Nā hōʻoia koko e ʻike i ke kanesa

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona tumo 8 e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• 1. AFP
• 2. MCA
• 3. BTA
• 4. PSA
• 5. CA 125
• 6. Kalepona
• 7. Thyroglobulin
• 8. AEC
• Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ka hōʻoia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai

I mea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e noi ʻia ke kauka e ana i nā māka tumora, nā mea i hana ʻia e nā hunaola a i ʻole e ka tumo iho, e like me AFP a me PSA, i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i ke koko i mua o kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻIke i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona e hiki ke hōʻike i ke kanesa.

ʻO ke ana ʻana o nā māka tumo ka mea nui ʻaʻole wale e ʻike wale i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, akā e nānā pū kekahi i ka ulu ʻana o ka tumora a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻOiai nā hōʻailona tumo e hōʻike nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i kekahi mau kūlana maikaʻi ke alakaʻi i kā lākou hoʻonui ʻana, e like me ka appendicitis, prostatitis a i ʻole ka hyperplasia prostate a, no laila, i ka hapanui o nā hihia pono e hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka ʻike, e like me ultrasound a me ka resonance ʻume mākenēki. , o kahi laʻana.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻokoʻa nā kumukūʻai o nā hōʻailona tumo o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua a me ka wahine o ka mea maʻi, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i ka waiwai kuhikuhi o ka hale hōʻikeʻike. Eia pehea e maopopo ai i ka hōʻoia koko.

Nā hōʻailona tumo 8 e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻike i noi nui ʻia e ke kauka e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

1. AFP

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: ʻO Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) kahi protein i hiki ke kauoha ʻia i nā ana e noiʻi i nā tumors i loko o ka ʻōpū, ʻōpū, ovaries a i ʻole ke kū o nā metastases i ke ake.

Waiwai kūmole: ʻO ka maʻamau, ke loaʻa nā hoʻololi kolohe, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 1000 ng / ml. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia waiwai i nā hanana e like me cirrhosis a i ʻole he hepatitis mau, no ka laʻana, kokoke i 500 ng / ml kona waiwai.

2. MCA

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: Koi ʻia ʻo Carcinoma-pili mucoid antigen (MCA) e nānā no ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma. E ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma e heluhelu ai: 12 mau ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

Waiwai kūmole: I ka hapanui o nā hihia hiki ke hōʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke ʻoi aku kona waiwai ma mua o 11 U / ml i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻonui nei paha kēia waiwai i nā kūlana ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, e like me nā tumign benign o ka ovary, uterus a prostate paha.

ʻO ka maʻamau, noi nō hoʻi ke kauka i ke ana o ka marker CA 27.29 a i ʻole CA 15.3 e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a nānā i ka pane i ka lāʻau a me ka loaʻa hou o ka hoʻi. E maopopo he aha ia a pehea e hana ai i ka hōʻike CA 15.3.

3. BTA

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: Hoʻohana ʻia ka antigen tumer tumo (BTA) e kōkua ai e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a hana pinepine ʻia me NMP22 a me CEA.

Waiwai kūmole: I ke alo o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka hoʻāʻo ma mua o 1. ʻO ke kū ʻana o BTA i ka mimi, akā, hiki ke hāpai ʻia i nā pilikia liʻiliʻi e like me ka mumū o nā puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ka urethra, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi catheter bladder.

4. PSA

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: ʻO ka antigen Prostate (PSA) kahi protein i hana maʻamau ʻia no ka prostate, akā i ka hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kona nui. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana iā PSA.

Waiwai kūmole: Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka PSA i ke koko ma mua o 4.0 ng / ml, hōʻike paha ia i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a, ke ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 50 ng / ml, hōʻike paha ia i ke alo o nā metastases. Eia nō naʻe, e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai he mea pono e hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e like me ka loiloi kikoʻī kikoʻī a me ka ultrasound o ka prostate, ʻoiai e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o kēia protein i nā hanana maikaʻi. E hoʻomaopopo hou e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

5. CA 125

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: ʻO CA 125 kahi māka i hoʻohana nui ʻia e nānā i ka manawa kūpono a nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian. Pono e hele pū me nā ana o kēia māka me nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe i hiki ai ke hana i ka ʻike pololei. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka CA 125.

Waiwai kūmole: He hōʻailona maʻamau ia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian ke ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 65 U / ml. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka waiwai i ka hihia o cirrhosis, cist, endometriosis, hepatitis a i ʻole pancreatitis.

6. Kalepona

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: ʻO Calcitonin kahi homone i hana ʻia e ka thyroid a hiki ke hoʻonui nui ʻia i ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, akā ʻo ka poʻe me ka umauma a ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai paha. E ʻike pehea e hana ai i ka hoʻāʻo calcitonin.

Waiwai kūmole: He hōʻailona paha ia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 20 pg / ml, akā hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā kumukūʻai ma muli o nā pilikia e like me ka pancreatitis, ka maʻi o Paget a ʻoiai i ka wā hāpai.

7. Thyroglobulin

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo Thyroglobulin i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, akā naʻe, i mea e ʻike pono ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, e ana ʻia nā māka ʻē aʻe, e like me ka helu helu a me ka TSH, ʻo kahi laʻana, no ka mea e hoʻonui ʻia paha ka thyroglobulin a hiki i ka poʻe ʻaʻohe ona maʻi.

Waiwai kūmole: Aia nā waiwai maʻamau o kouroglobulin ma waena o 1.4 a me 78 g / ml, ma luna aʻe o ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E ʻike he aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid.

8. AEC

He aha ka mea e ʻike ai: Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai like ʻole, a hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū, e hoʻopili ana i ke kolone a i ʻole ke kiko. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū.

Waiwai kūmole: I mea e hōʻike ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, pono ke kukuna CEA i 5 mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ke kumukūʻai maʻamau, a hiki i 5 ng / mL i nā mea puhipaka a hiki i 3 ng / mL i nā poʻe puhipaka ʻole. Hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka hōʻike CEA a no ke aha ia.

Ma waho o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko, hiki ke loiloi i nā hormoni a me nā protein ʻē aʻe, e like me CA 19.9, CA 72.4, LDH, Cathepsin D, Telomerase a me chorionic kanaka Gonadotropin, no ka laʻana, i hoʻololi i nā helu kūmole ke ulu nei ka maʻi ʻaʻai. i kekahi o nā meaola.

ʻO ka resonance ʻume mākeneka

Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ka hōʻoia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai

I ke kumu o ke kānalua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, pono pono e hōʻoia i ke kuhi, i noi pinepine ʻia e ke kauka, nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi kākoʻo, e like me:

• Ultrasound: ʻIke pū ʻia ʻo ultrasound, kahi hōʻike e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā leona i loko o nā ʻāpana e like me ke ake, pancreas, spleen, nā puʻupaʻa, prostate, ka umauma, thyroid, uterus a me nā ovaries;
• Radiography: He hoʻokolokolo ia e X-ray, ka mea e kōkua ai e ʻike i nā loli i ka akemāmā, iwi kuamoo a me nā iwi;
• Kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki: He hōʻike kiʻi ia e ʻike ai i nā loli o nā meaola e like me ka umauma, nā kīʻaha koko, ke ake, ka maʻi pancreas, nā pūlima, nā puʻupaʻa a me nā adrenals.
• Heluhelu tomography: Hana ʻia ia inā aia nā loli i ka X-ray a noi pinepine ʻia e loiloi i nā akemāmā, ke ake, nā ʻāʻī, nā pancreas, nā hono a me nā pharynx, e laʻa me.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hōʻoia ma o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole, e like me ka nānā ʻana i ka mea maʻi, hōʻike koko, MRI a me biopsy, no ka laʻana.