Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka makaʻu o kou umauma umauma

ʻO nā mea pilikia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma nā mea e hoʻonui i ka manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kekahi mau kumu pilikia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kaohi, e like me ka inu lama ʻana. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi.

ʻO ka nui o nā pilikia i loaʻa iā ʻoe, ʻo ka nui o kāu māiʻoni e hoʻonui. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa loa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā wahine he nui i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i kekahi kumu pilikia a i ʻole ka moʻolelo o ka ʻohana.

Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāu mau mea hoʻoweliweli ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi kiʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā kumu pilikia ke kāohi i nā:

• Makahiki. Hoʻonui ka nui o kou makaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i kou mau makahiki. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai i nā makahiki 55 a ʻoi.
• Hoʻololi Gene. ʻO nā hoʻololi i nā gen i hoʻopili ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, e like me BRCA1, BRCA2, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i kou makaʻi. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka moʻomeheu ma kahi o 10% o nā hihia maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.
• ʻAmi paʻa umauma. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻiʻo o ka umauma ʻoi aku ka momona a me ka momona o ka umauma momona e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu Eia kekahi, hiki i nā kiko o ka umauma paʻakikī ke hana paʻakikī i nā tumors ma ka mammography.
• Hōʻike uila. ʻO ka mālama ʻana e pili ana i ka radiation therapy i ka paia o ka umauma ma ke ʻano he kamaliʻi hiki ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu.
• ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Inā ua ʻike ʻia kou makuahine, kaikuahine, a kaikamahine paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāu makaʻāinana.
• ʻO ka mōʻaukala pilikino o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, makaʻu ʻoe i ka hoʻi mai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ka moʻolelo pilikino o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian.
• Loaʻa nā hunaola maʻamau i ka wā o ka biopsy. Inā ua nānā ʻia kou kino umauma i kahi lab a loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau (akā ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kāu makaʻi.
• ʻO ka moʻolelo hoʻohua a me ka wā menstrual. Ke kiʻi nei i kāu manawa ma mua o ka makahiki 12, e hoʻomaka ana i ka menopause ma hope o ka makahiki 55, e hāpai ana ma hope o ka makahiki 30, a i ʻole hāpai ʻole e hoʻonui i kou makaʻi.
• DES (Diethylstilbestrol). ʻO kēia kahi lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i nā wahine hāpai ma waena o 1940 a me 1971. ʻO nā wahine i lawe i ka DES i ka wā hāpai e pale ai i ka hāʻule ʻana o ke keiki ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu.ʻO nā wahine i hōʻike ʻia i ka lāʻau i loko o ka ʻōpū i loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Nā kumuhana kūpilikiʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi pū:

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala. ʻO ka radiation radiation i ka umauma ma mua o ka makahiki 30 e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻi.
• Lāʻau ʻalekohola. ʻO ka nui o ka waiʻona āu e inu ai, ʻo ka nui o kāu makaʻu.
• Hoʻohana wā lōʻihi olāʻau hoʻoikaika kino. ʻO ka lawe pū ʻana i ka estrogen a me ka progestin no ka menopause no 5 mau makahiki a ʻoi paha e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻu. ʻAʻole maopopo inā, a i ʻole ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau kaohi hānau i loaʻa ka estrogen e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu.
• Kaumaha. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia ma mua o nā wahine kaupaona a momona paha ma hope o ka menopause ma mua o nā wahine i nā kaupaona olakino.
• Hoʻoikaika kino ʻole. ʻO nā wahine e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole i nā manawa āpau i ke ola e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumu pilikia iā ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi ʻaʻole ia i manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā ala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu makaʻu. E hoʻomaka me ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau loli nohona a hana pū me kāu mea mālama ola. Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou makaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma:

• Mālama i kahi kaupaona olakino.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma 4 mau hola i ka pule.
• Hōʻalo i ka wai ʻona, a i ʻole ma mua o hoʻokahi mea inu ʻona i hoʻokahi lā.
• Inā hiki, palena a hoʻemi paha i ka radiation mai nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, keu hoʻi i ka wā ʻōpio.
• ʻO ka hānai hānai ʻana, inā hiki, hiki ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻi.
• E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā pilikia a me nā pono ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka hormone therapy. Makemake paha ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka lawe ʻana i ka estrogen me ka progesterone a i ʻole progestin.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka umauma maʻi 'aʻai, e nīnau i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo genetic.
• Inā ʻoi aku ʻoe i ka 35 mau makahiki, a nui kou makaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma ka pale ʻana a hōʻemi ʻana i nā estrogens i loko o ke kino. Hoʻopili pū lākou i nā tamoxifen, raloxifene, a me nā mea hoʻopā aromatase.
• Inā pilikia nui ʻoe, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea lawelawe e pili ana i ka ʻoki ʻana e kāpae i kaʻiʻo o ka umauma (mastectomy). Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻu ma mua o 90%.
• E noʻonoʻo i ke kaha ʻana e hemo ai kāu mau ovaries. E hoʻohaʻahaʻa ia i ka estrogen i ke kino a hiki ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻu no ka maʻi kanesa o ka maʻi ma kahi o 50%.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā wahi a ʻaʻole paha i hōʻike ʻia. Ke nānā nei nā noiʻi i nā mea e like me ka puhipaka, ka papaʻai, nā kemikū, a me nā ʻano o nā lāʻau kaohi hānau ma ke ʻano he mau hanana weliweli. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi inā makemake ʻoe e komo i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

E kāhea ʻoe i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• He mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i ka makaʻu o kou umauma umauma.
• Makemake ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo genetic, nā lāʻau pale, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Loaʻa ʻoe no ka mammogram.

Carcinoma-lobular - pilikia; DCIS; LCIS ​​- pilikia; Carcomaoma ductal ma kahi - pilikia; Lobular carcinoma ma kahi - pilikia; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma - ka pale ʻana; BRCA - pilikia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

ʻO Henry NL, Shah PD, Haider I, Freer PE, Jagsi R, Sabel MS. Kanesa o ka umauma. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 88.

ʻO Moyer VA; ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana lawelawe lawelawe US. ʻO ka loiloi weliweli, ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻāʻo genetic no ka maʻi ʻaʻa e pili ana i ka BRCA i nā wahine. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160 (4): 271-281. PMID: 24366376 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24366376/.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.kanes.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-prevention-pdq. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻApelila 29, 2020. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 24, 2020.

Siu AL; ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana lawelawe lawelawe US. Ke nānā ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma: ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka US Preventive Services Task Force. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (4): 279-296. PMID: 26757170 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26757170/.

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma