Nā Kumu 8 ʻaʻole e hana nā mākua (a no ke aha lākou e pono ai)

Anter

• 1. Ka Manaʻo: "No ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau koke i ka ʻōnaehana pale o kaʻu pēpē."
• 2. ʻO ka hopohopo: "He ʻole ke ʻōnaehana pale o kaʻu keiki, no laila, ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole loaʻa wale nā ​​mea nui."
• 3. Ka hopohopo: "Loaʻa i nā Vaccines nā mea make, e like me mercury, aluminika, formaldehyde, a me antifreeze."
• 4. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻAʻole hana maoli nā maʻi koʻokoʻo-e nānā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau flu i ka makahiki i hala."
• 5. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻAʻole e loaʻa nā 'ʻaha vaccine' inā ʻaʻole makaʻu nā lāʻau āpau."
• 6. ʻO ka hopohopo: "me he mea lā ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻoihana lāʻau a me nā kauka e loaʻa kālā nui ai."
• 7. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena o kekahi mau lāʻau āpau ma mua o ka maʻi maoli."
• 8. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻO ka koi ʻana iaʻu e hana i ka lāʻau make he mea hōʻeha ia i kaʻu mau pono."
• Nānā no

I ka hoʻoilo i hala, i ka wā a 147 mau maʻi o ka maʻi ʻula i pāhola ʻia i ʻehiku mau mokuʻāina, a me Kanada a me Mexico, ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nā mākua, no ka mea ua hoʻomaka ka ʻōhū ma Disneyland, i Kaleponi. Akā ʻoi aku ka ʻino loa. Inā ʻaʻohe lāʻau koʻokoʻo no ka maʻi ʻula, loaʻa iā mākou ma kahi o 4 miliona mau hihia ma ka U.S. i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka makahiki 1963, kokoke pau i ka maʻi ka wā kamaliʻi, a ma ka awelika he 440 mau keiki i make iā ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, i kēia lā ma waena o 80 a 90 ka nui o nā keiki e loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kano. Akā i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka U.S., ke piʻi nei nā helu ulu o nā mākua. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, piʻi lākou i ka hopena o nā maʻi maʻi i ko lākou kaiāulu. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka haʻalele ʻana o nā mākua i nā lāʻau āpau? Nā hopohopo palekana, ʻoiai he hōʻike nui loa ʻaʻole lākou weliweli. ʻO ka hōʻoia hou loa: kahi hōʻike nui loa 2013 e ka Institute of Medicine i ʻike he maikaʻi ka papa hana hoʻoweliweli o ka wā kamaliʻi o US, me nā mea liʻiliʻi loa. (A hiki mākou i kēlā.)

Maliʻa paha ʻo ka hana olakino nui loa i ka mōʻaukala, he mea hōʻeha ʻia nā lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kā lākou kūleʻa. "He maikaʻi loa lākou, lawe lākou i nā maʻi e like me ka ʻōpala. Akā, poina mākou i kēlā mau maʻi he weliweli, "wahi a Kathryn Edwards, M.D., ka luna o ka Vanderbilt University Vaccine Research Program, ma Nashville. Hāʻawi pū ka hōʻike hewa e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau i ka hopohopo, a maʻalahi ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mai ka fiction.ʻO ka manaʻo kuhi he hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau-mumps-rubella (MMR) ke kumu i ka autism i loko o ka noʻonoʻo o kekahi mau mākua no nā makahiki he ʻumi ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā haʻawina e hōʻike ana ʻaʻohe pilina ma waena o lāua.

He pilikia ko ka maʻi koʻokoʻo, akā paʻakikī ka lolo i ka makaʻu ʻana i ka maka, wahi a Neal Halsey, M.D., he pediatrician a me ka luna o ka Institute for Vaksine Safe at Johns Hopkins University, ma Baltimore. Makaʻu paha ka poʻe i ka lele ma mua o ka hoʻokele no ka mea he maʻa a maʻa ke kalaiwa, akā ʻoi aku ka weliweli o ka hoʻokele. ʻO nā keiki hoʻōla ʻana e pale aku iā lākou i nā maʻi hoʻoweliweli e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻoluʻolu, wā pōkole, e like me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka pehu ʻana ma ka pūnaewele injection, ke kuni, a me ka ʻehu. Akā ʻo nā pilikia ʻoi loa, e like me nā hopena maʻi ʻino loa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka pale ʻana o nā maʻi vaccine. Kuhi nā kikowaena no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka Kāohi ʻana ʻo ka makaʻu o ka hopena maʻi kūpilikiʻi koʻikoʻi mai kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi miliona miliona.

ʻOiai me ka makaʻu minuscule, hopohopo paha kekahi mau mākua, a he kūpono kēlā. Eia kahi mea āu e lohe iki ʻole ai mai ka poʻe loea o ka lāʻau lapaʻau: Aia kekahi mahele o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā hopohopo o nā mākua, ʻoiai inā kuhi hewa lākou i kekahi o nā ʻoiaʻiʻo, wahi a Kauka Halsey. ʻO ia ka mea e hoʻonāukiuki hou aku inā hoʻolei kāu kauka i kāu mau makaʻu a i ʻole koi i ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau make ʻole me ka pane ʻole ʻana i kāu mau nīnau āpau. I kekahi mau hihia, hōʻole nā ​​kauka i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki ʻaʻole kā lākou mau mākua i kano, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ka American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) i kēlā. No laila ke hāʻawi nei mākou iā ʻoe i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā makaʻu maʻamau.

1. Ka Manaʻo: "No ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau koke i ka ʻōnaehana pale o kaʻu pēpē."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻO nā mākua i hānau ʻia i nā makahiki 1970 a me '80s ua pale ʻia i nā maʻi ʻewalu. ʻO ka makahiki 2 i kēia lā i ka lāʻau āpau loa, hiki iā ia ke lanakila i nā maʻi he 14. No laila ʻoiai e kiʻi hou nā keiki i nā pana hou-ʻoiai ʻo kēlā me kēia lāʻau āpau e koi pinepine i nā lāʻau he nui - pale ʻia lākou i ka aneane ʻelua manawa ka nui o nā maʻi.

ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ka helu o nā kiʻi ka mea nui; ʻo ia ka mea i loko o lākou. ʻO nā antigens nā mea viral a bacterial paha o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale e kūkulu i nā mea pale a pale aku i nā maʻi o ka wā e hiki mai ana. Loaʻa i ka nui o nā keiki antigens i nā lāʻau āpau i kēia lā kahi hapa o nā mea i loaʻa i nā keiki, a ʻo ia pū me nā lāʻau hoʻohui.

"He loea maʻi maʻi wau, akā ʻaʻole au ʻike i nā maʻi i nā keiki ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau āpau āpau ma 2, 4, a me 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, e hiki mai ana inā e hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou pale pale." 'ōleloʻo Mark H. Sawyer, MD, polofesa o nā pediatrics lapaʻau ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponiʻo San Diego Kula Lapaʻau a me ka Halemai Haumānaʻo Rady.

2. ʻO ka hopohopo: "He ʻole ke ʻōnaehana pale o kaʻu keiki, no laila, ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole loaʻa wale nā ​​mea nui."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻO kēia ka kuhi hewa nui nui loa ma waena o nā mākua i kēia lā, wahi a Kauka Halsey, a ke alakaʻi nei ia i nā wā lōʻihi o ka maʻalahi i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi ʻula. I ka hihia o MMR, hoʻolohi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ʻekolu mau mahina e hoʻonui iki ai i ka hopena o ka hopu ʻana i nā febrile.

ʻAʻohe mea hōʻoia e ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā lāʻau āpau. ʻO ka mea i ʻike ʻia ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka papa hana lāʻau hoʻomaikaʻi i hāʻawi ʻia e pale i ka pale kūpono loa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻike pinepine nā loea o nā maʻi maʻi lele a me nā epidemiologists mai ka CDC, nā kula nui, a me nā haukapila ma waena o ka US i nā makahiki he umi o ka noiʻi ma mua o kā lākou noi ʻana.

3. Ka hopohopo: "Loaʻa i nā Vaccines nā mea make, e like me mercury, aluminika, formaldehyde, a me antifreeze."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka hapanui nā wai me nā antigens, akā koi lākou i nā mea hoʻohui hou e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka hopena a hoʻonui i ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hopohopo nā mākua e pili ana i ka mercury no ka mea hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau āpau i ka preservative thimerosal, a haki i loko o ka ethylmercury. ʻIke nā kānaka noiʻi i kēia manawa ʻaʻole e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ethylmercury i loko o ke kino-ʻokoʻa ka methylmercury, ka neurotoxin i loaʻa i kekahi iʻa. Akā ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka thimerosal mai nā lāʻau āpau pēpē āpau mai ka 2001 "ma ke ʻano he makaʻala," wahi a Kauka Halsey. (Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Multidose flu nā thimerosal no ka pono, akā loaʻa hoʻokahi nā kiʻekiʻena me ka ʻole thimerosal.)

Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau nā paʻakai alumini; hoʻohana ʻia kēia e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kino o ka pane pale ʻana, e hoʻoulu nei i ka hana antibody ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka lāʻau āpau. ʻOiai hiki i ka alumini ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻulaʻula nui a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana ma ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka alumini i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mea e loaʻa i nā keiki ma o ka waiū umauma, formula, a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ʻē aʻe - ʻaʻohe hopena lōʻihi a ua hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. nā makahiki 1930. "Aia i loko o kā mākou lepo, i loko o kā mākou wai, i ka lewa. Pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka honua e pale i ka hōʻike," wahi a ka pediatrician a Nā Mākua aʻoaʻo ʻo Ari Brown, MD, no Austin, Texas.

Huli i nā nui o formaldehyde, hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopau ʻole i ka hiki ke loaʻa, i loko nō paha o kekahi mau lāʻau āpau, akā he mau haneli mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nui o nā formaldehyde kanaka i loaʻa mai nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe, e like me nā hua a me nā mea hoʻohuihui. Hoʻokumu maoli ko mākou kino i nā formaldehyde ma mua o nā mea i nā lāʻau āpau, wahi a Dr. Halsey.

Kūpono kekahi mau mea hoʻohui, akā paha, i kekahi mau pōpilikia. ʻO nā lāʻau antibiotic, e like me ka neomycin, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi bacteria i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka gelatin, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ke kano mai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka manawa, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena anaphylactic loaʻa loa (ma kahi o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha i ka 1 miliona mau kau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ka nui o ka protein hua manu, akā ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou e hiki ke loaʻa pinepine i nā keiki me nā maʻi allergies.

ʻO ka antifreeze, ʻaʻole ia i nā lāʻau āpau. Hoʻohilahila paha nā mākua i kona mau inoa kemika-ʻo nā ethylene glycol a me propylene glycol-me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hana lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether, kahi mea maikaʻi ʻole).

4. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻAʻole hana maoli nā maʻi koʻokoʻo-e nānā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau flu i ka makahiki i hala."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka hapa nui he 85 a 95 pakeneka ka hopena. He maʻalea loa ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo flu. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hui ka poʻe loea o nā maʻi maʻi mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua e wānana i nā laha e holo paha i ka wā o ka maʻi flu e hiki mai ana. Pili ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻano a lākou e ʻohi ai a hewa i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ke kau hope loa he 23 pakeneka wale nō ka maikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi palū; Hōʻike ka noiʻi e hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻēmi i ka makaʻu ma kahi o 50 a 60 pākēneka ke koho ʻia ke kanana kūpono.

No laila, yeah-maikaʻi ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau flu i ka hoʻoilo i hala, akā ʻo 23 pakeneka ka nui o nā hihia i mālama ʻia he haneli mau tausani mau kānaka i pakele. ʻO ka laina lalo loa nā kumu o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui o nā make, nā haukapila, a me nā kino kīnā ma mua o nā manawa ʻē aʻe i ka mōʻaukala.

5. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻAʻole e loaʻa nā 'ʻaha vaccine' inā ʻaʻole makaʻu nā lāʻau āpau."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻOiai palekana e like me nā lāʻau āpau, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia, wahi a Kauka Halsey. "A ʻaʻole pono nā kānaka e hāpai i ka ukana kālā e pili ana i kēlā." Hāʻawi ka National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (NVICP) i ke kālā i nā mākua i hiki iā lākou ke uku no ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā koina ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kahi hōʻeha ma kahi kūlana kūpono ʻole kahi i loaʻa ai i kā lākou keiki i kahi hopena kano koʻikoʻi. (Uku lākou i nā mākua i hōʻeha ʻia e nā lāʻau āpau.)

Mahalo paha ʻoe, no ke aha e hoʻopiʻi ʻole ai i nā ʻoihana lāʻau? ʻO ia ka mea i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 1980, i ka manawa o nā hui kakini e hana ana i nā lāʻau āpau e kū i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēlā mau hihia ʻaʻole i kūleʻa, akā naʻe; lanakila i koi ʻia i nā mākua e hōʻike i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hōʻeha i kahi pilikia olakino no ka mea he kīnā. Akā ʻaʻole kīnā nā lāʻau āpau; lawe wale lākou i kahi makaʻu ʻike ʻia. Eia naʻe, ua nui nā hoʻopiʻi. Ua ho'ōki wale kekahi mau ʻoihana i ka hana ʻana i nā kano, e alakaʻi ana i nā hemahema.

"Ke waiho ʻia nei nā keiki me ka ʻole o nā kano, no laila ua komo ʻo Congress," wahi a Dorit Reiss, he loea loea i nā kulekele kano ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi ʻo Hastings College of Law. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka pale i nā mea hana no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia lākou i ka ʻaha no nā ʻeha kano ke ʻole i hele mua ka mea koi i ka NVICP, kahi i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻomau i ka hana ʻana i nā kano. Ua maʻalahi hoʻi i ka ʻAhaʻōlelo no nā mākua e loaʻa ka uku.

Hana nā ʻaha bakuna ma kahi "ʻōnaehana hewa ʻole." ʻAʻole pono nā mākua e hōʻoia i ka hewa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea hana a ʻaʻole koi ʻia e hōʻike ma mua o ka kānalua kūpono ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka pilikia o ke olakino. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua uku ʻia kekahi mau kūlana ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻepekema ʻo ia ke kumu o nā kano. Mai 2006 a 2014, 1,876 mau koi i uku ʻia. Loaʻa kēlā i kēlā me kēia kanaka i uku ʻia no kēlā me kēia 1 miliona ʻona o ka lāʻau āpau i hāʻawi ʻia, e like me ka Health Resources and Services Administration.

6. ʻO ka hopohopo: "me he mea lā ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻoihana lāʻau a me nā kauka e loaʻa kālā nui ai."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻIke maoli nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi loaʻa kālā mai nā lāʻau āpau, akā ʻaʻole paʻakikī lākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Kūpono hoʻi ia no nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa kālā mai kā lākou huahana, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loaʻa kālā o nā mea hana kaʻa i kā lākou. Kūlike ʻole i ka manaʻo nui, loaʻa ʻole kēia mau ʻoihana i ke kālā mai ke aupuni pekelala. Ma kahi kokoke i nā kālā a pau i ʻimi ʻia no ka noiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana e nā National Institutes of Health e hele i nā kula nui.

ʻAʻole waiwai nā Pediatric. "ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana ʻaʻole loaʻa kālā mai nā lāʻau ākea a lilo pinepine a haki pū paha iā lākou," i ʻōlelo ʻo Nathan Boonstra, M.D., he pediatrician ma Blank Children's Hospital, ma Des Moines. "ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, manaʻo nui kekahi e kūʻai nui, mālama, a lawelawe i nā lāʻau āpau, a pono e hoʻouna" nā mea maʻi i ka ʻāpana olakino kalana. "

7. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena o kekahi mau lāʻau āpau ma mua o ka maʻi maoli."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: He ʻumi a 15 mau makahiki ka lōʻihi o ke aʻo ʻana no nā lāʻau āpau hou e hana ai i loko o nā ʻehā pae o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka palekana a me ka pono ma mua o ka ʻae ʻia. Hoʻomaʻo mua ʻia kēlā me kēia lāʻau āpau hou i manaʻo ʻia no nā keiki i nā mākua, a laila i nā keiki, a ʻo nā mana hou āpau e pono e hele i ka hana like. Nānā ka FDA i ka ʻikepili e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau i ka mea a ka mea hana i hana ai-a palekana hoʻi. Mai laila mai, hoʻoholo ka CDC, AAP, a me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o nā Kauka ʻohana inā paha e ʻae iā ia. ʻAʻohe ʻoihana a hui paha e hoʻopukapuka i kēlā kālā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau nāna e hoʻopuka i nā pilikia olakino ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka pale ʻana, kuhikuhi ʻo Dr. Halsey:

ʻOiai ʻo ka moa moa, a he nui nā mākua i lilo ai i kamaliʻi, ua luku ʻia ma kahi o 100 mau keiki i ka makahiki ma mua o ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau. A ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka necrotizing fasciitis, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi bacteria ʻai ʻiʻo. Ua lohe ʻo Kauka Halsey i nā mākua e ʻōlelo ana e kōkua ka meaʻai maikaʻi i kā lākou keiki e hakakā i kēia maʻi, akā ʻaʻole pinepine kēlā. Pilikia nā keiki olakino i nā pilikia nui a me ka make mai kēia mau maʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, 80 pakeneka o ka make ʻana o ka moa-pox i kū i nā keiki olakino ʻē aʻe, i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.

He ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole nā ​​ʻaoʻao ʻoluʻolu a me nā kaulike kaulike-e like me ka hopu ʻana i ka febrile a me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe-ʻaʻole lohe ʻia, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka hopena ʻoi loa o ka hopena o ka lāʻau āpau rotavirus ka intussusception, kahi ʻōpū o ke ʻōpū e pono ai ke ʻoki a kū hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 20,000 a 100,000 mau pēpē i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

8. ʻO ka hopohopo: "ʻO ka koi ʻana iaʻu e hana i ka lāʻau make he mea hōʻeha ia i kaʻu mau pono."

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻOkoʻa nā kānāwai wīwī o kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina; ʻeʻe nā koi no ka pale ʻana i ka manawa hiki ke hele i ka mālama lā, ke kula kamaliʻi, a i ʻole ke kula lehulehu. A no ke kumu kūpono: pale lākou i ka pākēneka liʻiliʻi o nā keiki i loaʻa i kahi ʻōnaehana pale pale a i ʻole e holo pono nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kēlā me kēia moku'āina ke ho'oku'u 'ia inā loa'a i nā keiki ke kumu lā'au lapa'au no ka 'ole 'ana i ka lā'au lapa'au, e like me ka loa'a 'ana o ka ma'i leukemia a i 'ole ka ma'i ma'i 'ole. ʻO ka mea hou aku, ʻae nā mokuʻāina āpau i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hoʻomana a/a i ʻole ka manaʻo pilikino, me nā koi like ʻole, koe wale no Kaleponi (hoʻomaka i Iulai 2016), Mississippi, a me West Virginia. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā helu hoʻokuʻu a me nā helu maʻi - i kēlā mau mokuʻāina kahi maʻalahi no nā keiki e hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokuʻu.

"He kuleana ko kēlā me kēia kaiāulu e mālama i nā pale kiʻekiʻena no kēlā mau keiki hiki ʻole ke kanikau ʻia," wahi a Kauka Halsey. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o kēlā pale kaiāulu, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka pale ʻana i nā pūʻā, ua akāka loa i ka wā o Disneyland. Ma muli o ka maʻi lele o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hohola koke ia i waena o nā kaiāulu me ka pale o ka pale ʻana ma lalo o ka maʻi. Noho ʻo Disneyland ma ka puʻuwai o Kaleponi Hema, nona ka hapa haʻahaʻa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo loa o ka mokuʻāina, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hihia i waena o Kaleponi i kēlā mau kaiaulu.

"ʻO ke kiʻi nui loa," hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ʻo Kauka Halsey, "he mea maikaʻi nā lāʻau lapaʻau a mālama i ke olakino maikaʻi o nā keiki. A ʻo ia nō ka mea a mākou āpau e makemake ai i nā mākua, nā lawelawe mālama ola, a me ka poʻe nāna e hana nā lāʻau āpau."

Nānā no