Syphilis

ʻO Syphilis kahi maʻi bacteria i pāhola pinepine ʻia ma o ka pili moekolohe.

ʻO Syphilis kahi maʻi lele i lawe ʻia i ka moekolohe (STI) ma muli o ka maʻi bacteria Treponema pallidum. Hoʻokumu kēia bacteria i ka maʻi i ka wā e hele ai i loko o ka ʻoki nahā a i ʻole nā ​​membrane mucus, ʻo ka maʻamau o nā genital. Lawe pinepine ʻia ʻo Syphilis ma o ka pilina kolohe, ʻoiai hiki ke lawe ʻia i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Kūpono ʻo Syphilis ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā kaona. Ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ka helu o nā hihia i nā kāne i moe kolohe me nā kāne (MSM). ʻO nā ʻōpio makua mai 20 a 35 mau makahiki ka heluna makaʻu nui loa. Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole o ka poʻe ua maʻi ʻia me ka syphilis, koi nā mokuʻāina he nui i nā hoʻokolohua no ka syphilis ma mua o ka male ʻana. Pono e nānā ʻia nā wahine hāpai āpau i loaʻa i ka mālama prenatal no ka syphilis e pale ai i ka maʻi mai ka hele ʻana i kā lākou keiki hānau hou (congenital syphilis).

ʻEkolu hanana o Syphilis:

• Syphilis mua
• Syphilis lua
• Tertiary syphilis (ka hopena o ka maʻi)

ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia nā syphilis kiʻekiʻe, syphilis tertiary, a me syphilis congenital i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma muli o ke aʻo ʻana, ke kānana ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO ka manawa incubation no ka syphilis mua he 14 a 21 mau lā. Nā ʻōuli o ka syphilis mua:

• Liʻiliʻi, ʻehaʻeha hamama ʻeha a ulcer (i kapa ʻia he chancre) ma nā ʻāpā, ka waha, ka ʻili, a i ʻole ke kiko e hoʻōla iā ia iho i 3 a 6 mau pule
• Hoʻonui ʻia nā lymph node ma kahi o ka ʻeha

Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria i ke kino, akā aia kekahi mau ʻōuli a hiki i ka pae ʻelua.

Hoʻomaka nā ʻōuli o ka syphilis lua ma hope o 4 a 8 mau pule ma hope o ka syphilis mua. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• ʻO ka wīwī o ka ʻili, maʻamau ma nā poho o nā lima a me nā kapuwaʻi o nā wāwae
• Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻeha he mau mucous patches ma a i ʻole a puni ka waha, ʻāpala, a i ʻole ka peni
• Nā pulu uʻi, warty (i kapa ʻia ʻo condylomata lata) i loko o nā genital a i ʻole nā ​​ʻili
• Fiva
• Manaʻo maʻi laulā
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• ʻEha ʻeha a me ka ʻeha pū
• Nā pehu lymph pehu
• Hoʻololi ka hihiʻo
• Lilo ka lauoho

Hoʻokumu ka syphilis tersiia i ka poʻe i hana ʻole ʻia. Pili nā ʻōuli i nā ʻōpona i hoʻopili ʻia. Hoʻololi ākea lākou a hiki i ka paʻakikī ke kuhikuhi. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• Poino i ka puʻuwai, e hana ana i nā aneurysms a i ʻole maʻi maʻi
• Nā pilikia ʻōnaehana waena (neurosyphilis)
• Nā tumors o ka ʻili, nā iwi, a me ke akepaʻa

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau e pili ana i nā ʻōuli. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Ninaninau o ka loli mai eha (hana iki)
• ʻO Echocardiogram, angiogram aortic, a me ka catheterization puʻuwai e nānā i nā kīʻaha koko nui a me ka puʻuwai
• Pākuʻi ʻōiwi a me ka nānā ʻana i ka wai o ka iwi kuamoʻo
• Nā hoʻokolohua koko e kānana no nā bacteria syphilis (RPR, VDRL, a i ʻole TRUST)

Inā maikaʻi nā hoʻokolohua RPR, VDRL, a TRUST paha, e pono ana kekahi o nā hōʻike aʻe e hōʻoia i ka ʻike.

• FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody test)
• MHA-TP
• TP-EIA
• TP-PA

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻo Syphilis me nā antibiotic, e like me:

• ʻO Penicillin G benzathine
• Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Doxycycline (ʻano tetracycline i ka poʻe maʻi i ka penicillin)

Pili ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ka syphilis, a me nā mea e like me ke olakino olakino o ke kanaka.

E mālama i ka syphilis i ka wā hāpai, ʻo ka penicillin ka lāʻau i koho ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Tetracycline no ka mālama ʻana no ka mea weliweli ia i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki i ka Erythromycin ke pale aku i ka syphilis congenital i ka pēpē. ʻO ka poʻe i maʻi āpau i ka penicillin pono e hoʻowahāwahā ʻia iā ia, a laila mālama ʻia me ka penicillin.

He mau hola ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau no ka pae mua o ka syphilis, ʻike paha ka poʻe i ka hopena o Jarisch-Herxheimer. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hana e ka hopena pale i nā huahana wāwahi o ka maʻi a ʻaʻole ka hopena maʻi ʻaʻa i ka antibiotic.

ʻO nā ʻōuli a me nā hōʻailona o kēia hopena me:

• ʻO Chills
• Fiva
• ʻO ka manaʻo maʻi maʻamau (malaise)
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻEha ʻeha a me ka ʻeha pū
• Nusea
• Rash

Nalo mau kēia mau ʻōuli ma loko o 24 mau hola.

Pono e hana i nā hoʻokolohua koko ukali ma 3, 6, 12, a me 24 mau mahina e hōʻoia i ka hala ʻana o ka maʻi. Hōʻalo i ka pili kolohe ke loaʻa ka chancre. E hoʻohana i nā condom a hiki i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hōʻike ukali ʻelua i ka hoʻōla ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi, e hoʻemi i ka manawa o ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi.

Pono e mālama ʻia nā hoa aloha a pau o ke kanaka me syphilis. Hiki ke pālahalaha maʻalahi ʻo Syphilis i ka pae mua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia ka syphilis mua a me ka lua inā ʻike mua ʻia a mālama loa ʻia.

ʻOiai hele maʻa mau ka syphilis lua i loko o nā pule, i kekahi mau manawa e mau paha ia a 1 makahiki. Me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana, a i ka hapakolu o ka poʻe e lohi ana i ka hopena o ka syphilis.

Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻole mau ʻia ka syphilis Late, a hiki i ka make.

Komo pū kekahi nā pilikia o ka syphilis:

• Nā pilikia Cardiovascular (aortitis a me nā aneurysms)
• Nā maʻi hōʻino o ka ʻili a me nā iwi (gummas)
• Neurosyphilis
• Syphilitic myelopathy - kahi pilikia e pili ana i ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala a me nā ʻano maʻamau
• Meningitis Syphilitic

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka syphilis lua i mālama ʻole ʻia i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana e hoʻolaha paha i ka maʻi i ka pēpē e ulu ana. Kapa ʻia kēia he syphilis.

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu kauka olakino inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka syphilis.

E kāhea pū i kāu mea hāʻawi, a i ʻole e nānā ʻia i kahi keʻena maʻi STI inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Ua launa pū me kahi kanaka i loaʻa ka syphilis a i ʻole kekahi STI ʻē aʻe
• Hoʻopili i nā hana moekolohe kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoa a mau a ʻike ʻole paha a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau intravenous

Inā hana kolohe ʻoe, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wahine palekana a hoʻohana mau i ka pale pale.

Pono e nānā i nā wahine hāpai āpau no ka syphilis.

Syphilis mua; Syphilis lua; Syphilis lohi; Syphilis tersiia; Treponema - syphilis; Lues; Maʻi maʻi hoʻoili - syphilis; Ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia - syphilis; STD - syphilis; STI - syphilis

• Syphilis mua
• ʻŌnaehana hānau kāne a wahine
• Syphilis - kekona ma nā pāma
• Syphilis pae hope

ʻO Ghanem KG, Hoʻolaha EW. Syphilis. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 303.

Radolf JD, Tramont EC, Salazar JC. Syphilis (Treponema pallidum). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 237.

Stary G, Stary A. Nā maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka moekolohe. I: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 82.