Pākuʻi HPV: no ka mea, na wai e lawe a me nā nīnau ʻē aʻe

Anter

• ʻO wai ka mea e lawe
• 1. Ma o SUS
• 2. Ma kahi kikoʻī
• Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau āpau a me nā lāʻau
• ʻO wai ka mea hiki ʻole ke lawe
• Ka hoʻouka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma nā kula
• Nā hopena o ka lāʻau āpau
• No ke aha he mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻōki i nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine a hiki i nā makahiki 15
• Pono e hoʻokolohua ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau?
• ʻO wai ka mea e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka pale pale?
• Palekana anei ka lāʻau āpau HPV?

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau āpau e kūʻē iā HPV, a i ʻole virus virus papilloma kanaka, i mea e pale aku ai i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia maʻi, e like me nā liona ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, maʻi ʻaʻai o ka cervix, puʻuwai a me nā ʻūhū, anus a me nā warts genital. Hiki ke hāpai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hale olakino a me nā keʻena pilikino, akā hāʻawi ʻia ia e SUS ma nā keʻena olakino a me nā hoʻouka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana o ke kula.

ʻO ka lāʻau āpau i hāʻawi ʻia e SUS he quadrivalent, ka mea e pale aku i nā ʻano maʻi maʻamau o 4 o nā maʻi ʻino HPV ma Brazil. Ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau āpau, hoʻopuka ke kino i nā mea ʻino e pono ai e hakakā i ka maʻi maʻi a pēlā, inā maʻi ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomōhala i ka maʻi, pale ʻia.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke noi ʻia, ua ʻae ʻo Anvisa i kahi lāʻau āpau hou e kūʻē iā HPV, ka mea e pale aku i nā ʻano maʻi he 9.

ʻO wai ka mea e lawe

Hiki ke lawe i ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo HPV i nā ala penei:

1. Ma o SUS

Loaʻa ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā keʻena olakino, ma 2 a i 3 mau lā, i:

• ʻO nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine mai 9 a 14 mau makahiki;
• Nā kāne a me nā wahine mai 9 a 26 mau makahiki e noho nei me HIV a i ʻole AIDS, nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i kahi ʻokana, hoʻoneʻe iwi iwi a me nā poʻe e mālama nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine i pau ʻole i ka wahine puʻupaʻa, akā e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha ka hopena, no ka mea ua pili mua paha lākou i ka maʻi.

2. Ma kahi kikoʻī

Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka poʻe kahiko, akā naʻe, aia wale nō lākou i nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau pilikino. Hōʻike ʻia no:

• ʻO nā kaikamahine a me nā wahine ma waena o 9 a me 45 mau makahiki, inā ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau quadrivalent, a i ʻole kekahi mau makahiki ma mua o 9 mau makahiki, inā ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau bivalent (Cervarix);
• ʻO nā keikikāne a me nā kāne ma waena o 9 a 26 mau makahiki, me ka lāʻau lapaʻau quadrivalent (Gardasil);
• ʻO nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine ma waena o 9 a 26 mau makahiki, me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole nonavalent (Gardasil 9).

Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e nā poʻe e mālama ʻia ana a i loaʻa paha i ka maʻi HPV, no ka mea hiki ke pale aku i nā ʻano maʻi ʻino HPV, a pale aku i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā warts genital hou a me ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau āpau a me nā lāʻau

Aia kekahi mau lāʻau āpau ʻelua e kūʻē iā HPV: ka lāʻau āpau quadrivalent a me ka lāʻau āpau.

Pākuʻi quadrivalent

• He kūpono no nā wahine ma waena o 9 a 45 mau makahiki, a ʻo nā kāne ma waena o 9 a 26 mau makahiki;
• Pale aku i nā mea hoʻomaʻi 6, 11, 16 a me 18;
• Pale ia i nā wart genital, ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka cervix i nā wahine a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka peni a i ʻole ka anus i ka hihia o nā kāne;
• Hana ʻia e ka keʻena hoʻokolohua Merck Sharp & Dhome, i kapa ʻia ʻo kālepa ʻo Gardasil;
• ʻO ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia e SUS no nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine ma waena o 9 a 14 mau makahiki.
• Nā Doses: Aia nā mahele he 3, i ka papa kuhikuhi 0-2-6 mahina, me ka hopena ʻelua ma hope o 2 mau mahina a me ke kolu o ka mahele ma hope o 6 mau mahina o ka mahele mua. I nā keiki, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia i ka hopena pale me 2 mau lā wale nō, no laila hiki i kekahi o nā paukū kanikau ke hāʻawi i nā koina 2 wale nō.

E ʻike i nā ʻōkuhi no kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kaomi ʻana iā: Gardasil

Pākuʻi kūlike

• Hōʻike ʻia mai 9 mau makahiki a me ka palena ʻole o ka makahiki;
• Pale wale ia i nā maʻi he 16 a me 18, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix;
• Pale aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻeha, akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i nā warts genital;
• Hana ʻia e ka hale hana GSK, ke kūʻai aku ʻia ma ke ʻano he Cervarix;
• Nā Doses: Ke lawe ʻia a 14 mau makahiki, hana ʻia nā mahele 2 o ka lāʻau āpau, me ka lōʻihi o 6 mau mahina ma waena o lākou. No ka poʻe ma mua o 15 mau makahiki, hana ʻia nā mahele he 3, ma ka papahana 0-1-6 mahina.

E nānā hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pepa pūʻolo: Cervarix.

Lāʻau lapaʻau Nonavalent

• Hiki ke lawelawe ʻia i nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine ma waena o nā makahiki 9 a 26;
• Pale aku i ka 9 HPV subtypes virus: 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 a me 58;
• Pale aku i ka maʻi 'aʻai o ka cervix, ʻāpala, nā puʻuwai a me ka anus, a me nā warts i hoʻokumu ʻia e HPV;
• Hana ʻia ia e Merck Sharp & Dhome laboratories, ma lalo o ka inoa kālepa o Gardasil 9;
• Nā Hana: inā hana ʻia ka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua a hiki i ka makahiki 14, pono e lawelawe ʻia he 2 lāʻau, ʻo ka lua e hana ʻia ma waena o 5 a 13 mau mahina ma hope o ka mua. Inā ma hope o ka makahiki 15 o ka lāʻau āpau, pono ʻoe e hāhai i ka papa kuhikuhi 3-dosis (0-2-6 mahina), kahi e hana ʻia ai ka lua o ka mahele ma hope o 2 mau mahina a ʻo ke kolu o ka lāʻau i hana ʻia i 6 mau mahina ma hope o ka mua.

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ʻole ke lawe

ʻAʻole pono e lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau āpau HPV inā:

• Hapai, akā hiki ke lawe i ka lāʻau āpau ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a ka mea hānau hānau;
• Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano alergi i nā ʻāpana o ka lāʻau āpau;
• Inā he kuni a maʻi nui paha;
• Inā he hoʻemi i ka helu o nā platelet a me nā pilikia pili koko.

Hiki i ke koʻokoʻo hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke pale aku i ka maʻi HPV a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical, akā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia e mālama i kēia maʻi. No laila, he mea nui nō hoʻi e hoʻohana i nā condoms i nā pili pili a pau a, me ia mea, pono ka wahine e nīnau i ke gynecologist ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki a hana i nā hōʻike gynecological e like me Pap smear.

Ka hoʻouka lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma nā kula

ʻO ka lāʻau vaccine HPV kahi ʻāpana o ka papa hana hoʻokiʻoki, manuahi i ka SUS no nā kaikamahine a me nā keikikāne ma waena o 9 a 14 mau makahiki. I ka 2016, ua hoʻomaka ʻo SUS e wī i nā keikikāne mai 9 a 14 mau makahiki, e like me ka wā mua i loaʻa wale i kēlā mau makahiki he 12 a 13 mau makahiki.

Pono nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamāhine i kēia makahiki e lawe i 2 mahele o ka lāʻau āpau, ka loaʻa o ka mahele lāʻau mua i nā kula lehulehu a me nā kula pilikino a i ʻole nā ​​kauka olakino lehulehu. Pono e lawe i ka mahele lāʻau 2 ma kahi ola olakino 6 mau mahina ma hope o ke kau wili mua a i ʻole ʻelua i hāpai ʻia e SUS.

Nā hopena o ka lāʻau āpau

Hiki i ka lāʻau vaccine HPV ke loaʻa i nā ʻaoʻao ʻeha ʻeha, ʻulaʻula a pehu paha ma ke kahua o ka nahu, hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi me ka noi ʻana i kahi ʻiliʻili hau, pale ʻia me kahi lole, ma kahi koke. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ka lāʻau vaccine HPV ke hōʻeha i ka maʻi poʻo, puhī, nausea, luaʻi a me ka fiva ma luna o 38ºC, hiki ke kaohi ʻia me kahi antipyretic e like me Paracetamol, no ka laʻana. Inā kānalua ke kanaka i ke kumu o ke kuni, pono ʻo ia e hoʻopili i ke kauka.

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau kaikamahine i ka loli i ka noʻonoʻo o ko lākou mau wāwae a me ka paʻakikī e hele wāwae, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o kēia hopena e ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, e pili ana paha i nā kumu ʻē aʻe e like me ka hopohopo a makaʻu paha i nā nila. laʻana. ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia nā hoʻololi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e nā noiʻi ʻepekema.

E nānā i ka wikiō e hiki mai ana a hoʻomaopopo i ka mea nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana no ke olakino.

No ke aha he mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻōki i nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine a hiki i nā makahiki 15

Kuhikuhi nā ʻepekema ʻepekema ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau HPV ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka poʻe i hoʻomaka ʻole ke ola moekolohe, a no laila, pili wale ʻo SUS i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ma waena o 9 a 14 mau makahiki, akā naʻe, hiki i kēlā me kēia mea ke lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. i nā keʻena kūikawā.

Pono e hoʻokolohua ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau?

ʻAʻole pono e hana i nā hoʻokolohua e nānā ai i ka maʻi maʻi HPV ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau āpau, akā he mea nui e ʻike he maikaʻi ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka poʻe i pili mua ka pilina.

ʻO wai ka mea e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka pale pale?

ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe i lawe i nā ʻāluna ʻelua o ka lāʻau āpau e hoʻohana mau i ka pale pale ma ka pili pilikino āpau no ka mea ʻaʻole pale kēia pale i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe, e like me AIDS a syphilis paha.

Palekana anei ka lāʻau āpau HPV?

Hōʻike ʻia kēia palekana i kahi palekana i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua a, ʻoiai, ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻia ʻana i nā poʻe i nā ʻāina he nui, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia i nā hopena ʻino e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana.

Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka poʻe e makaʻu a hopohopo paha i ka wā o ka lāʻau ʻana a make paha, akā ʻaʻole pili pono kēia mea i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i noi ʻia, akā i ka ʻōnaehana naʻau o ke kanaka.