Syndrome maka maloʻo

Pono ʻoe i ka waimaka e hoʻomāloʻo i nā maka a holoi i nā ʻāpana i komo i loko o kou mau maka. Pono kahi kiʻi waimaka olakino ma ka maka no ka ʻike maikaʻi.

Hoʻoulu nā maka maloʻo ke hiki ʻole i ka maka ke mālama i kahi uhi olakino o nā waimaka.

Kū pinepine ka maka maloʻo i ka poʻe olakino ʻole. E lilo i mea maʻamau me ka makahiki. Hiki i kēia ke hana ma muli o nā hoʻololi hormonal e hoʻonui ai kou mau waimaka i nā waimaka.

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau o nā maka maloʻo e komo pū ana:

• Wahi maloʻo a i ʻole kahi hana (makani, ea hoʻoikaika ʻana)
• Hōʻike lā
• ʻO ka puhipaka a i ʻole ka hōʻike ʻana i ka uahi lua
• Nā lāʻau anuanu a alapiʻi paha
• ʻO nā aniani kaulike

Hiki ke kumu ʻia ka maka maloʻo e:

• ʻO ka wela a i ʻole ke kuni kemikala
• ʻOki kino maka mua
• Hoʻohana o nā kulu maka no nā maʻi maka ʻē aʻe
• ʻO kahi maʻi autoimmune laha ʻole kahi i luku ʻia ai nā glands e hoʻohua i nā waimaka (Sjögren Syndrome)

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• ʻIke makapō
• ʻO ke kuni ʻana, ka ʻili ʻana, a me ka ʻulaʻula o ka maka
• ʻOluʻolu a ʻoluʻolu paha ka maka i ka maka
• ʻIke i ka mālam

E komo pū paha nā hoʻāʻo:

• Ana aniani ʻike
• Hōʻike kukui slit
• ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe diagnostics o ke kole a me ke kiʻi ʻāhae
• Ke ana o ka wā haʻihaʻi kiʻi o ka waimaka (TBUT)
• Ke ana o ka helu o ka hana waimaka (Schirmer test)
• Ke ana o ka noʻonoʻo o nā waimaka (osmolality)

ʻO ka hana mua i ka lapaʻau ʻana he waimaka hū. Hele mai kēia mau mea e like me ka mālama (ʻōmole pāpale wili) a mālama ʻole ʻia (wili hāmama ipu). ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka waimaka mālama ʻia, akā makaʻala kekahi poʻe i nā mea mālama ʻole. Nui nā māka i loaʻa me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau.

Hoʻomaka e hoʻohana i nā kulu ma ka liʻiliʻi 2 a 4 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi kāu mau hōʻailona ma hope o ʻelua mau pule o ka hoʻohana maʻamau:

• Hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana (a i kēlā me kēia 2 hola).
• Hoʻololi i nā kulu kīnā ʻole inā ʻoe e hoʻohana nei i ka ʻano i mālama ʻia.
• E hoʻāʻo i kahi mana ʻokoʻa.
• E kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi mana e hana no ʻoe.

Hiki i nā mālama ʻē aʻe ke:

• ʻAila iʻa 2 i 3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā
• ʻO nā aniani, nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani hoʻopili e mālama i ka makū i nā maka
• ʻO nā lāʻau e like me Restasis, Xiidra, corticosteroids topical, a me tetracycline waha a me doxycycline
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā plugina liʻiliʻi i nā auwai kahe waimaka e kōkua ai i ka hou mau ma luna o ka maka o ka maka

ʻO nā ʻanuʻu kōkua ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• Mai puhi a pale i ka uahi o ka lua, ka makani pololei, a me ka ea ʻana.
• E hoʻohana i kahi humidifier, keu i ka hoʻoilo.
• E kaupalena i nā lāʻau āpau a me nā lāʻau anuanu e hoʻomaloʻo iā ʻoe a hoʻomāhuahua i kāu mau ʻōuli.
• ʻO blink pinepine pinepine. E hoʻomaha i kou mau maka i kekahi manawa.
• Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau i nā maka maka a hoʻopili i nā compresses mehana.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻōuli o ka maka maloʻo ma muli o ka hiamoe ʻana me nā maka hāmama iki. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hamo lubricating no kēia pilikia. E hoʻohana wale ʻoe iā lākou i nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke blur i kāu ʻike. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana iā lākou ma mua o ka hiamoe.

Kōkua paha ke ʻoki kino inā he ʻōuli nā ʻōuli no ka mea aia nā lihilihi i kahi kūlana kūpono ʻole.

ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ka maka maloʻo he pilikia wale nō ia, a ʻaʻohe nalowale o ka hihi.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka uhi ākea ma ka maka (kornea) ke lilo i mea hōʻino a maʻi paha.

Kāhea koke i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• He maka ʻulaʻula a ʻeha paha kou.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lele, hoʻokuʻu, a ʻeha paha i kou maka a i ʻole ka lihilihi.
• Ua loaʻa ʻoe i kahi ʻeha i kou maka, a inā he maka maka ʻōpuʻu kou a i ʻole kahi kuʻemaka e hiolo ana.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha pū, ka pehu, a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa a me ka waha maloʻo me nā ʻōuli o ka maka maloʻo.
• ʻAʻole maikaʻi kou mau maka me ka mālama pono ʻana i loko o kekahi mau lā.

E noho mamao mai nā wahi maloʻo a me nā mea e hoʻonāukiuki i kou mau maka e pale aku ai i nā ʻōuli.

Keratitis sicca; Xerophthalmia; ʻO Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

• Anatomia maka
• Kelepona Lacrimal

ʻO Bohm KJ, Djalilian AR, Pflugfelder SC, Starr CE. Maka maloʻo. I: Mannis MJ, Hōlani EJ, eds. Kornea. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 33.

ʻO Dorsch JN. Syndrome maka maloʻo. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO kā Conn Therapy Therapy 2019. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: 475-477.

ʻO Goldstein MH, Rao NK. Maʻi maʻi maloʻo. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 4.23.