ʻO Microwaves: Pane ʻia kāu mau nīnau

Anter

• He aha ka hopena o ka meaʻai ke kuke ʻia i loko o ka hawewe?
• He aha nā loli molekole, inā he mea, e kū i ka meaʻai ke microwaved?
• He aha nā hoʻololi o ke olakino, inā loaʻa, i ka meaʻai ke microwaved?
• He aha nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai microwaving?
• Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ulu nā mea kanu i hāʻawi ʻia i ka wai microwaved. Kūpono paha kēia?
• Aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka umu-a i ʻole ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka umu a me ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka microwave?

I nā makahiki 1940, ua hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Percy Spencer ma Raytheon i kahi magnetron - he mea hana e hana ai i nā microwaves - ke ʻike ʻo ia ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kahi pahu ʻume i kāna ʻeke.

ʻO kēia ʻike kuhi hewa ʻole e alakaʻi iā ia e hoʻomohala i ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei i kēia manawa ʻo ka umu umu o kēia lā I loko o nā makahiki, ua lilo kēia lako kīhini i mea hou aku e maʻalahi ai ka hana home.

Eia nō naʻe nā nīnau e pili ana i ka palekana o nā ʻalā uila. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pāhawewe e kēia mau umu no nā kānaka? Ke luku nei ka radiation like i nā meaʻai i kā mākou meaʻai? A pehea kēlā hoʻopaʻa hana ma luna o nā mea kanu i hānai ʻia i ka wai wela-wela (ʻoi aku ma kēia ma hope)?

No ka pane ʻana i kekahi o nā nīnau e makemake nui ʻia (a me ke kaomi ʻana) e hoʻopuni ana i nā microwaves, ua noi mākou i ka manaʻo o ʻekolu mau kauka lapaʻau: Natalie Olsen, RD, LD, ACSM EP-C, kahi mea kākau i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a me ka physiologist hoʻoikaika kino; Natalie Butler, RD, LD, he papaʻai meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia; lāua ʻo Karen Gill, MD, he kauka lapaʻau.

Eia kā lākou i ʻōlelo ai.

He aha ka hopena o ka meaʻai ke kuke ʻia i loko o ka hawewe?

Natalie Olsen: ʻO nā microwaves kahi ʻano nonionizing electromagnetic radiation a hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomehana i nā meaʻai me ka wikiwiki. Hoʻokumu lākou i nā mole e haʻalulu a kūkulu i ka ikehu wela (wela).

Wahi a ka FDA, ʻaʻohe lawa o ka ikehu o kēia ʻano radiation e kīkē ai i nā electrons mai nā ʻoma. He ʻokoʻa kēia i ka radiation ionizing, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻoma a me nā moleola a hōʻino i nā pūnaewele.

Natalie Butler: Hāʻawi ʻia nā nalu uila uila, a i ʻole nā ​​hawewe, e kahi paipu uila i kapa ʻia he magnetron. Hoʻopomo ʻia kēia mau nalu e nā mole wai i loko o ka meaʻai, e haʻalulu wikiwiki ana [nā mole], a laila hopena i nā meaʻai wela.

Karen Gill: Hoʻohana nā umu uila i nā hawewe electromagnetic o kahi lōʻihi kikoʻī a me ke alapine e wela ai a kuke ai i ka meaʻai. Hoʻopili kēia mau nalu i nā mea kikoʻī, e hoʻohana ana i ko lākou ikehu e hana i ka wela, a ʻo ka wai nui ia i kāu meaʻai e hoʻomehana ʻia.

He aha nā loli molekole, inā he mea, e kū i ka meaʻai ke microwaved?

AʻOLE: Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā loli molekika liʻiliʻi loa me ka microwaving, no ka haʻahaʻa o ka nalu o ka ikehu i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻOiai manaʻo ʻia lākou he nalu nonionizing, ʻaʻole loli nā kemika i nā mole i ka meaʻai.

Ke hoʻomehana ʻia ka meaʻai i loko o ka hawewe, lawe ʻia ka ikehu i loko o ka meaʻai, e hoʻoulu ana i nā iona o ka meaʻai a [hoʻohuli] i nā collision mini. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka paio a no laila wela. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻololi kemikal a i ʻole ke kino wale nō i ka meaʻai ka mea i wela ʻia i kēia manawa.

NB: Piʻi wikiwiki nā mole wai i nā meaʻai microwaved i ka wā e omo ai lākou i nā nalu radiation electromagnetic. ʻO nā meaʻai microwaved i kuke ʻia a kuke ʻia hoʻi e loaʻa i kahi ʻano rubbery, maloʻo loa ma muli o ka neʻe wikiwiki a me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi wikiwiki o nā mole wai.

KG: Hoʻokumu nā Microwaves i nā neʻe o ka wai e neʻe wikiwiki a hoʻonā i ka hakakā ma waena o lākou - hana kēia i ka wela. Hoʻololi nā mole wai i ka polarity, ʻike ʻia ʻo "flipping," i ka pane ʻana i ka māla electromagnetic i hana ʻia e nā microwaves. Ke pio ka microwave, ua pau ka māla ikehu a kū ka mole o ka wai i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka polarity.

He aha nā hoʻololi o ke olakino, inā loaʻa, i ka meaʻai ke microwaved?

AʻOLE: Ke hoʻomehana ʻia, e haki kekahi mau meaʻai i ka meaʻai, me ka nānā ʻole inā kuke ʻia i loko o ka hawewe, ma kahi umu, a i ʻole i ka umu. ʻO kēlā, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Harvard Health i ka meaʻai i kuke ʻia no ka manawa pōkole loa o ka manawa, a hoʻohana i kahi wai liʻiliʻi e hiki ai, e mālama pono i nā mea momona. Hiki i kahi hawewe ke hoʻokō i kēia, no ka mea he wikiwiki ia i ke kuke ʻana.

Hoʻokahi o ka noi 2009 i hoʻohālikelike i ka nalo ʻana o ka nutrient mai nā ʻano hana kuke ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka griddling, ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o ka microwave, a me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana [nā ʻano hana] e hoʻohua i nā lilo loa o nā mea momona a me nā antioxidant.

NB: Hoʻoemi ʻia ka ʻike o ka wai ma loko o ka meaʻai microwaved i ka wela wikiwiki ʻana. Ke kuke a kuke ʻia paha i ka hawewe uila, makemake ʻole ʻia ka ʻano meaʻai. Hiki i ka protein ke lilo i rubbery, palupalu nā ʻano crispy, a maloʻo nā mea momona.

Pēlā nō, ʻo ka wikamina C kahi wikamina hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa e ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o ka microwave ma mua o ka kuke ʻana i ka convection. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o ka microwave e hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka antioxidant (nā wikamina a me nā hoʻāno o ka phytonutrient o kekahi mau mea kanu), hiki iā lākou ke mālama i nā meaola ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā mea kanu like ma mua o nā ʻano kuke kuke, e like me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana a me ka palai ʻana.

Hiki i ka Microwave ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka maʻi bacteria o ka meaʻai, kahi hiki ke lilo i ʻano pono o ka pasteurization a me ka palekana o ka meaʻai. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻulaʻula microwaving ma mua o ka mahu ʻana no ka pale ʻana akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hoʻāʻo e mālama i ka lāʻau C.

Mālama maikaʻi ʻo Microwaving i ka quercetin, kahi flavonoid i ka cauliflower, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana iā kaempferol, kahi flavonoid ʻokoʻa, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mahu.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka microwaving i kālika ʻia no 60 kekona e kāohi nui i kāna ʻike allicin, kahi hui anticancer ikaika. Ua ʻike ʻia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e hoʻomaha i ke kālika no 10 mau minuke ma hope o ka wāwahi ʻana iā ia, pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā allicin i ka wā o ka kuke kuke ʻana.

KG: ʻO nā ʻano hana āpau o ke kuke ʻana i nā meaʻai i kumu e lilo ai kekahi mau mea momona ma muli o ka hoʻomehana ʻana. Maikaʻi ka meaʻai Microwave no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea momona no ka mea ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi nui o ka wai keu (e like me ka paila ʻana) a me kāu kuke meaʻai no kahi manawa pōkole.

Kūpono kūpono nā mea kanu no ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka microwave, no ka mea kiʻekiʻe lākou i ka wai a, no laila, kuke wikiwiki, me ka ʻole o ka wai hou. He like kēia me ka mahu, akā ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki.

He aha nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai microwaving?

AʻOLE: Ua hāʻawi ka Scientific American i kahi wehewehe mai Anuradha Prakash, ke kākoʻo polofesa o ka ʻOihana ʻEpekema Meaʻai a me Nutr ma ke Kulanui ʻo Chapman, ka mea i hōʻike ʻaʻole lawa nā hōʻike e kākoʻo ai i ka olakino olakino o kekahi kanaka e ka microwave.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia, "e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻaʻohe hopena o ka microwaves i ka meaʻai." I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahana o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻohe mea liʻiliʻi i ka hopena ʻole.

NB: Hiki i nā ipu meaʻai pālahalaha e hoʻomoʻa i ka microwaved i nā mea ʻino ʻino i loko o ka meaʻai a pono e hōʻalo ʻia - e hoʻohana i ke kīʻaha ma kahi. Hiki paha ke kahe uila me ka maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia, hewa, a i ʻole nā ​​microwaves kahiko, no laila e kū ma kahi o ʻeono ʻīniha mai ka microwave i ke kuke ʻana.

KG: ʻAʻohe hopena pōkole a lōʻihi paha mai ka meaʻai microwaving. ʻO ka makaʻu nui loa me nā wai microwaving a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai me ka nui o ka wai e hiki iā lākou ke wela mehana a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mahana.

E hoʻoulu mau i nā meaʻai a me nā wai ma hope o ka microwaving iā lākou a ma mua o ka nānā ʻana i ka mahana. Eia kekahi, koho i nā ipu uila-palekana no ka hoʻomehana a me ka kuke ʻana.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ulu nā mea kanu i hāʻawi ʻia i ka wai microwaved. Kūpono paha kēia?

AʻOLE: Ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia nalu. Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i ka hopena o nā mea kanu i ke ala maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai microwaved. Ua hōʻike ʻia hiki i ka pāhawewe ma nā mea kanu ke hoʻopili i ko lākou ʻano a me ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike nui ʻia me ka radiation ionizing (a i ʻole radiation radiation kiʻekiʻe) [ma kahi] me ka pāhawewe e hoʻopuka ʻia e nā microwaves (nonionizing, low energy).

NB: ʻO ka papahana ʻepekema maoli i aʻo i ka hopena o ka wai o ka microwave i nā mea kanu i hele i viral i ka makahiki 2008. A hiki i kēia lā, ke kānalua ʻia nei ka wai microwaved.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka wai microwaved i loko o kekahi mau noiʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi maoli i ka ulu a me nā germination, e like me nā ʻano o nā hua moa, ʻoiai he hopena ʻē aʻe i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, no ka loli paha o ka pH, ka hana mineral, a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka mole wai.

Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻē aʻe i nā hopena kūʻē i ka ʻike chlorophyll o nā mea kanu: Ua hoʻemi kekahi mau mea kanu i ke kala a me nā ʻike o ka chlorophyll i ka wā i hoʻoinu ʻia me ka wai microwaved, ʻoiai ua hōʻike nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o ka chlorophyll. ʻIke ʻia ua maʻalahi kekahi mau mea kanu i ka radiation radiation ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

KG: ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole pololei kēia. Ke hele nei kēia kaʻao no nā makahiki he nui a ʻike ʻia mai kahi hoʻokolohua ʻepekema i manaʻo ʻia o kahi keiki. ʻO ka wai i wela ʻia i loko o ka hawewe a laila hoʻomaʻalili like ia me kēlā wai ma mua o ka wela.ʻAʻohe loli mau o ka hanana mole o ka wai ke wela ʻia i loko o kahi hawewe.

Aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka umu-a i ʻole ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka umu a me ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka microwave?

AʻOLE: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o nā umu uila mai ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka meaʻai mai loko a waho, ma kahi o waho, e like me ka umu a me ka umu. No laila, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka meaʻai i moʻa ʻia ma ke kapuahi a i ʻole ka umu e kūʻē i ka microwave ka manawa kuke.

Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO), ʻo ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka umu hawewe e like me ka palekana a he waiwai waiwai like me nā meaʻai i kuke ʻia ma ke kapuahi.

NB: ʻAe, hiki ke ana ʻia nā ʻokoʻa o ka meaʻai i kuke ʻia i loko o ka hawewe a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e ka nui o ke kala, ke ʻano, ka ʻū o ka wai, a me ka polyphenol a i ʻole ka huaola.

KG: Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole. Ke ʻano o nā meaʻai āu e kuke ai, ka nui o ka wai i hoʻohui ʻia e kuke iā ia, a me ka ipu āu e hoʻohana ai hiki ke hoʻopili i nā manawa kuke a me ka nui o nā meaola i nalowale i ka wā kuke.

Hiki ke ʻoi aku ka olakino o ka meaʻai Microwaved ma muli o nā manawa kuke pōkole a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pono no ka momona, aila, a me ka wai e pono ai no ka kuke ʻana.

ʻO Natalie Olsen kahi kahu hānai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a me ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻoikaika kino i loea i ka mālama maʻi a me ka pale ʻana. Nānā ʻo ia i ke kaulike ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino me kahi ʻano meaʻai holoʻokoʻa. ʻElua ona kekelē laepua no ka Health and Wellness Management a ma Dietetics, a he mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻoikaika kino hoʻoikaika kino ACSM. Hana ʻo Natalie ma Apple ma ke ʻano he dietitian pono ʻoihana, a ke kūkākūkā nei i kahi kikowaena olakino i kapa ʻia ʻo Alive + ʻĀ, a ma o kāna ʻoihana ponoʻī ma Austin, Texas. Ua koho balota ʻia ʻo Natalie ma waena o nā "Nutristies Maikaʻi loa ma Austin" na ka makasina ʻo Austin Fit. Hauʻoli ʻo ia ma waho, ka wā mehana, hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā hale ʻaina hou, a me ka huakaʻi ʻana.

ʻO Natalie Butler, RDN, LD, he meaʻai i ka puʻuwai a pīhoihoi e kōkua i ka poʻe e ʻike i ka mana o ka hānai ʻana, nā meaʻai maoli me ke koʻikoʻi i ka papaʻai kaumaha. Ua puka ʻo ia mai ke Kulanui ʻo Stephen F. Austin State ma ka hikina o Texas a loea i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana a me nā papa ʻaʻai a me ke olakino olakino. He meaʻai meaʻai ʻoihana ʻo ia no Apple, Inc., ma Austin, Texas, a mālama pū kekahi i kāna hana pilikino ponoʻī, Nutrbynatalie.com. ʻO kāna wahi hauʻoli kona lumi kuke, māla, a me nā mea nui ma waho, a makemake ʻo ia i ke aʻo ʻana i kāna mau keiki ʻelua e kuke, māla, ʻeleu, a hauʻoli i ke ola olakino.

He kauka kauka ʻo Kauka Karen Gill. Ua puka ʻo ia mai ke Kulanui o Kaleponi Hema. ʻO kona mākaukau e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū, ka hānai ʻana, ka pale ʻana i ka momona, a me ka hiamoe a me ka pilikia o ke keiki. Ua noho ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he noho o ka ʻOihana Pediatrics ma ka Haukapila Hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Woodland. He preceptor lapaʻau ʻo ia me ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, Davis, e aʻo nei i nā haumāna i ka papahana kōkua kauka. Ke hana nei ʻo ia ma ka Mission Neighborhood Health Center, e lawelawe ana i nā poʻe Latino o ka moku Misiona ma Kapalakiko.