Nā lāʻau Antiplatelet - nā mea kūpaka P2Y12

ʻO nā platelet nā huna liʻiliʻi i loko o kou koko e hoʻohana ai kou kino e hana i nā clots a hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe. Inā he nui loa kāu mau platelet a i ʻole hoʻopili paʻa kāu mau platelet, ʻoi aku paha ʻoe i nā clots. Hiki i kēia kāpili ke hana ma loko o kou mau aʻa a alakaʻi i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau.

Hana nā lāʻau Antiplatelet e hoʻoliʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i kāu platelet a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā kahe koko mai loko o kāu mau aʻa.

• ʻO Aspirin kahi lāʻau antiplatelet i hoʻohana ʻia.
• ʻO ka P2Y12 receptor blockers kahi hui hou o nā lāʻau antiplatelet. ʻO kēia hui o nā lāʻau e pili ana: clopidogrel, ticlopidine, ticagrelor, prasugrel, a me cangrelor.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau Antiplatelet i:

• Kāohi i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole hahau ʻana no ka poʻe me PAD.
• Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Clopidogrel (Plavix, generic) ma kahi o ka aspirin no ka poʻe i ʻikiʻoki i nā aʻa coronary a i ʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia kahi stent.
• I kekahi manawa ua kau ʻia nā lāʻau antiplatelet 2 (ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he aspirin mau) no ka poʻe me ka angina kūpaʻa ʻole, ka maʻi maʻi coronary koʻikoʻi (angina paʻa ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona mua o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai), a i ʻole nā ​​mea i loaʻa ka stent i ka manawa o PCI.
• No ka pale mua ʻana i ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka aspirin i kēlā me kēia lā ke koho mua loa no ka antiplatelet therapy. Kau ʻia ʻo Clopidogrel ma kahi o aspirin no ka poʻe aspirin āpau a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui i ka aspirin.
• Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ʻo Aspirin a me ka lāʻau ʻona antiplatelet no ka poʻe e hele nei i angioplasty me ka stenting ʻole.
• Kāohi a mālama paha i nā hōʻeha puʻuwai.
• Kāohi i ka hahau a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻouka ischemic kuikawa (ʻo nā TIA he hōʻailona hōʻailona mua o ka hahau. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he "ʻāpana iki.")
• Kāohi i nā clots mai ka hana ʻana i loko o nā stent i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kāu mau aʻa e wehe iā lākou.
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi.
• Ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana i ke kahakaha graft e hoʻohana ai i kahi graft i hana ʻia e ke kanaka a hana ʻia ma nā aʻa ma lalo o ke kuli.

E koho kāu mea mālama ola i kahi o kēia mau lāʻau i kūpono no kou pilikia. I kekahi manawa, noi ʻia ʻoe e lawe i ka aspirin haʻahaʻa me kahi o kēia mau lāʻau.

Hiki i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o kēia lāʻau ke:

• Pohā
• Kāwili
• Nusea
• ʻ Skinhū ʻili
• ʻEha ʻeha

Ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e lawe i kēia mau lāʻau, e haʻi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia kahe o ke kahe a i ʻole nā ​​ulia ʻōpū.
• Hāpai ʻoe, hoʻolālā e hāpai, a i ʻole hānai waiū.

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻē aʻe i hiki, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i kahi lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia iā ʻoe. O kahi laʻana:

• Hiki i ke Ticlopidine ke alakaʻi i kahi helu keʻokeʻo haʻahaʻa keʻokeʻo haʻahaʻa a i ʻole kahi maʻi pale ʻole e luku i nā platelet.
• Hoʻokumu paha ʻo Ticagrelor i nā ʻāpana o ka hanu liʻiliʻi.

Lawe ʻia kēia lāʻau i pill. Hoʻololi paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu lāʻau mai kēlā me kēia manawa.

E lawe i kēia lāʻau me ka meaʻai a me ka nui o ka wai e hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Pono paha ʻoe e hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i ka clopidogrel ma mua o kāu hana ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​hana niho. Mai hōʻoki wale i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio mua ʻole ʻana me kāu mea hāʻawi.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau:

• Heparin a me nā mea lahilahi koko ʻē aʻe, e like me warfarin (Coumadin)
• ʻO ka lāʻau ʻeha a i ʻole arthritis (e like me diclofenac, etodolac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, Advil, Aleve, Daypro, Dolobid, Feldene, Indocin, Motrin, Orudis, Relafen, a ʻo Voltaren)
• ʻO Phenytoin (Dilantin), tamoxifen (Nolvadex, Soltamox), tolbutamide (Orinase), a i ʻole torsemide (Demadex)

Mai lawe i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ka aspirin a i ʻole ibuprofen i loko o lākou ma mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu mea hāʻawi. E heluhelu i nā lepili e pili ana i nā lāʻau anuanu a me ka maʻi flu. E nīnau he aha nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e palekana nāu e lawe no nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha, nā anuanu, a me ka flu.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano o ke kaʻina hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻokū i kēia mau lāʻau i 5 a 7 mau lā ma mua o ka lima. Eia nō naʻe, e nānā mau me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana inā palekana ke kū ʻana.

E haʻi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā he hāpai ʻoe a hoʻolālā paha ʻoe e hāpai, a i ʻole hānai umauma a hoʻolālā paha i ka umauma. ʻAʻole pono nā wahine i nā wā hope o ka hāpai ʻana e lawe i ka clopidogrel. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ʻo Clopidogrel i nā pēpē ma o ka waiū umauma.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ate a kīkī paha.

Inā ʻoe e nalo i kahi lāʻau:

• Lawe iā ia i ka wā hiki ke hiki, inā ʻaʻole ka manawa no kāu kau ma hope.
• Inā ʻo ka manawa kēia no kāu mahele lāʻau e hiki mai ana, e lawe i kāu nui maʻamau.
• Mai lawe i nā pila hou e pani no kahi mahele lāʻau āu i nalo ai, ke ʻole ke kauka e haʻi aku iā ʻoe.

E mālama i kēia mau lāʻau a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i kahi anuanu a me kahi maloʻo. E mālama iā lākou i kahi e hiki ʻole ai i nā keiki ke hele aku iā lākou.

Kāhea inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hopena a ʻaʻole lākou e hele.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona o ke kaheʻokoʻa ʻana, e like me ke koko i ka mimi a i ʻole nā ​​noho, nā piko ihu, nā palapū ʻē aʻe, ke kahe nui ʻana o ka ʻoki, nā papa hele ʻeleʻele, ke kuʻi nei i ke koko, ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o ke kahe maʻamau o ka wā menstrual a i ʻole ke kahe o ke kaʻi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, ka luaʻi e like me nā kope.
• Puʻupuʻu
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• ʻIke i kou umauma a i ʻole ʻehaʻeha o kou umauma
• ʻO ka pehu i kou alo a i ʻole nā ​​lima
• Ka ʻume, hives, a i ʻole ke kani ʻana i kou alo a i ʻole nā ​​lima
• Wheezing a paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
• ʻEha ʻeha loa ʻōpū
• ʻ Skinhū ʻili

Nā mea lahilahi koko - clopidogrel; Antiplatelet therapy - clopidogrel; ʻO Thienopyridines

• Kūkulu plaque i nā aʻa

Abraham NS, Hlatky MA, Antman EM, et al. ʻO ka palapala loea loea loea o ACCF / ACG / AHA 2010 e pili ana i ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o nā mea pale proton pump a me thienopyridines: kahi loiloi hou o ka ACCF / ACG / AHA 2008 palapala ʻae loea e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pilikia gastrointestinal o ka antiplatelet therapy a me ka hoʻohana NSAID: kahi hōʻike o ka Ke Kulanui ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Cardiology Foundation Force ma nā Palapala Hoʻoholo Kūpono. ʻO J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 56 (24): 2051-2066. PMID: 21126648 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21126648/.

Fihn SD, Blankenship JC, Alexander KP, et al. 2014 ACC / AHA / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS nānā nui i ka papa kuhikuhi no ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi puʻuwai ischemic paʻa: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force ma nā Kūlana Kūpono, a me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka ʻoki kino Thoracic, ʻAhahui kahu maʻi Cardiovascular Preventive, ʻAhahui no ka Angiography a me nā hana a Cardiovascular, a me ka Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Kaapuni. 2014; 130: 1749-1767. PMID: 25070666 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25070666/.

ʻO Goldstein LB. Kāohi a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hahau ischemic. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 65.

Ianuali CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. ʻO 2014 AHA / ACC / HRS alakaʻi no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka fibrillation atrial: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force e pili ana i nā kulekele hana a me ka Heart Rhythm Society. ʻO J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (21): e1-e76. PMID: 24685669 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24685669/.

Mauri L, Bhatt DL. Hoʻopili coronary pākēnē. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 62.

Meschia JF, Bushnell C, Boden-Albala B, et al. Nā ʻōkuhi no ka pale mua ʻana i ka hahau: kahi ʻōlelo no ka poʻe ʻoihana ola kino mai ka American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Hahau. 2014; 45 (12): 3754-3832. PMID: 25355838 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355838/.

ʻApōpō DA, de Lemos JA. Maʻi maʻi ischemic paʻa. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 61.

Nā Mana WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Nā ʻōkuhi no ka mālama mua ʻana o nā mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha ischemic koʻikoʻi: Hoʻohou hou ʻo 2019 i nā kulekele 2018 no ka hoʻokele mua ʻana o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ischemic koʻikoʻi: kahi alakaʻi no nā ʻoihana ola kino mai ka American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Hahau. 2019; 50 (12): e344-e418. PMID: 31662037 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31662037/.

• Angina
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Angioplasty a me stent - carotid artery
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Angioplasty a me stent - nā aʻa ākea
• ʻOki kino Aortic - invasive minimally
• ʻOki kino Aortic - wehe
• Nā kaʻina hana hoʻopau Cardiac
• ʻOki kino o Carotid artery - hāmama
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD)
• Maʻi maʻi coronary
• ʻOki kino bypass
• ʻOki kino bypass - minimally invasive
• Hewa puʻuwai
• Puʻuwai puʻuwai
• Nā pae kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe - nā mākua
• Imi i ka cardioverter-defibrillator
• ʻOki kino mitral - invasive minimally
• ʻOki kino Mitral - wehe
• Holo ke ākea peripheral - wāwae
• ʻO ka maʻi peripheral artery - nā wāwae

• Angina - hoʻokuʻu
• Angioplasty a me stent - puʻuwai - hoʻokuʻu
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Angioplasty a me stent - carotid artery - hoʻokuʻu
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Angioplasty a me stent - nā aʻa ākea - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO ka aspirin a me ka maʻi puʻuwai
• Aibrial fibrillation - hoʻokuʻu
• Ke hana nei inā loaʻa ka maʻi puʻuwai
• Catheterization Cardiac - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻOki kino aʻa Carotid - hoʻokuʻu
• Ke kaohi nei i kou kiʻekiʻe o ke koko
• Diabetes - pale i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau
• Puʻuwai puʻuwai - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻOki kino bypass - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻOki kino bypass Heart - minimally invasive - hoʻokuʻu
• Hewa ka puʻuwai - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO ke kīpoki puʻuwai puʻuwai - hoʻokuʻu
• Holo ke ākea peripheral - wāwae - hoʻokuʻu
• Hahau - hoʻokuʻu

• Kaʻi Manamana