Alakaʻi i ka Anti-Inflammatories Over-the-Counter (OTC)

Anter

• Hoʻohana
• Nā ʻano o NSAIDs
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao
• Nā pilikia ʻōpū
• Nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai
• I ka manawa hea e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau
• Nā launa lāʻau
• No nā keiki
• Reye's syndrome
• Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID OTC
• Loiloi i kāu pono
• Heluhelu i nā lepili
• E mālama pono iā lākou
• Lawe i ka lāʻau kūpono
• I ka manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā NSAIDs
• Lawe aku

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau over-the-counter (OTC) nā lāʻau i hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai me ka ʻole o ke kauka. ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory Nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) nā lāʻau e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū, kahi e kōkua pinepine ai e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, he lāʻau anti-inflammatory lākou.

Eia nā ʻO NSAID OTC maʻamau hou aʻe:

• aspirin kiʻekiʻe loa
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol)
• naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

Hiki ke hoʻohana pono i nā NSAID. Kūleʻa lākou e hana wikiwiki a loaʻa ka hapa i nā hopena ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka corticosteroids, kahi e hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻi i ka mumū.

Eia nō naʻe, ma mua o kou hoʻohana ʻana i kahi NSAID, pono ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena ʻē aʻe a me nā launa lāʻau. E heluhelu e pili ana i kēia ʻike a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID me ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi.

Hoʻohana

Hana nā NSAID e ka pale ʻana i nā prostaglandins, he mau mea ia e hoʻomaopopo i kou hopena nerve a hoʻonui i ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka mumū. Pāʻani pū kekahi ʻo Prostaglandins i ka kaohi ʻana i ka mahana o kou kino.

Ma ka pāpā ʻana i nā hopena o nā prostaglandins, kōkua nā NSAID e hōʻoluʻolu i kou ʻeha a lawe i lalo i kou kuni. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā NSAID ke kūpono i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā ʻano discomfort, me:

• ʻeha poʻo
• ʻeha kua
• ʻeha ka ʻili
• ʻO ka mumū a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi kōpaʻa a me nā kūlana hoʻāla ʻē aʻe
• ʻehaʻeha a me nā ʻeha
• ʻeha ma hope o kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi
• ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha ʻē aʻe

He mea nui ka NSAID no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ke kuamoʻo, e like me ka ʻeha pū, ka mumū, a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa. Kūleʻa nā NSAID he mea kūʻai aku maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi, no laila pinepine lākou i nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi mua ʻia i ka poʻe me ka maʻi pākī.

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau celecoxib (Celebrex) no ka mālama wā lōʻihi o nā hōʻailona arthritis. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kou ʻōpū ma mua o nā NSAID ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻano o NSAIDs

Paʻa nā NSAID i ka enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) mai ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā prostaglandins. Hana i kou kino i ʻelua mau ʻano COX: COX-1 a me COX-2.

Mālama ʻo COX-1 i ka pale o kou ʻōpū, ʻoiai ʻo COX-2 ke kumu o ka mumū. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā NSAID he nonspecific, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pale ʻana i nā COX-1 a me COX-2.

Loaʻa nā NSAID kikoʻī ʻole ma luna o ka pā ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

• aspirin kiʻekiʻe loa
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol)
• naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

ʻAʻole mahele maʻamau ka aspirin haʻahaʻa ma ke ʻano he NSAID.

Loaʻa nā NSAID kikoʻī ʻole i loaʻa me kahi kuhikuhi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

• diclofenac (Zorvolex)
• diflunisal
• ʻ etodolac
• famotidine / ibuprofen (Duexis)
• flurbiprofen
• indomethacin (Tivorbex)
• ketoprofen
• mefenamic acid (Ponstel)
• meloxicam (Vivlodex, Mobic)
• nabumetone
• oxaprozin (Daypro)
• piroxicam (Feldene)
• sulindac

ʻO nā mea kāohi COX-2 Selective nā NSAID e ālai ana i nā COX-2 ma mua o COX-1. ʻO Celecoxib (Celebrex) ʻo ia wale nō ka mea hōʻoki COX-2 i loaʻa ma o ke kuhikuhi ʻana ma United States.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao

Ma muli o ka hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kekahi mau NSAID me ka ʻole o kahi kuhikuhi ʻaʻole ia he kumu no ka pōʻino ʻole. Loaʻa nā hopena a me nā pilikia, a ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka huhū ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ka ʻaukā, a me ka diarrhea.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā NSAID no ka hana manawa a me ka manawa pōkole. Hoʻonui ka hopena o kāu hopena i ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.

E kamaʻilio mau i kāu kauka olakino ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID, a mai lawe i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā NSAID i ka manawa like.

Nā pilikia ʻōpū

Paʻa ka NSAID iā COX-1, i kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka uhi o kou ʻōpū. ʻO ka hopena, hiki i ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID ke kōkua i nā pilikia gastrointestinal liʻiliʻi, e like me:

• hoʻohuhū ʻōpū
• ʻenekini
• pāhoehoe
• puʻuwai puʻuwai
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• kōpaʻa

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi hou aʻe, hiki i ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka uhi ʻana o kou ʻōpū e lawa pono i kahi ulcer. Hiki i kekahi mau ulcer ke alakaʻi i ke kahe ʻana o loko.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli, e hōʻoki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka NSAID koke a kāhea i kāu kauka.

• ʻeha nui i ka ʻōpū
• noho ʻeleʻele a lōʻihi paha
• ke koko i loko o kāu pahu

ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū no ka poʻe:

• lawe pinepine i nā NSAID
• he moʻolelo o ka puʻu ulcer
• lawe i nā mea lahilahi o ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​corticosteroids
• ma luna o 65 mau makahiki

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kāu likelike o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū ma ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID me ka meaʻai, ka waiū, a i ʻole kahi antacid.

Inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā pilikia o ka gastrointestinal, hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke paipai iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kahi mea kāohi COX-2 mea koho e like me celecoxib (Celebrex). Hoʻemi iki lākou i ka huhū o ka ʻōpū ma mua o nā NSAID nonspecific.

Nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai

ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻu no:

• maʻi hohola
• puʻuwai puʻuwai
• hahau
• huʻi koko

Hoʻonui ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau ʻano me ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana a me nā kau kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻonui ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia pili i ka puʻuwai mai ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID.

I ka manawa hea e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau

E hōʻoki i ka lawe koke ʻana i ka NSAID a e ʻimi i ka lāʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli.

• ke kani nei i kou mau pepeiao
• ʻike hihi
• ʻehu, hives, a me ka ʻili
• paʻa wai
• ke koko i loko o kāu mimi a me nā pahu noho paha
• ka luaʻi a me ke koko i kou luaʻi
• ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū
• ʻeha ka umauma
• kōmi puʻuwai wikiwiki
• ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōiwi

Nā launa lāʻau

Hiki i nā NSAID ke launa me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Lilo ka maikaʻi o kekahi mau lāʻau inā pili lākou me NSAIDs. ʻElua laʻana he mau lāʻau lapaʻau koko a me ka aspirin haʻahaʻa (ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea lahilahi o ke koko).

Hiki i nā hui lāʻau ʻē aʻe ke kumu i nā hopena ʻino hoʻi. E akahele inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau aʻe:

• Warfarin. Hiki i nā NSAID ke hoʻonui maoli i ka hopena o warfarin (Coumadin), kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e pale a mālama ʻia ai ke koko. Hiki ke hoʻohui i ke kahe nui.
• Cyclosporine. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) e mālama ai i ka maʻi kōkō a i ʻole ke ulcerative colitis (UC). Kauoha ʻia nō hoʻi i ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi organ. Lawe iā ia me kahi NSAID hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hakuʻala.
• Likiuma Ke hoʻohui nei i nā NSAID me ka lithium lāʻau hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke ʻano hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi kūkulu weliweli o ka lithium i kou kino.
• Aspirin haʻahaʻa Lawe i nā NSAID me ka aspirin haʻahaʻa hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kō.
• ʻO nā mea hōʻoki hou i nā serotonin e koho ai (SSRIs). He pilikia paha ka hele ʻana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana digestive inā ʻoe e lawe i nā NSAID me nā serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) i wae ʻia.
• ʻO Diuretics. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka pilikia e lawe i nā NSAID inā ʻoe e lawe pū i nā diuretics. Eia nō naʻe, pono kāu kauka olakino e kiaʻi iā ʻoe no ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko a me nā ʻino o ke kīhāpai ke lawe ʻoe iā lāua ʻelua.

No nā keiki

E hōʻoia mau me kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kekahi NSAID i kahi keiki ma mua o 2 mau makahiki. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana no nā keiki i ke kaupaona, no laila e heluhelu i ka pakuhi hana i hoʻopili ʻia me ka lāʻau e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui e hāʻawi i kahi keiki.

ʻO Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol) ka NSAID e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā keiki. ʻO ia wale nō ka mea i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki i ʻōpio o 3 mau makahiki. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) i nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki.

ʻOiai ʻae ʻia ka aspirin no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki ma mua o 3 mau makahiki, nā keiki 17 a ʻoi paha ka makahiki i loaʻa i ka moa moa a me ka flu e pale aku i ka aspirin a me nā huahana i loaʻa iā ia.

ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka aspirin i nā keiki hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou makaʻu no ka Reye’s Syndrome, kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi e kumu i ka pehu ʻana i ke ake a me ka lolo.

Reye's syndrome

Kū pinepine nā ʻōuli mua o ka Reye's Syndrome i ka wā e ola ai mai kahi maʻi viral, e like me ka moa a me ka maʻi flu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hoʻomohala i ka maʻi o Reye 3 a 5 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā ʻōuli mua i nā keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki ka maʻi hānai a me ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana. ʻO nā ʻōuli mua i nā keiki makua a me nā ʻōpio me ka luaʻi a me ka hiamoe maʻamau ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻino ʻoi aku ka nui:

• huikau a ʻano haʻalulu paha
• hana kolohe a kolohe ʻole paha
• nāwaliwali a palapū paha i nā lima a me nā wāwae
• ka hopu ʻana
• nalowale o ka ʻike

Hiki ke hoola i ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi ko kāu keiki na Reye's Syndrome, e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID OTC

E kiʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi loa mai kāu lāʻau OTC, e hāhai i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.

Loiloi i kāu pono

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau OTC, e like me ka acetaminophen (Tylenol), maikaʻi no ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻeha akā ʻaʻole kōkua i ka hu. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomanawanui iā lākou, ʻo ka NSAID paha ke koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka maʻi kōpaʻa a me nā kūlana hoʻāla ʻē aʻe.

Heluhelu i nā lepili

Hoʻohui kekahi mau huahana OTC i ka acetaminophen a me ka lāʻau anti-inflammatory. Hiki ke loaʻa nā NSAID i kekahi mau anuanu a me nā lāʻau flu. E heluhelu pono i nā papa inoa mea hoʻohui ma nā lāʻau OTC āpau i ʻike ʻoe i ka nui o kēlā me kēia lāʻau āu e lawe nei.

ʻO ka lawe nui ʻana i kahi mea hana i nā huahana hoʻohui e hoʻonui i kou makaʻi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

E mālama pono iā lākou

Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau OTC ke nalo i ko lākou pono ma mua o ka lā palena pau inā mālama ʻia i kahi wela, a me kahi wai e like me ke keʻena lāʻau lāʻau ʻauʻau. I mea e mau ai lākou, e mālama iā lākou i kahi me, a me kahi maloʻo.

Lawe i ka lāʻau kūpono

Ke lawe nei i kahi OTC NSAID, e heluhelu pono a hāhai i nā ʻōkuhi. Hoʻololi nā huahana i ka ikaika, no laila e nānā pono i ka lawe ʻana i ka nui kūpono i kēlā me kēia manawa.

I ka manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā NSAIDs

ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā NSAID no nā mea āpau. Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau, e nānā me kāu kauka inā loaʻa inā iā ʻoe:

• kahi hopena maʻi ʻino i ka aspirin a i ʻole kahi mea hoʻomaha ʻeha
• he mai koko
• kahe o ka ʻōpū, ulcer peptic, a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻōpū
• ke koko kiʻekiʻe a maʻi maʻi puʻuwai paha
• ate a me nā maʻi pākī
• paʻakikī e mālama
• kahi moʻolelo o ka hahau a hōʻeha puʻuwai paha

E nīnau aku i kāu kauka inā he ʻoi aku ʻoe i ke 65 mau makahiki a hoʻolālā e lawe i nā NSAID.

Inā hāpai ʻoe, e nīnau i kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID. ua ʻike ʻo ka lawe ʻana i nā NSAID i ka wanaʻao o kou hāpai ʻana e hoʻonui paha i kou makaʻu no ka hāpai keiki ʻana, akā pono nā aʻo hou aku.

Lawe ʻia nā NSAID i ka manawa o ke kolu o ka trimester o ka hāpai ʻole ʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i kahi kīʻaha koko i ka puʻuwai o ka pēpē e hoʻopau mua.

Pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio pū me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka palekana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi NSAID inā ʻoe e inu i ʻekolu a ʻoi paha mau mea inu ʻona i ka lā a i ʻole inā ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koko.

Lawe aku

Hiki i nā NSAID ke lilo i mea maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mumū, a loaʻa nā mea he nui ma luna o ka pā. E noi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ana pono, a mai ʻoi aku i kēlā palena.

Nā NSAID paha nā mea i loko o kekahi mau lāʻau, no laila e heluhelu pono i ka lepili o kēlā me kēia lāʻau OTC āu e ʻai ai.