Maʻi ʻaʻai Esophageal

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Esophageal ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i ka esophagus. ʻO kēia ka paipu e neʻe ai ka meaʻai mai ka waha a i ka ʻōpū.

ʻAʻole maʻamau ka maʻi ʻaʻai Esophage i ka United States. Kū pinepine ia i nā kāne ma mua o 50 mau makahiki.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal; maʻi koʻokoʻo squamous cell and adenocarcinoma. Nānā ʻokoʻa kēia mau ʻano ʻelua mai kekahi ma lalo o ka microscope.

Pili ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāpiki squamous i ka puhipaka a me ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.

ʻO Adenocarcinoma ka ʻano ʻoi aku o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana iā Barrett esophagus e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka maʻi reflux waikawa (gastroesophageal reflux maʻi, a i ʻole GERD) hiki ke ulu i Barrett esophagus. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka puhipaka, ke kāne, a i ʻole ka momona.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka neʻe i hope o ka meaʻai ma o ka esophagus a me ka waha paha (regurgitation)
• ʻAʻole pili ka ʻeha o ka umauma i ka ʻai ʻana
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana i nā paʻa a i ʻole nā ​​wai
• Puʻuwai puʻuwai
• Koko luaʻi
• Kaumaha emi

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal:

• Lawe ʻia nā pūʻulu x e nānā i ka esophagus (barium ale)
• ʻO Chest MRI a i ʻole CT thoracic (hoʻohana mau ʻia e kōkua ai e hoʻoholo i ke kahua o ka maʻi)
• Endoscopic ultrasound (hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi manawa e hoʻoholo i ke kahua o ka maʻi)
• Hōʻike e nānā a hemo i kahi hāpana o ka uhi o ka esophagus (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, EGD)
• PET scan (pono i kekahi manawa no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kahua o ka maʻi, a inā he hiki ke ʻoki ʻana)

Hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo Stool i nā liʻiliʻi o ke koko i ka pahu.

EGD e hoʻohana ʻia e kiʻi i kahi kiko kiko mai ka esophagus e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke hiki wale ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka esophagus a ʻaʻole pālahalaha, e hana ʻia ke ʻoki. Lawe ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka ʻāpana, a i ʻole nā ​​mea āpau o ka esophagus. Hiki ke hana i ke ʻokiʻoki me ka hoʻohana ʻana:

• Pākuʻi wehe, i ka manawa i hana ʻia ai nā ʻoki ākea he 1 a 2 paha.
• ʻOki kino hoʻouka iki, i ka manawa e hana ʻia ai nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi he 2 a 4 i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi laparoscope me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū ma o kekahi o nā ʻokiʻoki.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation ma kahi o ke kaha ʻana i kekahi mau hihia ke pā ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka esophagus.

ʻO chemotherapy, radiation, a i ʻole ʻelua paha e hoʻohana ai e hōʻemi i ka tumo a hana i ke kahakaha maʻalahi e hana.

Inā maʻi nui ke kanaka no ka hana ʻoki kino ʻana a i ʻole ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā meaola ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation e kōkua ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona. Kapa ʻia kēia palliative therapy. I kēlā mau hihia, ʻaʻole hiki ke maʻi i ka maʻi.

Ma waho o ka loli o ka papaʻai, nā hana ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kōkua i ka mea maʻi e ale pū me:

• Dilating (widening) ka esophagus e hoʻohana ana i ka endoscope. I kekahi manawa hoʻonoho ʻia kahi stent e hāmama ai ka esophagus.
• He paipu hānai i loko o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻO Photodynamic therapy, kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i loko o ka tumo a laila hōʻike ʻia i ke kukui. Hoʻoulu ke kukui i ka lāʻau e hoʻouka i ka tumo.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole

Ke pālahalaha ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka esophagus, hoʻomaikaʻi ka ʻoki ʻana i ka manawa o ke ola.

Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i nā ʻōuli.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Pulumonia
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha loa o ka ʻai ʻole ʻana

Kāhea i kāu kahu mālama inā pilikia ʻoe i ka ale ʻana me kahi kumu ʻole a ʻaʻole maikaʻi. E kāhea aku hoʻi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal.

E hoʻemi i kou makaʻu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka esophagus:

• MAI Puhi.
• Palena a mai inu i nā wai ʻona.
• E hōʻoia e kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā GERD koʻikoʻi.
• E kiʻi i nā loiloi maʻamau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo Barrett esophagus.

Maʻi ʻaʻai - esophagus

• Esophagectomy - hoʻokuʻu
• Tube hānai Gastrostomy - bolus
• Paipu hānai Jejunostomy

• ʻŌnaehana Digestive
• ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka ʻāʻī puʻuwai
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Esophageal

Ku GY, Ilson DH. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka esophagus. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 71.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai Esophageal (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/esophageal/hp/esophageal-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou Nowemapa 12, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 5, 2019.

Pūnaewele Pūnaewele Manuahi Manuahi. Nā papa hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa NCCN i ka oncology (nā alakaʻi NCCN): nā maʻi ʻeha esophageal a me nā esophagogastric. Mana 2.2019. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/esophageal.pdf. Hoʻohou ʻia Mei 29, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kepakemapa 4, 2019.