Dementia Frontotemporal

ʻO ka dementia Frontotemporal (FTD) kahi ʻano laha ʻole o ke dementia e like me ka maʻi Alzheimer, koe wale nō e hoʻopili i nā wahi o ka lolo wale nō.

Loaʻa i nā poʻe me FTD nā mea kūpono ʻole (i kapa ʻia ʻo tangles, pick kino, a me pick cells, a me nā protein proteins) i loko o nā hunaola nerve i nā wahi i hōʻino ʻia o ka lolo.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu kūpono o nā mea ʻino. Ua ʻike ʻia nā genes ʻē aʻe he nui i hiki ke kumu iā FTD. Ua hala kekahi mau hihia o FTD i loko o nā ʻohana.

Kākaʻikahi ʻo FTD. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka makahiki 20. Akā hoʻomaka mau ia ma waena o nā makahiki 40 a me 60. ʻO ka makahiki maʻamau e hoʻomaka ai he 54.

E hele lohi ka maʻi. Hū nā kuhi i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO nā ʻōuli e like me ka loli o ka lawena, ka paʻakikī ʻōlelo, a me nā pilikia e noʻonoʻo lohi ana a lilo i mea ʻino.

Hiki i nā loli pilikino ke kōkua i nā kauka e haʻi iā FTD ma kahi kaʻawale mai ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimer. (ʻO ka poʻomanaʻo ka manawa nui ka mea nui, a me ka mua, ʻōuli o ka maʻi Alzheimer.)

ʻO nā poʻe me FTD e hana i ke ala hewa i nā ʻano nohona like ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lawena e hoʻomau i ka ʻoi aku ka hewa a pinepine kekahi o nā ʻōuli weliweli o ka maʻi. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻoholo ʻana, nā hana paʻakikī, a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo (pilikia e ʻike a hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo a kākau paha).

ʻO nā ʻōuli laulā ka:

NĀ HANA HANA:

• ʻAʻole hiki ke mālama i kahi hana
• Nā hana koi
• ʻO ke ʻano hilahila a kūpono ʻole paha
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hana a pilina paha i nā ʻano kaiapili a pilikino paha
• Nā pilikia me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino
• Hana hou
• Ka haʻalele ʻana mai ka launa pū ʻana

NA OLELO EMOTIONAL

• Hoʻololi ke ʻano kūlohelohe
• Hoemi i ka hoihoi i nā hana ola o kēlā me kēia lā
• ʻO ka ʻike ʻole i nā loli o ka lawena
• Hōʻole e hōʻike i ka mehana o ka naʻau, ka hopohopo, ka minamina, ka minamina
• Manaʻo kūpono ʻole
• ʻAʻole mālama i nā hanana a i ʻole ke kaiapuni

OLELO OLELO

• ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo (mutism)
• Hoʻemi i ka hiki ke heluhelu a kākau paha
• Ka paʻakikī e loaʻa kahi huaʻōlelo
• Ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo (aphasia)
• Ke hana hou nei i kekahi mea i haʻi ʻia iā lākou (echolalia)
• Hoʻonani huaʻōlelo
• Kanaka nawaliwali, walaʻau walaʻau kamaʻilio

Nā Pilikia Pūnaewele NERVOUS

• Hoʻonui i ke kani o ka mākala (paʻa)
• Lilo ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana e hoʻonui ai i ka maikaʻi
• Nā pilikia o ka neʻe / ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana (apraxia)
• Nawaliwali

NA PILIKIA HOU

• Miki ʻole

E nīnau ka mea mālama ola e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala a me nā ʻōuli.

Kauoha ʻia paha nā hoʻokolohua e kāpae i nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka dementia, me ke dementia ma muli o nā kumu metabolic. ʻIke ʻia ʻo FTD e pili ana i nā ʻōuli a me nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua, e like me:

• Ka helu ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka lawena (loiloi neuropsychological)
• Koʻo MRI
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka lolo a me ka ʻōnaehana (hōʻike neurological)
• ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka wai a puni ka ʻōnaehana waena (cerebrospinal fluid) ma hope o ke kuʻi lumbar
• Poʻomanaʻo CT poʻo
• Nā hoʻāʻo o ka sensation, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo (function cognitive), a me ka hana kaʻa
• ʻO nā hana hou e hoʻāʻo ai i ka metabolism o ka lolo a i ʻole nā ​​waihona moni protein e ʻae ʻoi aku no ka ʻike pololei i ka wā e hiki mai ana
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan o ka lolo

ʻO kahi biopsy lolo ka hōʻoia hoʻokahi e hiki ke hōʻoia i ka ʻike.

ʻAʻohe mālama kūikawā no FTD. Hiki paha i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka hoʻonohonoho i nā loli.

I kekahi manawa, lawe ka poʻe me FTD i nā lāʻau like i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano dementia ʻē aʻe.

I kekahi mau hihia, ke kū a hoʻololi paha i nā lāʻau e hōʻino ai i ka hilahila a i ʻole pono ʻole e hiki ai ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka noʻonoʻo a me nā hana noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i nā lāʻau:

• ʻAnaliko
• Nā Anticholinergics
• ʻO nā depressants ʻōnaehana waena
• Cimetidine
• Lidocaine

He mea nui e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi āpau e hiki ai ke huikau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Anemia
• Hoʻoemi i ka oxygen (hypoxia) pae
• Hewa puʻuwai
• ʻĀpana kalapona kiʻekiʻe
• Nā maʻi ʻino
• Hewa ʻole nā ​​hakuʻala
• Hoka kōpaʻa
• Nā maʻi kīnā ʻole
• Nā maʻi thyroid
• Nā maʻi maʻi, e like me ke kaumaha

Pono paha nā lāʻau e kāohi i nā hana kūpikipiki, weliweli, a hoʻonāukiuki paha.

Hiki i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano ke kōkua i kekahi poʻe e kaohi i nā ʻano ʻae ʻole a weliweli paha. Loaʻa kēia i nā uku kūpono a maikaʻi paha a nānā ʻole i nā lawena kūpono ʻole (ke palekana ke hana pēlā).

Kūkulu walaʻau (psychotherapy) ʻaʻole holo mau. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki hou a disorientation paha.

ʻO ke kūmole ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka mea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai i ke kaiapuni a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, e kōkua paha i ka hōʻemi i ka disorientation.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻōuli a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, pono ka mālama a kōkua ʻana me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino pilikino. ʻO ka hopena, pono paha kahi mālama no ka mālama 24-hola a me ka nānā ʻana ma ka home a i ʻole kahi wahi kūikawā. Hiki i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻohana ke kōkua i ke kanaka e kū me nā loli e pono ai no ka mālama home ʻana.

E komo pū paha ka mālama:

• Nā lawelawe pale pale makua
• Nā kumuwaiwai kaiāulu
• Nā Mea Hana hale
• Nā kahu maʻi kipa a mea kōkua paha
• Nā lawelawe manawaleʻa

Pono paha ka poʻe me FTD a me ko lākou ʻohana e ʻimi i nā ʻōlelo aʻo kū kānāwai i ka wā mua o ka maʻi. ʻO ke kuhikuhi mālama mua, ka mana o ka loio, a me nā hana kū kānāwai e hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hoʻoholo ʻana e pili ana i ka mālama o ka mea me FTD.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoluʻolu i ke koʻikoʻi o FTD ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole. Hiki ke ʻike hou aku i ka ʻike a me ke kākoʻo no ka poʻe me FTD a me ko lākou mau ʻohana ma:

ʻO ka hui no ka Frontotemporal Degeneration - www.theaftd.org/get-involved/in-your-region/

Lilo ka maʻi a lilo i mea ʻino loa. Ua kīnā ʻole ke kanaka i ka wanaʻao o ka maʻi.

Hana pinepine ʻo FTD i ka make ma waena o 8 a 10 mau makahiki, mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole kekahi manawa no ka holo pono ʻole o nā ʻōnaehana kino.

Kāhea i kāu mea lawelawe a i ʻole hele i ka lumi pilikia inā e ʻinoʻino ka hana noʻonoʻo.

ʻAʻohe pale e ʻike ʻia.

Dementia semantic; Dementia - semantic; Luʻuluʻu Frontotemporal; FTD; Maʻi ʻo Arnold Pick; Koi i ka maʻi; 3R tauopathy

• ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana waena a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana peripheral
• Lolo
• ʻŌnaehana lolo a me ka pūnao

Bang J, Spina S, Miller BL. Dementia Frontotemporal. Lancet. 2015; 386 (10004): 1672-1682. PMID: 26595641 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26595641/.

ʻO Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Alzheimer maʻi a me nā dementias ʻē aʻe. I: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. ʻO Bradley's Neurology i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 95.