COPD a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD), e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kekahi mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he comorbidities. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pilikia olakino o ka poʻe me COPD ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole ka COPD.

Hiki i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili i kāu mau ʻōuli a me nā hōʻailona. Pono paha ʻoe e kipa pinepine i kāu kauka. Pono paha ʻoe e loaʻa hou nā hoʻokolohua a i ʻole nā ​​mālama.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o COPD ka mea nui e hoʻokele. Akā e hoʻāʻo e noho maikaʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i kou olakino ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kumu e makaʻu ai ʻoe no kekahi ʻano a me ke aʻo ʻana pehea e pale aku ai iā lākou.

Inā he COPD kāu, ʻoi aku paha kāu i:

• E hana hou i nā maʻi, e like me ka niumonia. Hoʻonui ka COPD i kou makaʻi no nā pilikia mai ke anuanu a me ka maʻi flu. Hoʻonui ia i kou makaʻu i ka pono i ka haukapila ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko i nā akemāmā. Hiki i ke COPD ke hana i ke koko kiʻekiʻe ma nā aʻa e lawe i ke koko i kou mau māmā. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo hypertension pulmonary.
• Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai. Hoʻonui ka COPD i kou makaʻi no ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, maikaʻi ʻole o ka puʻuwai, ʻeha o ka umauma, kuʻi puʻuwai ʻole, a me nā kahe o ke koko.
• Diabetes. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o COPD e hoʻonui ai i kēia pilikia. Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi lāʻau COPD ke kumu i ke kō kō.
• Osteoporosis (nā iwi nāwaliwali). ʻO ka poʻe me COPD he mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko ka lāʻau D, hana ʻole, a puhi. Hoʻonui kēia mau mea i kou makaʻu no ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi a me nā iwi nāwaliwali. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau COPD ke kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi.
• Kaumaha a me ka pīhoihoi. He mea maʻamau ia no ka poʻe me COPD e kaumaha a hopohopo paha. Hiki i ka hanu ʻole ke kumu i ka hopohopo. Hoʻohui, ke hoʻolohi nei i nā hōʻailona iā ʻoe i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hana e like me ka nui ma mua.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻāʻī a me ka gastroesophageal reflux maʻi (GERD.) Hiki i ka GERD a me ka puʻuwai ke alakaʻi i nā hōʻailona COPD hou aʻe a me nā piʻi ʻana.
• Kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka uahi e hoʻonui i kēia makaʻu.

He nui nā kumu i loko o ke kumu no ka loaʻa pinepine o nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe i nā poʻe me COPD. ʻO ka puhi paka kekahi o nā lawehala nui loa. ʻO ka puhi paka kahi mea pilikia no ka nui o nā pilikia ma luna.

• Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻo COPD i ka makahiki waena. A loaʻa i ka poʻe nā pilikia olakino hou aʻe i ko lākou mau makahiki.
• Hoʻoikaika ʻo COPD i ka hanu ʻana, kahi e paʻakikī ai e loaʻa ka lawa o ka hoʻoikaika kino. Hiki i ka hana ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka iwi a me ka nalo o ka puʻupuʻu a hoʻonui i kou makaʻu no nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe.
• Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau COPD ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu no nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi, nā ʻano puʻuwai, ka maʻi kō, a me ke kahe kiʻekiʻe.

Hana pū me kāu kauka e mālama i ka COPD a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe i ka kaohi. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā kaʻina hana aʻe hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kou olakino.

• E lawe i nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau e like me ke kuhikuhi.
• Inā puhi ʻoe, haʻalele. E hōʻalo hoʻi i ka uahi lua. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka uahi ke ala ʻoi loa e hōʻemi i ka hōʻino ʻana i kāu mau māmā. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā papahana hoʻōlapaʻa puhipaka a me nā koho ʻē aʻe, e like me ka nicotine replacement therapy a me nā lāʻau hoʻōki paka.
• Kūkākūkā i nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o kāu lāʻau me kāu kauka. Loaʻa paha nā koho i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi a hōʻemi paha i nā mea hōʻino. E haʻi i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hopena ʻē aʻe.
• E loaʻa i ka lāʻau āpau o ka maʻi palū i kēlā me kēia makahiki a me kahi lāʻau hoʻomaʻi pneumonia (koʻohune pneumococcal) e kōkua ai i ke kiaʻi mai nā maʻi. E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima. E noho kaʻawale i nā poʻe me nā anu a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.
• Noho paʻa e like me ka hiki. E hoʻāʻo i nā hele wāwae pōkole a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa māmā. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ala e loaʻa ai ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• ʻAi i kahi papaʻai olakino momona i nā protein protein, iʻa, nā palaoa āpau, nā huaʻai, a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai olakino liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia lā hiki ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā meaʻai e pono ai me ka ʻole o ka momona. Hiki i kahi ʻōpū nui ke paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana.
• E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā kaumaha ʻoe, kōkua ʻole, a hopohopo paha. Aia kekahi papahana, mālama, a me nā lāʻau i hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka maikaʻi a me ka lana o ka manaʻo a hoʻemi i kāu mau ʻōuli o ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha.

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole ʻoe wale nō. E hana pū kāu kauka me ʻoe e kōkua iā ʻoe e noho olakino a ʻeleu hoʻi i hiki.

Pono ʻoe e kāhea i kāu kauka ke:

• He mau hōʻailona hou a hōʻailona paha kāu e pili ana iā ʻoe.
• Ke pilikia nei ʻoe i ka mālama ʻana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kāu kūlana olakino.
• He hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kāu pilikia olakino a me kāu mālama ʻana.
• ʻIke ʻoe i ka manaʻo ʻole, kaumaha, a hopohopo paha.
• ʻIke ʻoe i nā hopena hopena lāʻau e hoʻopilikia ai iā ʻoe.

Maʻi pulmonary maʻi kūpilikiʻi - comorbidities; COPD - comorbidities

ʻO Celli BR, Zuwallack RL. Hoʻoulu pulmonary. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 105.

Ka Hoʻomaka Honua no ka maʻi maʻi hānai maʻi maʻi (GOLD) pūnaewele. ʻO ka hoʻolālā honua no ka ʻike ʻana, ka hoʻokele, a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa: hōʻike ʻo 2019. goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 22, 2019.

Han MK, Lazaro SC. COPD: ka hōʻailona hōʻoia a me ka hoʻokele. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 44.

• COPD