumū ma loko o ka maka.

Kāhea i kahi manawa hoʻopaʻa me kāu ʻoihana mālama maka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻImi i ka ʻike maka pō
• Nā pilikia me ka alohi
• Lilo hihio

ʻO ke kāohi maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻi no ka cataract. Hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea e hāpai i ka hoʻokumu cataract. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā puhi ʻoe, ʻo kēia ka manawa e haʻalele ai. Eia kekahi, ke hele i waho, komo i nā aniani aniani e pale ai i kou mau maka mai nā kukuna UV ʻino.

Opacity aniani; Cataract pili i ka makahiki; Lilo ka hihiʻo - cataract

• Cataract - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka

• Maka
• Hōʻike kukui kukui
• Cataract - pili loa o ka maka
• ʻOki kino cataract - series

Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Ophthalmology. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hana i makemake ʻia ʻo Cataract a me ka Panment Segment Anterior, Hoskins Center no ka mālama maka maka. Cataract i ka maka makua PPP - 2016. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻOkakopa 2016. Loaʻa iā Kepakemapa 4, 2019.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Eye Institute. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i nā cataract. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_fact. Hoʻohou ʻia Kepakemapa 2015. Loaʻa iā Kepakemapa 4, 2019.

ʻO Wevill M. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, kumu, morphology, a me nā hopena ʻike o ka cataract. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 5.3.