Mea Kākau: John Stephens
Lā O Ka Hana: 21 Ianuali 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 4 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
What is hemophilia?
Wikiō: What is hemophilia?

Anter

ʻO Hemophilia A kahi maʻa maʻamau o ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi protein i hōʻemi ʻia a i ʻole hemahema i kapa ʻia ʻo VIII. Kapa ʻia ia he hemophilia kahiko a i ʻole hemahema ma ke kumu VIII. I nā hihia kakaikahi, ʻaʻole hoʻoilina ia, akā ma muli o kahi hopena pale ʻole i loko o kou kino.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka hemophilia A kahe a kahe wale ka maʻalahi, a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ko lākou koko e hana i nā clots. He ʻano laha ʻole ʻo Hemophilia A, kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi ʻaʻohe ona hoola, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia.

E heluhelu e loaʻa ai ka ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia maʻi kahe, me nā kumu, nā kumu weliweli, nā ʻōuli, a me nā pilikia kūpono.

He aha ke kumu o ka hemophilia A?

ʻO ka hemophilia A ka maʻi pinepine i ka genetical. ʻO kēia ke kumu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli (hoʻololi) i kahi ʻāpana kikoʻī. Ke hoʻoili ʻia kēia mutation, hoʻoili ʻia ia mai nā mākua i nā keiki.

ʻO ka mutation gene kikoʻī e hoʻoulu ai i ka hemophilia A ke alakaʻi i kahi hemahema i loko o kahi ʻōpala i kapa ʻia ʻo factor VIII. Hoʻohana kou kino i nā ʻano o ke kāpili like ʻole e kōkua i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā clots ma kahi ʻeha a ʻeha paha.


ʻO kahi ʻōpala kahi waiwai like me ka gel i hana ʻia i loko o kou kino i kapa ʻia nā platelets a me fibrin. Kōkua nā lole i ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe ʻana mai ka ʻeha a ʻoki a ʻae iā ia e hoʻōla. Me ka ʻole o ka mea VIII, e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe.

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, kūloko ʻo hemophilia A i loko o ke kanaka me ka ʻole o ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi. ʻIke ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he hemophilia A. Loaʻa ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻole o ke kanaka i hana hewa ʻole i nā mea pale e hoʻouka i ka mea VIII. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka hemophilia i loaʻa i ka poʻe ma waena o nā makahiki o 60 a me 80 mau makahiki a i nā wahine hāpai. Ua ʻike ʻia ka hemophilia i loaʻa e hoʻonā, ʻokoʻa ka ʻano hoʻoilina.

Pehea ka hemofilia A mai B a me C?

ʻEkolu ʻano hemophilia: A, B (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Christmas maʻi), a me C.

He like like ko Hemophilia A a me B mau ʻōuli, akā ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Hemophilia A e kahi hemahema i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea VIII. ʻO nā hopena Hemophilia B mai ka hemahema o ka mea IX.


Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hemophilia C ma muli o ka hemahema o kekahi kumu XI. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me kēia ʻano hemophilia ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a ʻaʻohe pinepine ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i nā hono a me nā mākala.ʻO ka hoʻokahe lōʻihi ke hele wale ma hope o kahi ʻeha a ʻokiʻoki. ʻAʻole like me ka hemophilia A a me B, hemophilia C ka mea maʻamau ma Ashkenazi Iudaio a pili like i nā kāne a me nā wahine.

ʻAʻole ʻo Factor VIII a me IX wale nō nā mea hoʻohui i kou kino e hana i nā clots. Hiki ke hana i nā maʻi kahe ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa nā hemahema o nā kumu I, II, V, VII, X, XII, a i ʻole XIII. Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi loa nā hemahema i loko o kēia mau kumu ʻōpili ʻē aʻe, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i kēia mau maʻi.

ʻO nā ʻano hemophilia ʻekolu a pau i manaʻo ʻia he mau maʻi liʻiliʻi, akā ʻo ka hemophilia A ka mea maʻamau o nā mea ʻekolu.

ʻO wai ka pilikia?

He kakaikahi ʻo Hemophilia - hiki wale ia i 1 wale nō o kēlā me kēia 5,000 hānau. Hana like ʻia ʻo Hemophilia A i nā lāhui a me nā lāhui āpau.

Kapa ʻia ia he kūlana pili X no ka mea ʻo ka mutation e loaʻa ai ka hemophilia A i loaʻa ma ka X chromosome. Hoʻoholo nā kāne i ka chromosome moekolohe o kahi keiki, e hāʻawi ana i kahi chromosome X i nā kaikamahine a me kahi chromosome Y i nā keiki kāne. No laila ʻo XX nā wahine a ʻo XY nā kāne.


Ke loaʻa ka makua kāne i ka hemophilia A, aia ia ma kāna X chromosome. Ke kuhi nei ka makuahine ʻaʻole he lawe a i ʻole he maʻi, ʻaʻole e hoʻoilina kahi o kāna mau keikikāne i ke ʻano, no ka mea, e loaʻa i kāna mau keikikāne kahi chromosome Y mai iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, e lawe kāna mau kaikamahine āpau no ka mea ua loaʻa iā lākou hoʻokahi chromosome X i hoʻopili ʻia e ka hemophilia mai iā ia a me kahi chromosome X i hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻia mai ka makuahine.

Loaʻa i nā wahine i hāpai i 50 pakeneka ka manawa o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mutation i kā lākou keiki, no ka mea ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi chromosome X a ʻo kekahi ʻaʻole. Inā hoʻoilina kāna mau keikikāne i ka chromosome X i hoʻopili ʻia, e loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi, ʻoiai ʻo kā lākou X chromosome X wale nō no ko lākou makuahine. ʻO nā kaikamahine e hoʻoilina i ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia mai ko lākou makuahine e lawe lākou.

ʻO ke ala wale nō e hiki ai i ka wahine ke hoʻomohala i ka hemophilia inā he hemophilia ka makuakāne a ʻo ka makuahine he lawe a i ʻole loaʻa ka maʻi pū kekahi. Pono kahi wahine i ka hoʻololi hemophilia ma nā X chromosome ʻelua e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka hemophilia A?

ʻO ka poʻe me ka hemophilia A kahe pinepine ke kahe a no ka manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻole. Hiki i ke kahe ke kūloko, e like me loko o nā hono a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, a i waho a ʻike ʻia, mai nā ʻoki. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o nā kahe e pili ana i ka nui o ke kumu VIII o ke kanaka i loko o kā lākou wai koko. ʻEkolu pae o ke koʻikoʻi:

Hemophilia koʻikoʻi

Ma kahi o 60 pākēneka o ka poʻe me ka hemophilia A i loaʻa i nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka hemophilia koʻikoʻi e komo pū me:

  • kahe koko ma hope o kahi ʻeha
  • kahe hiki ʻole
  • pilipaʻa, pehu, a ʻeha paha o nā hono i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i nā hono
  • ihu ihu
  • kahe nui ke kahe ʻana mai kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi
  • koko i ka mimi
  • ke koko i ka pahu holo
  • ʻūpā nui
  • gums kahe

Hemophilia kūwaena

Ma kahi o 15 pākēneka o ka poʻe me ka hemophilia A he hihia kaulike. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka hemophilia A kaulike e like me ka hemophilia koʻikoʻi A, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke koʻikoʻi a hana pinepine ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

  • hoʻolōʻihi ke kahe ʻana ma hope o ka ʻeha
  • kahe koko ʻole me ke kumu ʻole
  • ʻū wale
  • ʻoʻoleʻa a ʻeha pū paha

Hemophilia akahai

Ma kahi o 25 pākēneka o ka hemophilia A e manaʻo ʻia he akahai. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ʻaʻole kahi maʻi e hana a hiki i ka wā ma hope o kahi ʻeha koʻikoʻi a i ʻole kahi ʻoki. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

  • hoʻolōʻihi ke kahe ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻeha nui, trauma, a ʻoki kino paha, e like me ka hemo ʻana o ka niho
  • paopao maʻalahi a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko
  • kahe koko ʻole ʻana

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi hemophilia A?

Hana ke kauka i kahi kuhi ma ke ana ʻana i ka pae o ka hana VIII i kahi hāpana o kou koko.

Inā he moʻolelo ʻohana o ka hemophilia, a i ʻole he makuahine lawe ʻia i ʻike ʻia, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic i ka wā hāpai. Kapa ʻia kēia he prenatal diagnosis.

He aha nā pilikia o ka hemophilia A?

Hiki i ke kahe hou a me ke kahe nui ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia, keu hoʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

  • anemia koʻikoʻi
  • pōʻino hui pū
  • kahe nui ʻana o loko
  • nā maʻi neurological mai ke kahe ʻana i loko o ka lolo
  • kahi hopena pale i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā infusions o ke koko i hāʻawi ʻia pū ka mea e hoʻonui ai i kāu makaʻu o nā maʻi, e like me ka maʻi hepitis. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia mau lā hāʻawi ʻia ke koko e hoʻāʻo maikaʻi loa ma mua o ka hoʻolele ʻana.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka hemophilia A?

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hemophilia A a ʻo ka poʻe me ka maʻi e koi i ka mālama ola lōʻihi. Paipai ʻia e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi kikowaena lapaʻau hemophilia kūikawā (HTC) i nā manawa hiki. Ma waho aʻe o ka mālama ʻana, hāʻawi nā HTC i nā kumuwaiwai a me ke kākoʻo.

Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mea nalo i nalowale ma o nā transfusions. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka Factor VIII mai nā hāʻawi koko, akā hana pinepine ʻia i kēia manawa i kahi lab. Kapa ʻia kēia mea he recombinant factor VIII.

ʻO ke alapine o ka mālama ʻana e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi:

Hemophilia akahai A

ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻano palupalu o ka hemophilia A pono wale nō e pono ke hoʻololi hou ʻia ma hope o kahi hanana kahe. Kuhi ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he episodic a i ʻole koi koi ʻia. Hiki i nā infusions o kahi hōmona i ʻike ʻia ʻo desmopressin (DDAVP) ke kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kino e hoʻokuʻu i nā mea hōʻuluʻulu hou e hōʻoki i kahi hanana kahe. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia he fibrin sealants i kahi kahua ʻeha e kōkua ai i ka hoʻōla ʻana.

Hemophilia koʻikoʻi A

Loaʻa i ka poʻe me ka hemophilia koʻikoʻi A i nā infusions o ka mea VIII e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā kahe koko a me nā pilikia. Kapa ʻia kēia prophylactic therapy. Hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia mau mea maʻi e hāʻawi i nā infusions ma ka home. Pono nā hihia koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻōla kino e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe ʻana i nā hono. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, pono ka ʻoki kino.

He aha ka kuanaʻike?

Aia ka nānā i ka loaʻa ʻole ʻana o kekahi i ka lāʻau kūpono. E make nā poʻe he nui me ka hemophilia A ma mua o ka makua inā ʻaʻole lākou e mālama kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, me ka mālama pono ʻana, wānana ʻia kahi manaolana ola kokoke.

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