Meningitis Pneumococcal

ʻO ka meningitis kahi maʻi o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Kapa ʻia kēia uhi ʻo nā meninges.

ʻO ke koʻohune kekahi ʻano o nā germ i hiki ke hana i ka meningitis. ʻO ke koʻohune pneumococcal kekahi ʻano bacteria i loaʻa i ka meningitis.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka meningitis pneumococcal e ʻO Streptococcus pneumoniae koʻohune (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he pneumococcus, a i ʻole S pneumoniae). ʻO kēia ʻano koʻohune ke kumu maʻamau o ka meningitis bacteria i nā mākua. ʻO ia ka lua o nā kumu maʻamau o ka meningitis i nā keiki ma mua o ka makahiki 2.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia me:

• Hoʻohana rama
• Diabetes
• Mōʻaukala o ka maʻi meningitis
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai me S pneumoniae
• Ka hōʻeha a hōʻeha paha i ke poʻo
• Meningitis kahi i loaʻa ai kahi leakage o ka wai ʻōiwi
• ʻO nā maʻi pepeiao hou me S pneumoniae
• ʻO ka pulumonia hou me S pneumoniae
• ʻO nā maʻi hanu hou o luna
• ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻāpala a i ʻole kahi ʻōpala i holo ʻole

Hele koke mai nā ʻōuli, a hui pū paha me:

• Fiva a me nā anuanu
• Hoʻololi ke kūlana noʻonoʻo
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• ʻIke i ka mālamalama (photophobia)
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa

Nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hana ʻia me kēia maʻi.

• Hoʻoikaika
• ʻO nā fontanelles ʻōhū i nā pēpē
• Hoemi i ka ʻike
• Hānai hānai a hoʻonāukiuki paha i nā keiki
• Hanu wikiwiki
• Kūleʻa maʻamau, me ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī e hoʻohele i hope (opisthotonos)

ʻO ka meningitis pneumococcal kahi kumu nui o ke kuni i nā pēpē.

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. E nānā ka nīele i nā ʻōuli a me ka hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kekahi e loaʻa nā hōʻailona like, e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa a me ke kuni.

Inā manaʻo ka mea hāʻawi he hiki i ka meningitis, hana ʻia paha kahi lumbar puncture (spinal tap). E loaʻa kēia i kahi laʻana o ka wai spinal no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Moʻomeheu Koko
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• Pākuʻi Gram, nā kikoʻī kūikawā ʻē aʻe

E hoʻomaka koke ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO Ceftriaxone kekahi o nā antibiotic i hoʻohana mau ʻia.

Inā ʻaʻole holo ka antibiotic a manaʻo ka mea hāʻawi i ka pale antibiotic, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo vancomycin a rifampin paha. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia nā corticosteroids, keu hoʻi i nā keiki.

ʻO ka meningitis kahi maʻi weliweli a hiki ke make. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa kūpono no ke ola ʻana. ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā mākua ma luna o 50 mau makahiki ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka make.

Hiki i nā pilikia lōʻihi ke komo pū:

• Poino lolo
• Buildup o ka loli ma waena o ka iwi poʻo a me ka lolo (subdural effusion)
• Kūkulu o ka wai i loko o ka iwi poʻo e alakaʻi ai i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo (hydrocephalus)
• Lohe hoʻolohe
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi

Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko a i ʻole e hele i kahi keʻena pilikia inā manaʻo ʻoe he meningitis i kahi keiki ʻōpio i loaʻa kēia mau ʻōuli penei:

• Nā pilikia hānai
• Uē kūho kiʻekiʻe
• Huhū
• ʻO ke kuni kuhi ʻole mau

Hiki i ka Meningitis ke lilo koke i maʻi hoʻoweliweli.

ʻO ka mālama mua ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia a me nā maʻi pepeiao i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka pneumococcus e hōʻemi paha i ka makaʻi o ka meningitis. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau hoʻomaikaʻi kūpono e pale aku i ka maʻi pneumococcus.

Pono e kanikau nā poʻe aʻe, e like me nā ʻōlelo o kēia wā:

• Nā keiki
• ʻO nā mākua o nā makahiki 65 a ʻoi
• ʻO ka poʻe i pilikia nui no ka maʻi maʻi pneumococcus

Meningitis Pneumococcal; Pneumococcus - meningitis

• Meaola Pneumococci
• Pulumonia pneumonia
• Meninges o ka lolo
• Helu helu ʻo CSF

Nā kikowaena no ka pūnaewele Disease Control a me Prevent. Meningitis koʻohune. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 6, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 1, 2020.

Hasbun R, Van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR. Meningitis huʻi. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 87.

Ramirez KA, Peters TR. ʻO Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 209.