Maʻi maʻi kuʻikuʻi

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi kuʻikuʻi kahi maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopili i nā poʻe piʻi mauna, nā mea hele wāwae, nā holoholo, a i ʻole nā ​​huakaʻi ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, ma mua o 8000 kapuaʻi (2400 mau mika).

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi kuʻuna e ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka ea a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae o ka oxygen ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou piʻi ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka nui nō paha ia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi mauna koʻikoʻi iā ʻoe.

ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i nā maʻi kiʻekiʻe e piʻi mālie. He manaʻo maikaʻi ke hoʻolilo i kekahi mau lā i ka piʻi ʻana i 9850 kapuaʻi (3000). Ma luna o kēia kiko e piʻi lohi a piʻi ʻole ka kiʻekiʻe ma kahi āu e hiamoe ai ma mua o 990 kapuaʻi a 1640 kapuaʻi (300m a 500m) i kēlā me kēia pō.

ʻOi aku ʻoe i ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe no ka maʻi maʻi mauna inā:

• Noho ʻoe ma kahi a kokoke paha i ka pae kai a hele i kahi kiʻekiʻe.
• Ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ma mua.
• Piʻi wikiwiki ʻoe.
• ʻAʻole ʻoe i acclimatized i ke kiʻekiʻe.
• Ua kāohi ka waiʻona a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe me ka acclimatization.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i ka puʻuwai, ʻōnaehana, a me nā mumū.

E pili pū nō kāu mau ʻōuli i ka wikiwiki o kou piʻi ʻana a me ka paʻakikī e hoʻokuʻi ai iā ʻoe iho. Hōʻailona nā hōʻailona mai ke akahai i ke ola hoʻoweliweli. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo, nā mumū, nā mākala, a me ka puʻuwai.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, akahai nā ʻōuli. Nā hōʻailona o ke akahai a me ka awelika o nā maʻi mauna koʻikoʻi e komo pū me:

• Hilikia hiamoe
• ʻO ka puʻupuʻu a me ke poʻo māmā
• Ka luhi
• ʻEha poʻo
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• Nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi
• Pāleʻa wikiwiki (ka helu o ka puʻuwai)
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu me ka hoʻoikaika

ʻO nā ʻōuli e kū aʻe me nā maʻi maʻi mauna koʻikoʻi i loko:

• ʻO ka uliuli i ka ʻili (cyanosis)
• ʻO ka paʻa o ka umauma a i ʻole ka huikau
• Huikau
• Cough
• ʻApu ʻana i ke koko
• Hoemi i ka ʻike a haʻalele paha mai ka launa pū ʻana
• ʻ Grayhinahina a i ʻole ʻili pale
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hele wāwae i kahi laina pololei, a i ʻole holoholo paha
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu i ka hoʻomaha

E nānā ka mea mālama ola iā ʻoe a hoʻolohe i kou umauma me kahi stethoscope. Hōʻike paha kēia i nā leo i kapa ʻia he crackles (rales) i ka māmā. ʻO Rales paha kahi hōʻailona o ka wai i nā akemāmā.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko
• Scanner ʻo Brain CT
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)

He mea nui ka ʻike mua ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi mauna ma nā pae mua.

ʻO ka lapaʻau nui no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole o ka mauna e piʻi i lalo (iho) i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe me ka wikiwiki a me ka palekana e hiki ai. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka piʻi piʻi inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā ʻōuli.

Pono e hāʻawi ʻia i ka oxygen keu, inā loaʻa.

Pono e hoʻokomo i ka poʻe maʻi i nā maʻi maʻi mauna.

Hāʻawi ʻia kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia acetazolamide (Diamox) e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu maikaʻi. Hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā ʻōuli. Hiki i kēia lāʻau ke hoʻolōʻihi iā ʻoe i ka mimi pinepine. E hōʻoia e inu nui i nā wai a pale i ka ʻalekohola ke lawe ʻoe i kēia lāʻau. Hana maikaʻi kēia lāʻau i ka wā i lawe ʻia ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe.

Inā loaʻa ka wai i kāu mau māmā (edema pulmonary), hiki i ka mālama ʻana ke:

• Oxygen
• ʻO kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe loa i kapa ʻia ʻo nifedipine
• Nā inhalers Beta agonist e wehe i nā alaloa
• Mīkini hanu i nā hihia koʻikoʻi
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui ai i ke kahe o ke koko i nā māmā i kapa ʻia ʻo ka mea kāohi ʻo phosphodiesterase (e like me sildenafil)

Hiki paha i ka Dexamethasone (Decadron) ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi mauna koʻikoʻi a me ka pehu ʻana i ka lolo (edema cerebral).

ʻAe nā lumi hyperbaric lawe lima i nā mea hele wāwae e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana mai kā lākou wahi ma ka mauna. Kōkua nui kēia mau mea inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke aniau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe i ka piʻi ʻana i lalo o ka mauna hiki ʻole.

Akahai ka hapa nui o nā hihia. Hoʻonui wikiwiki nā ʻōuli ke piʻi ʻoe i lalo o ka mauna i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO nā hihia koʻikoʻi paha ka hopena i ka make ma muli o nā pilikia o ka maʻi (edema pulmonary) a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo (edema cerebral).

I nā wahi mamao, hiki ʻole paha ke hoʻokuʻi kūpilikia, a hoʻopaneʻe paha i ka mālama ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hopena.

Aia ka nānā i ka helu o ka hanauna ke hoʻomaka nā ʻōuli. ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole paha e pane pū kekahi.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Coma (unresponsiveness)
• Fluid i loko o nā māmā (edema pulmonary)
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo (edema cerebral), ka mea i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hopu ʻana, hoʻololi i ka noʻonoʻo, a i ʻole pōʻino mau i ka ʻōnaehana
• Make

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a loaʻa paha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi mauna koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai inā ʻoe i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hoʻi ʻoe i kahi kiʻekiʻe haʻahaʻa.

Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole kāu helu pilikia kūloko inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea piʻi aʻe kekahi o nā ʻōuli aʻe.

• Ua loli ka pae o ka makaʻala
• ʻApu ʻana i ke koko
• Nā pilikia hanu nui

E piʻi koke i ka mauna a me ka palekana e like me ka hiki.

ʻO nā kī i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi kuahiwi koʻikoʻi:

• Piʻi mālie i ka mauna. ʻO ka piʻi piʻi ka mea nui i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi kuahiwi koʻikoʻi.
• Kū no hoʻokahi lā a ʻelua mau hoʻomaha no kēlā me kēia 2000 kapuaʻi (600 mika) o ka piʻi ma luna o 8000 kapuaʻi (2400 mika).
• E hiamoe ma kahi haʻahaʻa i ka wā hiki.
• E hōʻoia i ka hiki iā ʻoe ke iho wikiwiki inā pono.
• E aʻo pehea e ʻike ai i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi mauna.

Inā ʻoe e huakaʻi ma luna o 9840 kapuaʻi (3000 mau mika), pono ʻoe e halihali i ka oxygen no kekahi mau lā.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā i ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana, a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe, e nīnau i kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā lāʻau e kōkua paha.

Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka helu o ke koko ʻulaʻula haahaa (anemia), e nīnau i kāu mea hāʻawi inā palekana kāu huakaʻi i hoʻolālā ʻia. E nīnau hoʻi inā kūpono kahi mea hoʻohui hao iā ʻoe. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo Anemia i ka nui o ka oxygen i kou koko. ʻO kēia ka mea i loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi mauna.

ʻOiai e piʻi ana:

• Mai inu rama
• E inu nui i nā wai
• ʻAi i nā meaʻai maʻamau i kiʻekiʻe i nā haʻuki

Pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe inā he maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole maʻi lolo.

ʻO ka edema cerebral kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe; Altitude anoxia; Maʻi ʻo Altitude; Maʻi kuahiwi; ʻO ka edema pulmonary kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe

• ʻŌnaehana hanu

ʻO Basnyat B, Paterson RD. Lapaʻau huakaʻi. I: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, hua. Ka Laau Lāʻau ʻo Auerbach. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 79.

ʻO Harris NS. Lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe loa. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 136.

Luks AM, Hackett PH. Kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana olakino preexisting. I: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, hua. Ka Laau Lāʻau ʻo Auerbach. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 3.

Luks AM, Schoene RB, Swenson ER. Kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 77.