Thoracotomy: he aha ia, ʻano a me nā hōʻailona

Anter

• Nā ʻano o ka thoracotomy
• Nā hopena ʻē aʻe

ʻO Thoracotomy kahi hana ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka wehe ʻana i ka hakahaka o ka umauma a hiki ke hana ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka pahu, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ke ala pololei loa o ke komo ʻana i ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia a me kahi ākea i lawa e ʻae ai i kahi kahua hana maikaʻi, e pale ana. pōʻino o ke kino.

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka thoracotomy, pono e hoʻokō ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻokena e kiʻi ʻia a me nā kaʻina hana e pono ai e hana, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kālailai a lawe aku paha i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha i hōʻeha ʻia, kaohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana, mālama i ka embolism gas, hana lomilomi naʻau, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻano o ka thoracotomy

Aia he 4 mau ʻano like ʻole o ka thoracotomy, e pili ana i ka ʻāina kahi i hana ʻia ai ka ʻokiʻoki.

• ʻO ka Posterolateral thoracotomy: ʻo kēia ke kaʻina hana maʻamau loa, a me ke ʻano i hoʻohana mau ʻia e kiʻi i nā akemāmā, e lawe i kahi māmā a i ʻole ʻāpana o kahi māmā ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I kēia wā ʻoki kino, hana ʻia kahi ʻokiʻoki ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka umauma i ke kua, ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā iwi ʻaoʻao, a he mea pono paha e hemo i hoʻokahi o lākou i mea e ʻike ai i ka akemāmā.
• ʻO ka thoracotomy waena: I kēia ʻano thoracotomy, hana ʻia ka ʻokiʻoki ma ka sternum, i mea e wehe ai i ka pahu. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ke kaʻina hana ke hana ʻia ka ʻoki puʻuwai.
• Axillary thoracotomy: I kēia ʻano thoracotomy, hana ʻia kahi ʻoki i ka ʻāpana o ka armpit, kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai e mālama i ka pneumothorax, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kū ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka lua pleura, ma waena o ka paia māmā a me ka umauma.
• Anterolateral thoracotomy: Hoʻohana maʻamau kēia hana i nā hihia pilikia, kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i mua o ka umauma, pono paha ma hope o ka trauma i ka umauma a i ʻole e ʻae pololei i ka puʻuwai ma hope o ka hopu ʻia o ka naʻau.

Nā hopena ʻē aʻe

ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia i hiki ke hana ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kahi thoracotomy:

• Ventilation ma hope o ʻoki kino;
• Air leakage, e koi ana i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o kahi pahu pahu ma hope o ke kaʻina hana;
• Maʻi kīnā;
• Kaheʻe ʻana o ke koko;
• Ke hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā huʻa koko;
• Nā pilikia ma muli o ka anesthesia laulā;
• Ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole arrhythmia;
• Nā hoʻololi o nā kaula leo;
• Fistula Bronchopleural;

Hoʻohui ʻia, i kekahi mau hihia, ʻo ka ʻāina kahi i hana ʻia ai ka thoracotomy hiki ke hana i ka ʻeha no ka manawa lōʻihi ma hope o ke kaha ʻana. I kēia mau hihia, a i ʻole inā ʻike ke kanaka i kahi anomaly i ka wā hoʻōla, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kauka.