Nā ʻano nui o ka anemia a pehea e mālama ai

Anter

• 1. Nā anemias Macrocytic
• Anemia Megaloblastic
• Anemia Fanconi
• Anemia anela
• 2. Nā anemias Microcytic
• Anemia hemahema hao
• Thalassemia
• 3. Nā anemia Normosittic
• Hemolytic anemia
• Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Anemia anplastic

ʻO ka Anemia kahi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka hōʻemi ʻana o hemoglobin i ke kahe o ke koko, hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mau kumu he nui, mai ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka genetic i ka papaʻai maikaʻi ʻole. E hoʻomaopopo a hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia o ka anemia, kauoha pinepine ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e loiloi i ka nui o ka hemoglobin, e manaʻo ʻia he anemia ke emi ka waiwai ma mua o 12 g / dL i nā wahine a i ʻole 13 g / dL i nā kāne.

A laila, pono paha e hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hemoglobin electrophoresis, ka helu reticulositte a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo stool, e ʻike ai i ke ʻano pololei o ka anemia, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau kūpono. ʻO nā mea āpau o ke kanaka, he mea nui ia e hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea he hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia e hopena ai i ka lolo i hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia, e like me ka dementia, ka hahau a me nā pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai, no ka laʻana.

Wahi a nā hiʻona o ka anemia a me nā hopena hōʻike koko, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka anemia i kekahi mau ʻano nui, ʻo ia hoʻi:

1. Nā anemias Macrocytic

ʻO nā anemias Macrocytic nā mea e nui ai ka erythrocytes ma mua o ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ma ka hōʻike VCM (Average Corpuscular Volume) ma luna o ka helu kuhikuhi, aia ma waena o 80 a me 100 fl. ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā anemias macrocytic:

Anemia Megaloblastic

ʻO ia kahi ʻano anemia i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui maʻamau o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haʻahaʻa vitamina B12, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i nā mea ʻai. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻōuli maʻamau, aia paha he ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū, nalowale ka lauoho, luhi a me nā ʻeha o ka waha, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e mālama ai: hoʻonui i ka lawe ʻana o nā meaʻai me ka huaʻai B12, e like me ka ʻōlio, ka salemona a me ka steak ate a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā huaʻina B12, i kūʻai ʻia ma ka hale kūʻai lāʻau. Maopopo ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia megaloblastic.

Anemia Fanconi

ʻO ia kahi ʻano anemia genetika i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui maʻamau o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hemahema o ka huaʻai B12. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻōuli me ka ʻeha i loko o ka ʻōpū, nalowale ka lauoho, luhi a me nā ʻeha o ka waha, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e mālama ai: Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā corticosteroids, akā pono paha e hana i ke koko a hiki i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka iwi iwi, i nā hihia ʻoi loa. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano lapaʻau.

Anemia anela

ʻO ka anemia Pernicious kahi ʻano meemia an megaloblastic e hana ʻia i ka wā e ʻai ai ke kanaka i ka wikamina B12, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke omo iā ia, kahi e hopena ai i ka hōʻino neurological koʻikoʻi inā ʻaʻohe mālama kūpono.

Pehea e mālama ai: ma muli o ka paʻakikī i ke omo ʻana i ka wikamina B12, pono e hana ʻia me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā huaora i loko o ka aa i loko o ka makahiki. E ʻike pehea e ʻike ai a mālama ai i ka anemia makehewa.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka anemia ʻino ma ka wikiō aʻe:

2. Nā anemias Microcytic

ʻO nā anemias Microcytic kahi i liʻiliʻi ai ka erythrocytes ma mua o ka maʻamau, me ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka CMV a me ka hemoglobin i loko o nā erythrocytes. ʻO nā anemias microcytic nui:

Anemia hemahema hao

ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻano anemia maʻamau, i kumu ʻia e ka ʻai haʻahaʻa me nā mea hao, e like me ka ʻulaʻula, ka hua manu a me ka milo. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia ʻano anemia ke ala aʻe ma hope o ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ka menstruation nui, ma muli o ka nalo o ka hao i ke koko.

Pehea e mālama ai: mālama mau ʻia ia me kahi papaʻai waiwai i nā meaʻai me ka hao a me ka hoʻohui hao. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi wale nō ka pono o ke kōpili ʻana i ke koko. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana no ka anemia hemahema hao.

Thalassemia

ʻO Thalassemia kahi ʻano o ka anemia microcytic i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli kūpuna i hopena i nā hemahema i ke kaʻina hana hemoglobin, i hiki ai ke luhi, hoʻonāukiuki, ulu ʻana o ka ulu, nele i ka makemake ʻole a hoʻonāwaliwali hoʻi i ka ʻōnaehana pale, no ka laʻana.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Thalassemia i kekahi mau ʻano e like me ke kaulahao hemoglobin i hōʻino ʻia kona ulu ʻana, a he kumu ia e hōʻemi ʻia ai nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka. E aʻo pehea e ʻike ai i kēlā me kēia ʻano thalassemia.

Pehea e mālama ai: he mea nui e ʻike he aha ke ʻano o ka thalassemia no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana a pēlā e pale ai i ka holomua o ka maʻi. Eia hou, he mea nui e hana ʻia kahi papaʻai kūpono e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ʻano o ke ola a hōʻoia i ka manaʻo o ke olakino.

3. Nā anemia Normosittic

ʻO nā anemia Normocytic nā mea maʻamau ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka hopena o VCM a me HCM kokoke i ka palena maʻamau a i ʻole e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano iki e pili ana i nā waiwai maʻamau. ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka anemia normocytic:

Hemolytic anemia

Hoʻopuka kēia ʻano anemia i nā mea ʻino e hōʻino ai i nā hunaola koko. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne a hana i nā ʻōuli e like me ka pallor, ka poni ʻana, nā kaha poni ma ka ʻili, ka ʻili maloʻo a me nā maka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. E ʻike i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano anemia.

Pehea e mālama ai: ʻo ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia kēia anemia a hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau corticosteroids a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau immunosuppressive. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka palapū.

Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO ia kahi anemia genetic i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e kumu ai nā ʻōuli e like me ka jaundice, ka pehu ʻana i nā lima a me nā wāwae a me ka ʻeha a puni ke kino.

Pehea e mālama ai: hana ʻia ka lapaʻau me nā lāʻau e hoʻōla i nā ʻōuli o kēlā me kēia kanaka, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau e hiki ke hoʻōla i kēia ʻano anemia.

Anemia anplastic

He maʻi maʻi autoimmune ia e hoʻolohi ai ka iwi iwi i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko, e hana ana i nā ʻōuli e like me ka ʻeha ma ka ʻili, pinepine i ka palapū a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe e lōʻihi ana ka lōʻihi.

Pehea e mālama ai: hana ʻia kāna lapaʻau me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka iwi iwi a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke koko, ke mālama ʻole ʻia ia, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make ma lalo o 1 makahiki.