Melanoma o ka maka

ʻO Melanoma o ka maka ka maʻi ʻaʻai e kū ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka maka.

ʻO Melanoma kahi ʻano kūpikipiki loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hiki ke laha koke. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Hiki i ka melanoma o ka maka ke hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana o ka maka, me nā:

• ʻO Choroid
• Kino ciliary
• Konjunctiva
• Makaʻā maka
• Iris
• Orbit

ʻO ka papa choroid ka pūnaewele kūpono o melanoma i ka maka. ʻO kēia ka papa o nā kīʻaha koko a me nā mea hoʻopili i waena o ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka a me ka retina (kua o ka maka).

Ma ka maka wale nō ke kanesa. A i ʻole, pāhola paha ia (metastasize) i kahi wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka ate. Hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻo Melanoma ma ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe i ke kino a pāhola i ka maka.

ʻO Melanoma ka ʻano tumo o ka maka i nā mākua. ʻOiai ʻo ia, melanoma e hoʻomaka i ka maka he laha ʻole.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka puka ʻana o ka lā he mea nui ia no ka melanoma. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ka ʻili maikaʻi a me ka maka polū e hoʻopili nui ʻia.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli o melanoma o ka maka ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻŌpuʻu maka
• Hoʻololi i ke kala iris
• ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole i ka maka hoʻokahi
• ʻUlaʻula, maka ʻeha
• Nā kīnā liʻiliʻi ma ka iris a me ka conjunctiva

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻohe paha ʻōuli.

Hiki i ka nānā ʻana i ka maka me kahi ophthalmoscope ke hōʻike i hoʻokahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka ʻōpuni oval i ka maka.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• ʻO Brain CT a i ʻole MRI scan e nānā ai no ka hoʻolaha (metastasis) i ka lolo
• Kani ultrasound
• ʻO ka biopsy ʻili inā aia kekahi wahi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili

Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā melanomas liʻiliʻi me:

• ʻOki kino
• ʻO Laser
• ʻO ka radiation radiation (e like me Gamma Knife, CyberKnife, brachytherapy)

ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hemo ai ka maka (enucleation) paha e pono ai.

Nā mālama ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me:

• ʻO Chemotherapy, inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ka maka
• ʻO Immunotherapy, ka mea e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e kōkua i kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale i ka melanoma

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

ʻO ka hopena no ka melanoma o ka maka e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke ʻike ʻia. Ola ka hapanui o ka poʻe ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki mai ka manawa o ka hōʻoia inā ʻaʻole pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka maka.

Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka maka, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke ola lōʻihi.

Nā pilikia e ulu paha ma muli o ka melanoma o ka maka e hoʻopili ai:

• Distortion a nalowale paha o ka hihiʻo
• Wehe retina
• Hoʻolahalaha i ka tumo i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu mea mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka melanoma o ka maka.

ʻO ke ala nui e pale aku ai i ka melanoma o ka maka e pale ai i nā maka mai ka lā o ka lā, keu hoʻi ma waena o 10 a me 2 pm, ke ikaika loa nā kukuna o ka lā. E komo i nā aniani aniani i loaʻa ka pale ultraviolet.

Paipai ʻia kahi loiloi maka maka makahiki.

Melanoma malignant - choroid; Melanoma malignant - maka; Tumo maka; Melanoma Ocular

• ʻO Retina

Augsburger JJ, Correa ZM, Berry JL. Nā neoplasms intraocular malignant. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 8.1.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻoponopono melanoma Intraocular (uveal) (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/eye/hp/intraocular-melanoma-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou ʻia Malaki 24, 2019. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 2, 2019.

ʻO Seddon JM, McCannel TA. Epidemiology o hope uveal melanoma. I: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. ʻO Ryan's Retina. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 143.

Nā pale kaua CL, Nā pale kaua JA. Overview of management of posterior uveal melanoma. I: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. ʻO Ryan's Retina. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 147.