Anaphylaxis

ʻO Anaphylaxis kahi ʻano hoʻoweliweli o ke ola āpau.

Anaphylaxis mea he koʻikoʻi, kino holoʻokoʻa hopena i kahi kemika i lilo i mea maʻi. ʻO kahi alena kahi waiwai e hiki ai ke hopena i kahi hopena maʻi.

Ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻia i kahi mea e like me ka namu pi ʻona, lilo ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kanaka iā ia. Ke hōʻike hou ʻia ke kanaka i kēlā maʻi ʻino, hoʻomaka paha kahi hopena maʻi. Hana koke ʻo Anaphylaxis ma hope o ka hōʻike. Kūpilikiʻi ke ʻano a pili i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

Hoʻokuʻu nā kele i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino i ka histamine a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Kuhi kēia i nā alaloa e hoʻopaʻa a alakaʻi i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau (morphine, x-ray dye, aspirin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) hiki ke kumu i kahi hopena anaphylactic-like (anaphylactoid react) ke hōʻike mua ʻia ka poʻe iā lākou. ʻAʻole like kēia mau hopena me ka pane o ka ʻōnaehana pale i kū me nā anaphylaxis maoli. Akā, ʻo nā ʻōuli, ka makaʻu o nā pilikia, a me ka mālama ʻana he like ia no nā ʻano hopena ʻelua.

Hiki ke hana i ka anaphylaxis i ka pane ʻana i nā maʻi āpau. ʻO nā kumu maʻamau ka:

• Nā lāʻau āpau lāʻau
• Nā mea āpau o ka meaʻai
• Nā nahu insect / nahu

ʻO ka pollen a me nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻē aʻe i hana pinepine ʻole i ka anaphylaxis. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ka hopena anaphylactic me ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia.

Anaphylaxis mea hoʻoweliweli ola a hiki ke hana i kēlā me kēia manawa. Aia nā pōpilikia i ka mōʻaukala o nā ʻano maʻi āpau.

Hoʻolālā koke nā ʻōuli, pinepine i loko o kekona a i ʻole mau minuke. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Abdominal eha
• Ke hopohopo nei
• Hōʻoluʻolu o ka umauma a i ʻole ke kūiki
• Pohā
• Hanu paʻakikī: uha, hoʻokū, a kani kani kiʻekiʻe paha
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• ʻO ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka uila
• Hives, ʻili, ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili
• ʻAsalhaʻi ihu
• Nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi
• Palpitations
• ʻLelo lohi
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, maka, a alelo paha
• Manaʻo ʻole

E nānā ka mea mālama ola i ke kanaka a nīnau e pili ana i ke kumu o kēia maʻi.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo no ka mea hoʻōla i hana i ka anaphylaxis (inā ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu) ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO Anaphylaxis kahi kūlana pilikia e pono ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke. Kāhea koke iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko.

E hōʻoia i ke ala ea o ke kanaka, ka hanu ʻana, a me ka holo ʻana, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ke Kākoʻo Nui o ke Ola. ʻO kahi hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka puʻu hoʻoweliweli weliweli kahi leo haehae a hāwanawana paha, a kani kani paha ke kani ke hanu ka mea i ka ea. Inā pono, e hoʻomaka i ka hanu hoʻopakele a me CPR.

1. Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko.
2. E hōʻoluʻolu a hoʻokūpaʻa i ke kanaka.
3. Inā mai ka nī pi ka hopena o ka maʻi, ʻānai i ka ʻili mai ka ʻili me kahi mea paʻa (e like me ka manamana lima a i ʻole kāleka kāleka plastic). Mai hoʻohana i nā tweezers. ʻO ka paʻi ʻana i ka mea hoʻopaʻa e hoʻokuʻu hou i ka lāʻau make.
4. Inā loaʻa i ke kanaka ka lāʻau āpau o ka maʻi pōpilikia ma ka lima, e kōkua i ke kanaka e lawe a ʻāko iā ia. Mai hāʻawi i ka lāʻau i loko o ka waha inā paʻakikī ke hanu o ke kanaka.
5. Hana i nā hana e pale ai i ka haʻalulu. E hoʻomoe pālahalaha ke kanaka, e hāpai i nā wāwae o ke kanaka ma kahi o 12 ʻīniha (30 kenimika), a uhi i ke kanaka me ka ʻahuʻula a i ʻole ka ʻahu. Mai hoʻonoho i ke kanaka i kēia kūlana inā kuhi ʻia kahi poʻo, ʻāʻī, kua, a ʻeha hoʻi ka wāwae, a i ʻole inā he kumu ia e hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ai.

MAI:

• Mai kuhi i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pale allergy a ke kanaka i loaʻa i ka pale holoʻokoʻa.
• Mai hoʻokau i kahi uluna ma lalo o ke poʻo o ke kanaka inā pilikia lākou i ka hanu ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke ālai i nā alaloa.
• Mai hāʻawi i ke kanaka i kekahi mea ma ka waha inā pilikia lākou i ka hanu.

Hiki i nā paramedics a i ʻole nā ​​mea lawelawe ʻē aʻe ke kau i kahi paipu ma o ka ihu a waha paha i loko o nā alaloa. A i ʻole e hana ʻia kahi ʻoki kūpilikiʻi e kau pono i kahi ʻōpala i loko o ka trachea.

Hiki i ke kanaka ke loaʻa nā lāʻau e hōʻemi hou ai i nā ʻōuli.

Hiki i ka Anaphylaxis ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli me ke kau pono, no laila he mea nui e hana koke.

Me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke ʻana, hopena paha nā anaphylaxis i:

• Alanui alanui i ālai ʻia
• Hopu ʻo Cardiac (ʻaʻohe puʻuwai puʻuwai maikaʻi)
• Hoʻopaʻa hanu (ʻaʻohe hanu)
• Pāhaʻi

Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko inā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e ʻike nei e hoʻomōhala i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka anaphylaxis. A i ʻole, e hele i kahi lumi pilikia kokoke loa.

E pale aku i nā hopena maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā anaphylaxis:

• Hōʻalo i nā mea hoʻouluulu e like me nā meaʻai a me nā lāʻau i hana i kahi hopena maʻi i ka wā i hala. E nīnau i nā nīnau kikoʻī e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohui ke ʻai ʻoe i kahi home. E nānā pono hoʻi i nā lepili mea hoʻohui.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi keiki i maʻi āpau i kekahi mau meaʻai, hoʻolauna i hoʻokahi meaʻai hou i ka manawa ma nā liʻiliʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ka poʻe i ʻike ua loaʻa iā lākou nā hopena maʻi kūpilikiʻi e pono ke komo i ka tag ID lapaʻau.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mōʻaukala o nā hopena maʻi ʻino nui, lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau pōpilikia (e like me ka chewable antihistamine a me ka epinephrine injectable a i ʻole ka bee sting kit) e like me nā kuhikuhi a kāu mea hāʻawi.
• Mai hoʻohana i kāu epinephrine injectable ma luna o haʻi. Loaʻa paha iā lākou kahi kūlana (e like me ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai) i hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia e kēia lāʻau.

Ka hopena Anaphylactic; Hoʻoweliweli Anaphylactic; Pāhaʻi - anaphylactic; Ka hopena hoʻowali - anaphylaxis

• Pāhaʻi
• Nā hopena āpau
• Anaphylaxis
• ʻO Hives
• Nā mea āpau o ka meaʻai
• ʻIngspala nāhele kolo
• Nā hopena āpau i ka lāʻau
• Nā Antibodies

ʻO Barksdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, a me anaphylaxis. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 109.

ʻO Dreskin SC, Stitt JM. Anaphylaxis. I: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Nā Manaʻo a me ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 75.

ʻO Shaker MS, Wallace DV, Golden DBK, et al. ʻO ka Anaphylaxis-kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa 2020 hoʻomaʻamaʻa, loiloi ʻōnaehana, a me ka māka ʻana o nā ʻōlelo paipai, ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me nā loiloi (GRADE). ʻO J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020; 145 (4): 1082-1123. PMID: 32001253 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32001253/.

ʻO Schwartz LB. ʻO ka anaphylaxis ʻōnaehana, ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a me nā maʻi ʻehaʻeha o nā insect. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 238.