Anemia Sickle Cell

Anter

• He aha nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi anemia?
• He aha nā ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi?
• ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SS
• ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SC
• Hemoglobin SB + (beta) thalassemia
• Hemoglobin SB 0 (Beta-zero) thalassemia
• Hemoglobin SD, hemoglobin SE, a me hemoglobin SO
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele paʻapū
• ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu ʻole i ka anemia ʻaukā sickle?
• He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke ala aʻe mai ka anemia maʻi sickle?
• Anemia ʻaʻano koʻikoʻi
• Syndrome wawae lima
• Hoʻokaʻawale Splenic
• Hoʻonui lohi
• Nā pilikia Neurological
• Nā pilikia maka
• Ulcer ʻili
• ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi o ka umauma
• Maʻi lolo
• Priapism
• Nā Pohaku
• Maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi anemia o ka cell sickle?
• ʻO ka moʻolelo hoʻomanawanui kikoʻī
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko
• Hb uila uila
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi anemia maʻi maʻi?
• Mālama home
• He aha ka wā lōʻihi e nānā ai no ka maʻi maʻi cell?
• Nā Kumuwaiwai ʻatikala

He aha ka maʻi anemia o ka cell sickle?

ʻO ka anemia cell Sickle, a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi sickle (SCD), he maʻi maʻi ia o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (RBC). ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā RBC e like me nā disk, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā lākou i ka maʻalahi e hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi loa. Eia nō naʻe, me kēia maʻi, loaʻa i nā RBC kahi ʻano crescent ʻokoʻa e like me ka pahi. Hoʻopili kēia a paʻa a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka paʻa ʻana i nā moku liʻiliʻi, nā mea e ālai i ke koko mai ka hōʻea ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka ʻeha a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻaʻa.

ʻO SCD kahi kūlana recessive autosomal. Pono ʻoe i ʻelua kope o ka ʻaoʻao i loaʻa ka maʻi. Inā hoʻokahi wale nō kope o ka moʻokūʻauhau, ʻōlelo ʻia iā ʻoe he ʻano maʻi pūnana.

He aha nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi anemia?

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi anemia o ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā ʻōpio. Hōʻike ʻia paha lākou i nā pēpē ma mua o 4 mau mahina, akā e hana mau ʻia ma kahi o ka māka 6 mahina.

ʻOiai he nui nā ʻano o ka SCD, he mau hōʻailona like ko lākou āpau, ka mea i loli i ke koʻikoʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• luhi nui a huhū paha, mai ka anemia
• fussiness, i loko o nā pēpē
• bedwetting, mai pili nā pilikia hakuʻala
• jaundice, ka mea melemele o nā maka a me ka ʻili
• pehu a ʻeha ma nā lima a me nā wāwae
• nā maʻi pinepine
• ʻeha ma ka umauma, kua, lima, a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae

He aha nā ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi?

ʻO Hemoglobin ka protein i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen. Loaʻa iā ia nā kaulahao alpha ʻelua a me nā kaulahao beta ʻelua. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano nui ʻehā o ka anemia maʻi maʻi e nā hoʻololi like ʻole i kēia mau genes.

ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SS

ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SS ka maʻi maʻamau loa o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. Aia a loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kope o ka moʻomeheu hemoglobin S mai nā mākua ʻelua. Hana ʻia kēia hemoglobin i kapa ʻia ʻo Hb SS. ʻOiai ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka SCD, ʻike ka poʻe me kēia palapala i nā ʻōuli ʻoi loa ma kahi kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SC

ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SC ka lua o ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Aia a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻohana Hb C mai kekahi makua a me ka ʻāpana Hb S mai kekahi. Loaʻa i nā kānaka me ka Hb SC nā hōʻailona like i kēlā me kēia kanaka me Hb SS. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi o ka anemia.

Hemoglobin SB + (beta) thalassemia

Hemoglobin SB + (beta) pili ka thalassemia i ka hana ʻana o ka gen globin beta. Hoʻoemi ʻia ka nui o ke kaola ʻulaʻula no ka mea ʻaʻole hana ʻia ka protein beta. Inā hoʻoilina ʻia me ka ʻāpana Hb S, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hemoglobin S beta thalassemia. ʻAʻole ikaika nā ʻōuli.

Hemoglobin SB 0 (Beta-zero) thalassemia

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi beta-zero thalassemia ka hā o nā ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili pū ia i ka gen globin beta. Loaʻa iā ia nā hōʻailona like me ka Hb SS anemia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa nā hōʻailona o ka beta zero thalassemia. Pili ʻia ia me kahi wānana ʻilihuna maikaʻi ʻole.

Hemoglobin SD, hemoglobin SE, a me hemoglobin SO

ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi a ʻaʻohe o nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele paʻapū

ʻO ka poʻe e loaʻa wale kahi moʻomeheu mutated (hemoglobin S) mai kekahi makua i ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻano maʻi pahi kākela. ʻAʻohe o lākou mau ʻōuli a hōʻemi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli.

ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu ʻole i ka anemia ʻaukā sickle?

Aia wale nō ka makaʻu o nā keiki no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi inā lawe nā mākua ʻelua i ke ʻano o ka cell sickle. ʻO kahi hōʻoia koko i kapa ʻia he hemoglobin electrophoresis hiki ke hoʻoholo i kahi ʻano āu e hāpai ai.

ʻO ka poʻe mai nā wahi i loaʻa i ka malaria endemikia ka mea lawe. Hoʻopili kēia i nā poʻe mai:

• ʻApelika
• Inia
• ke Kaiwaenahonua
• Saudi 'Alapia

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke ala aʻe mai ka anemia maʻi sickle?

Hiki i ka SCD ke hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, i ʻike ʻia ke pale nā ​​hunaola maʻi i nā moku i nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino. Kapa ʻia nā ālai ʻeha a hōʻino paha i nā pilikia cell cellle. Hiki iā lākou ke kumu ʻia e nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, me:

• maʻi
• nā hoʻololi i ka mahana
• hoʻoluhi
• hydration maikaʻi ʻole
• kiʻekiʻe

ʻO nā aʻe nā ʻano o nā pilikia i hiki ke hopena i ka maʻi anemia maʻi.

Anemia ʻaʻano koʻikoʻi

Anemia mea he hemahema o RBCs. Uha maʻalahi nā pūnaewele maʻi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia wāwahi hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o RBCs he hemolysis mau. Noho ka RBC ma kahi o 120 mau lā. Noho nā hunaola Sickle no ka palena o 10 a 20 mau lā.

Syndrome wawae lima

Kū ka maʻi wawae lima ke keʻakeʻa nā RBC i nā kīʻaha koko i nā lima a me nā wāwae. ʻO kēia ke kumu e pehu ai nā lima a me nā wāwae. Hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā ulcer wāwae. ʻO nā lima a me nā wāwae pehu ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi anemia o nā maʻi maʻi.

Hoʻokaʻawale Splenic

ʻO ka Splenic sequestration kahi paʻa o nā moku splenic e nā cell sickle. Hoʻokumu ia i kahi hōʻeha, ʻeha o ka spleen. E hemo paha ka ʻōpala ma muli o nā pilikia o ka maʻi cell sickle i kahi hana i kapa ʻia he splenectomy. E mālama kekahi mau mea maʻi maʻi maʻi i ka nui o ka pōʻino i ko lākou mālamalama i mea e emi ai a haʻalele i ka hana āpau. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo autosplenectomy. ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka ʻāpala ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka makaʻu no nā maʻi mai nā bacteria ʻO Streptococcus, Haemophilus, a Salmonella ʻano laha.

Hoʻonui lohi

Kū pinepine ka ulu lohi i ka poʻe me SCD. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o nā keiki akā loaʻa hou ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i ka wā makua. Hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe. Hana ʻia kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i nā RBC cell sickle ke hāʻawi i ka oxygen a lawa ka momona.

Nā pilikia Neurological

Hiki ke hopena i ka hopu ʻana, nā hahau, a i ʻole ke koma mai ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou e nā poloka lolo. Pono e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau.

Nā pilikia maka

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka makapō e nā wahi i loko o nā moku e hāʻawi ana i nā maka. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i ka retina.

Ulcer ʻili

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻili inā paʻa nā moku liʻiliʻi ma laila.

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi o ka umauma

Ma muli o ka hihia ʻana o SCD me ka lako o ka oxygen o ke koko, hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai e hiki ai i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me nā mele puʻuwai maikaʻi ʻole.

Maʻi lolo

ʻO ka hōʻino i nā māmā ma muli o ka manawa e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ke kahe o ke koko i hiki ke hopena i ke kahe o ke koko i nā akemāmā (hypertension pulmonary) a me ka scarring o nā māmā (fibrosis pulmonary). Hiki ke hoʻomaka koke kēia mau pilikia i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi chestle. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka puʻu i nā māmā e lawe i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, a ʻo ia ka mea e hopena ai i nā pilikia maʻi paʻapū pinepine.

Priapism

ʻO Priapism kahi kūkulu lōkihi, ʻeha e hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kekahi mau kāne me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hana ʻia kēia ke ālai ʻia nā kīʻaha koko i ka peni. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka palaka inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia.

Nā Pohaku

ʻO nā gallstones kekahi pilikia ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka paʻa ʻana o ka moku. Ma ke kumu, kumu ʻia lākou e ka haki o nā RBC. ʻO kahi huahana ma mua o kēia wāwahi he bilirubin. Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o bilirubin ke alakaʻi i nā gallstones. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he pōhaku pigment.

Maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ʻo Sickle chest kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka pilikia o ka cell sickle.Hoʻopilikia ia i ka ʻeha o ka umauma a pili pū ʻia me nā ʻōuli e like me ka hano, kuni, hana sputum, pōkole o ka hanu, a me nā pae oxygen haʻahaʻa. Hiki i nā mea maʻamau i nānā ʻia ma nā kukuna X ke hōʻike i kekahi pneumonia a i ʻole ka make ʻana o kaʻiʻo māmā (infarction pulmonary). ʻO ka wānana wā lōʻihi no nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole ia.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi anemia o ka cell sickle?

Nānā ʻia nā keiki hānau hou a pau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Nānā ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka hānau ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i kāu wai amniotic.

I nā keiki a me nā mākua, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā kaʻina hana e hōʻike pono ai i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka moʻolelo hoʻomanawanui kikoʻī

ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano he ʻeha nui loa i nā lima a me nā wāwae. Loaʻa paha i nā maʻi:

• ʻeha nui i nā iwi
• anemia
• hoʻonui hoʻonui ʻāpala
• nā pilikia ulu
• nā maʻi hanu
• ulcer o nā wāwae
• pilikia puʻuwai

Makemake paha kāu kauka e hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe no ka anemia maʻi maʻi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā ʻōuli i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

Nā hoʻāʻo koko

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua koko e ʻimi no SCD:

• Hiki i nā helu o ke koko ke hōʻike i kahi pae Hb ʻole ma ke kaha o 6 a 8 gram i kēlā me kēia deciliter.
• Hiki i nā kīwī koko ke hōʻike aku i nā RBC i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau kōleʻa ʻaelike maʻamau.
• Nānā nā hōʻike solubility sickle i ke alo o Hb S.

Hb uila uila

Pono pono ʻo Hb electrophoresis e hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ana ia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o hemoglobin i ke koko.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi anemia maʻi maʻi?

Loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no SCD:

• Kōkua ka hoʻōla ʻana me nā wai kahe i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula i kahi kūlana maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka deforma o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a lawe i ke ʻano o ka maʻi pahi inā ʻoe make wai.
• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻa a i ʻole pili paha he mea nui ia o ka mālama ʻana i ka pilikia, ʻoiai ke koʻikoʻi o kahi maʻi i hiki ke hopena i kahi pilikia o ka cell sickle. Hiki ke hopena i kahi maʻi ma ke ʻano he pilikia o kahi pilikia.
• Hoʻomaikaʻi ke kuʻi koko i ka lawe ʻana o ka oxygen a me nā meaola e pono ai. Lawe ʻia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula piha mai ke koko i hāʻawi ʻia a hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea maʻi.
• Hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen supplemental ma o ka mask. Māmā ka hanu ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā pae oxygen i loko o ke koko.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau ʻeha e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka pilikia maʻi. Pono paha ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter a i ʻole ka lāʻau ʻeha e kuhikuhi ʻia e like me morphine.
• (Droxia, Hydrea) kōkua i ka hoʻonui i ka hana o fetal hemoglobin. Hoʻoemi paha ia i ka helu o ke kō ʻana o ke koko.
• Hiki i nā pale pale ke pale aku i nā maʻi. ʻO nā mea maʻi e mālama i ka pale haʻahaʻa.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoneʻe iwi i mea e mālama ai i ka maʻi anemia o ka cell ill. ʻO nā keiki ma mua o 16 mau makahiki i loaʻa i nā kūpilikiʻi koʻikoʻi a loaʻa kahi mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa nā moho maikaʻi loa.

Mālama home

Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home e kōkua ai i kāu maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi:

• E hoʻohana i nā pale pumehana no ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻeha.
• Lawe i nā hoʻopiha waikawa folic, e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
• ʻAi i kahi hua kūpono o nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā hua palaoa holoʻokoʻa. Hiki i ka hana pēlā ke kōkua i kou kino e hana i nā RBC hou aʻe.
• Inu i ka wai hou aku e hōʻemi i nā manawa o nā pilikia cell cellle.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine a hoʻemi i ke koʻikoʻi e hōʻemi i nā pilikia.
• E kāhea koke i kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe he ʻano maʻi kāu. Hiki i ka mālama mua ʻana i kahi maʻi ke pale i kahi ulia pōpilikia piha.

Hiki i nā hui kākoʻo ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i kēia kūlana.

He aha ka wā lōʻihi e nānā ai no ka maʻi maʻi cell?

Heʻokoʻa ka wānana o ka maʻi. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi i loaʻa pinepine i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻohe wale ka hōʻeha ʻana o kekahi.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. E kamaʻilio me kahi kākāʻōlelo genetic inā hopohopo ʻoe he lawe paha ʻoe. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā hana kūpono, nā hana pale, a me nā koho hānau.

• Nā ʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. (2016, Nowemapa 17). Ua kiʻi ʻia mai
• López, C., Saravia, C., Gomez, A., Hoebeke, J., & Patarroyo, M. A. (2010, Nowemapa 1) Nā ʻano hana o ke kūʻē ʻana i nā genetically i ka malaria. ʻO Gene, 467(1-2), 1-12 Ua kiʻi ʻia mai
• Nā limahana ʻo Mayo Clinic. (2016, December 29). Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ua kiʻi ʻia mai http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia/DS00324
• Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi. (2016, Pepeluali 1). Ua kiʻi ʻia mai http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000527.htm

Nā Kumuwaiwai ʻatikala

He aha nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi maʻi sickle? (2016, ʻAukake 2). Ua kiʻi ʻia mai