Nipah virus: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli, ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi Nipah

ʻO ka maʻi Nipah kahi maʻi i loaʻa i ka ʻohanaParamyxoviridae a he kuleana ia no ka maʻi o Nipah, i hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ma o ka pili pololei ʻana me nā wai a i ʻole ka excrement mai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa a i ʻole ʻaihue ʻia e kēia maʻi, a ma o ka pili ʻana o kekahi me kekahi kanaka.

Ua ʻike mua ʻia kēia maʻi i ka makahiki 1999 ma Malaysia, akā ua ʻike ʻia ia ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e like me Singapore, India a me Bangladesh, a alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona like flu e hiki ke holomua me ka hopena a me nā hopena neurological koʻikoʻi hiki ke hoʻokomo ke ola a me ka pilikia o ke kanaka.

Nā hōʻailona nui

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka maʻi me ka maʻi Nipah ke asymptomatic a i ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli palupalu i hiki ke like me ka flu a hiki ke nalo ma hope o 3 a 14 mau lā.

I ke kumu o nā maʻi i ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli, ʻike ʻia lākou ma waena o 10 a 21 mau lā ma hope o ka launa ʻana me ka maʻi, nā mea nui;

• ʻEha ʻeha;
• ʻO Encephalitis, ʻo ia ka mumū o ka lolo;
• Disorientation;
• Nualea;
• Fiva;
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo;
• Hoʻoemi i nā hana noʻonoʻo, i hiki ke holomua i ke koma ma 24 a 48 mau hola.

Hiki ke holo wikiwiki i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi Nipah, e hopena ana i nā pilikia e hiki ai ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o ke kanaka, e like me ka hopu ʻana, nā maʻi pilikino, nā hanu ʻole a me nā encephalitis make, i hopena ʻia ma muli o ka mumū o ka lolo mau loa a me nā ʻeha o ka maʻi. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka encephalitis.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

ʻO ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi e ka maʻi Nipah e pono ai e ka infectologist a i ʻole ka mea hana maʻamau mai ka loiloi mua o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona i hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka. No laila, e hōʻike ʻia paha e lawe i nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā e hoʻokaʻawale i ka maʻi a me ka serology e hōʻoia i ka maʻi a, no laila, e hoʻomaka i ka lapaʻau kūpono loa.

Eia hou, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i ka tomography compute a i ʻole tomography i helu ʻia.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

I kēia lā, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka maʻi e ka maʻi Nipah, akā hiki i ke kauka ke hōʻike i nā hana kākoʻo e like me ka nui o ka maʻi, a hoʻomaha ʻia, hydration, ventilation mechanical a i ʻole ka lāʻau hōʻailona.

Ke hana ʻia nei kekahi mau noiʻi in vitro me ka ribivirin antiviral, no laila ʻaʻohe hōʻike e loaʻa ka hana e kūʻē i ka maʻi i ka poʻe. Ke mālama ʻia nei nā noiʻi me nā monoclonal antibodies i loko o nā holoholona, ​​akā ʻaʻohe hopena hope loa. Eia hou, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i kēia maʻi, no laila e pale aku i ka maʻi e koi ʻia e hōʻalo i nā wahi endemik a me ka ʻai ʻana o nā holoholona i hiki ke maʻi ʻia i kēlā mau wahi.

ʻOiai he virus ia e kū mai nei, me ka hiki ke lilo i endemik, aia ka maʻi Nipah ma ka papa inoa makakoho o ka World Health Organisation no ka ʻike ʻana i nā lāʻau i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi a hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau no ka pale ʻana.

Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi Nipah

No ka mea ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi e kūʻē i ka maʻi Nipah a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano pale, he mea nui e mālama ʻia kekahi mau hana e hōʻemi ai i ka maʻi a me ka lawe ʻana o ka maʻi, e like me:

• Hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me nā holoholona i hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā opeapea a me nā puaʻa;
• Hōʻalo i ka ʻai ʻana o nā holoholona i loʻohia i ka maʻi, keu ʻole ke kuke pono ʻia;
• Hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me nā wai a me nā lepo mai nā holoholona a me / a i ʻole nā ​​poʻe i pā i ka maʻi Nipah;
• Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima ma hope o ka launa ʻana me nā holoholona;
• Hoʻohana o nā pale a / a i ʻole nā ​​mīkina lima i ka wā e launa pū ai me kekahi kanaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi Nipah.

Eia hou, pono ka holoi lima ʻana me ke kopa a me ka wai, no ka mea, hiki ke paipae i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o nā mea maʻi lele i loaʻa i ka lima, e like me ka maʻi Nipah a, no laila, e pale aku i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi.

E nānā i ke wikiō aʻe e pili ana i ka holoi pono ʻana i kou mau lima e pale ai i nā maʻi maʻi: