H influenzae meningitis

ʻO ka meningitis kahi maʻi o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Kapa ʻia kēia uhi ʻo nā meninges.

ʻO ke koʻohune kekahi ʻano o nā germ i hiki ke hana i ka meningitis. Haemophilus influenzae ʻo ke ʻano b kekahi ʻano bacteria i loaʻa i ka meningitis.

H influenzae ma muli o ka meningitis e Haemophilus influenzae kikokiko b koʻohune. ʻAʻole like kēia maʻi me ka maʻi palū (influenza), ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi.

Ma mua o ka lāʻau vaccine Hib, H influenzae ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka meningitis bacteria i nā keiki ma lalo o nā makahiki 5. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo kēia ʻano meningitis e emi pinepine ana i nā keiki.

H influenzae meningitis i l occurl ma hope o ka luna hanu maʻi maʻiʻaʻai. Hoʻolahalaha pinepine ka maʻi mai nā akemāmā a me nā ala ea i ke koko, a laila i ka wahi o ka lolo.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia me:

• Hele i ka mālama lā
• Kanesa
• ʻO ka maʻi pepeiao (otitis media) me H influenzae maʻi maʻi
• Lālā ʻohana me kahi H influenzae maʻi maʻi
• Lāhui ʻAmelika ʻōiwi
• Hapai keiki
• Makahiki
• Sinus maʻiʻaʻai (sinusitis)
• Puʻu ʻeha (pharyngitis)
• Maʻi hanu luna
• ʻŌnaehana pale nawaliwali

Hele koke mai nā ʻōuli, a hui pū paha me:

• Fiva a me nā anuanu
• Hoʻololi ke kūlana noʻonoʻo
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• ʻIke i ka mālamalama (photophobia)
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa (meningismus)

Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hana ʻia e:

• Hoʻoikaika
• ʻO nā fontanelles ʻōhū i nā pēpē
• Hoemi i ka ʻike
• Hānai hānai maikaʻi ʻole a hoʻonāukiuki hoʻi i nā keiki
• Hanu wikiwiki
• Kūleʻa maʻamau, me ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī e hoʻohele i hope (opisthotonos)

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. E nānā ka nīele i nā ʻōuli a me ka hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kekahi e loaʻa nā hōʻailona like, e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa a me ke kuni.

Inā manaʻo ke kauka he hiki i ka meningitis, hana ʻia kahi lumbar puncture (spinal tap) e lawe i kahi laʻana o ka fluid spinal (fluid cerebrospinal, a i ʻole CSF) no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Moʻomeheu Koko
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• Pākuʻi Gram, nā stains kūikawā ʻē aʻe, a me ka moʻomeheu o CSF

E hāʻawi koke ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau antibiotic. ʻO Ceftriaxone kekahi o nā antibiotic i hoʻohana mau ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Ampicillin i kekahi manawa.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Corticosteroids e kaua i ka mumū, keu hoʻi i nā keiki.

ʻO ka poʻe i wana ʻole ʻia e pili kokoke me kekahi mea i loaʻa H influenzae meningitis pono e hāʻawi antibiotics e pale aku maʻiʻaʻai. ʻO nā poʻe e like me:

• Nā lālā o ka hale
• ʻO nā hoa noho i nā lumi moe
• ʻO ka poʻe i launa pū me kahi kanaka maʻi

ʻO ka meningitis kahi maʻi weliweli a hiki ke make. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa kūpono no ke ola ʻana. ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā mākua ma luna o 50 mau makahiki ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka make.

Hiki i nā pilikia lōʻihi ke komo pū:

• Poino lolo
• Buildup o ka loli ma waena o ka iwi poʻo a me ka lolo (subdural effusion)
• Kūkulu o ka wai i loko o ka iwi poʻo e alakaʻi ai i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo (hydrocephalus)
• Lohe hoʻolohe
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi

Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko a i ʻole e hele i kahi keʻena pilikia inā manaʻo ʻoe he meningitis i kahi keiki ʻōpio i loaʻa kēia mau ʻōuli penei:

• Nā pilikia hānai
• Uē kūho kiʻekiʻe
• Huhū
• ʻO ke kuni hoʻomau ʻole

Hiki i ka Meningitis ke lilo koke i maʻi hoʻoweliweli.

Hiki ke pale ʻia nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi me ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo Hib.

Pono e nānā pono i nā pilina pili loa i ka hale like, ke kula, a i ʻole ke keʻena mālama lā no nā ʻōuli mua o ka maʻi ke loaʻa ke kanaka mua. Pono nā lālā ʻohana āpau ʻole a me nā pili pili o kēia kanaka e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau antibiotic i ka wā hiki ke pale i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi. E noi i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i nā antibiotic i ka kipa mua.

E hoʻohana mau i nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi, e like me ka holoi lima ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka diaper, a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua.

H. influenzae meningitis; H. flu meningitis; Haemophilus influenzae ʻano b meningitis

• ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana waena a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana peripheral
• Helu helu ʻo CSF
• Meaola Haemophilus influenzae

Nā kikowaena no ka pūnaewele Disease Control a me Prevent. Meningitis koʻohune. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 6, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 1, 2020.

Nath A. Meningitis: bacterial, viral, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 384.

Hasbun R, Van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR. Meningitis huʻi. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 87.