Mea Kākau: Randy Alexander
Lā O Ka Hana: 23 Apelila 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 25 Iune 2024
Anonim
He aha nā Freose's Psychosexual Stages of Development? - Ola Kino
He aha nā Freose's Psychosexual Stages of Development? - Ola Kino

Anter

Ua lohe paha i nā huaʻōlelo "lili penis," "Oedipal complex," a i ʻole "fixation waha"?

Ua haku ʻia lākou āpau e ka psychoanalyst kaulana a Sigmund Freud ma ke ʻano he ʻaoʻao o kāna psychosexual theory o ka hoʻomohala.

ʻAʻole mākou e wahaheʻe - me ka ʻole o kahi PhD i ka psychology kanaka, hiki i nā manaʻo o Freud ke kani e like me ka nui psychobabble.

ʻAʻole e hopohopo! Hoʻohui mākou i kēia alakaʻi kūkā kamaʻilio e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala psychosexual.

No hea mai kēia manaʻo?

"Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumumanaʻo mai Freud i nā makahiki mua o ka makahiki 1900 ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻomaopopo a wehewehe ai i ka maʻi noʻonoʻo a me ka haunaele o ka naʻau," wehewehe a psychotherapist Dana Dorfman, PhD.

Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia pae me kahi hakakā kūikawā

ʻOi aku ka multilayered o ke kumumanaʻo ma mua o ka pōpō male, akā paila ʻia i lalo i kēia: ʻO ka leʻaleʻa wahine ke kuleana nui i ka ulu kanaka.


Wahi a Freud, ulu kēlā me kēia keiki "olakino" ma o nā pae ʻelima.

  • waha
  • anal
  • phallic
  • latent
  • genital

Pili kēlā me kēia pae me kahi ʻāpana kikoʻī o ke kino, a i ʻole kikoʻī kikoʻī, ʻāpana erogenous.

ʻO kēlā me kēia wahi kahi kumu o ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hakakā i ka wā o kēlā me kēia pae.

"ʻO ka hiki i kahi keiki ke hoʻoponopono i kēlā paio e hoʻoholo ai inā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i ke kahua aʻe," i wehewehe ai ʻo ka loio kākāʻōlelo laikini ʻo Kauka Mark Mayfield, ka mea hoʻokumu a me CEO o Mayfield Counselling Centers.

Hiki ke "hoʻopaʻa" a hoʻōki i ka holomua

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe i ka hakakā ma kahi manawa i hāʻawi ʻia, holomua ʻoe i ka pae aʻe o ka hoʻomohala.

Akā inā hele hewa kekahi mea, manaʻo ʻo Freud e noho pololei ʻoe ma hea ʻoe.

Kūleʻa paha ʻoe, ʻaʻole holomua i ka pae aʻe, a holomua akā hōʻike i nā koena a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia i hoʻonā ʻole ʻia mai ka pae i hala.

Ua manaʻo ʻo Freud aia ʻelua mau kumu i paʻa ai ka poʻe:


  1. ʻAʻole i lawa kūpono ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o kā lākou pono hoʻomohala i ka wā o ke kahua, a ʻo ia ka mea i uluhua ai.
  2. ʻO kā lākou mau pono ulu no laila hui maikaʻi ʻaʻole lākou i makemake e haʻalele i ke kūlana indulgence.

Hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke alakaʻi i ka mea āna i kapa ai he "fixation" ma ka zona erogenous e pili ana i ke kahua.

ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻoliʻoli nui ke kanaka i ka pae waha i ka leʻaleʻa i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea i loko o ko lākou waha.

ʻO ke kahua waha

  • Laulā makahiki: Hānau iā 1 makahiki
  • ʻĀpana Erogenous: Ka waha

Wikiwiki: E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kahi pēpē. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe i kahi scoundrel liʻiliʻi e noho ana ma kā lākou puʻupuʻu, ʻakaʻaka, a me ka omo ʻana i ko lākou mau manamana lima.

ʻĀ, e like me kā Freud, i kēia wā mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, aia kahi libido o ke kanaka i loko o kā lākou waha. ʻO ke kumu o ka waha ke kumu mua o ka leʻaleʻa.

"Pili kēia pae i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū, ka nahu ʻana, ka omo ʻana, a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka honua ma o ka waiho ʻana i nā mea i ka waha," wahi a Kauka Dorfman.


'Sayslelo ke kumumanaʻo o Freud i nā mea e like me ka chomping nui o ka gum, ka nahu ʻana o nā kui, a me nā omo manamana lima i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka nui o ka waha i ka wā kamaliʻi.

"ʻO ka ʻai nui ʻana, ka inu nui ʻana o ka ʻalekohola, a me ka puhipaka kekahi i kumu ʻia i ke kūkulu maikaʻi ʻole ʻana o kēia pae mua," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.

ʻO ke kahua aniani

  • Laulā makahiki: 1 a 3 mau makahiki
  • ʻĀpana Erogenous: anus a me ka ʻai

Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ka waiho ʻana i nā mea i loko o ka canal anal, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole loaʻa ka leʻaleʻa mai ka hoʻokomo ʻana i loko o, akā ke hoʻokuke nei i waho o, ka anus.

Yep, ʻo ia ke code no ka pooping.

Manaʻo ʻo Freud i kēia wā, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ipuhao a me ke aʻo ʻana e kaohi i kāu ʻōpū a me ka hāpau kahi kumu nui o ka hauʻoli a me ka hakakā.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa Toilet ka mea maʻamau he makua e haʻi ana i kahi keiki i ka wā a me kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke poop, a he hui mua maoli ia o kahi kanaka me ka mana.

ʻ sayslelo ke kumumanaʻo pehea e hele ai kahi makua i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa toilet i ka hopena o ka pilina a kekahi me ka mana ke ʻelemakule lākou.

Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa potsy ʻo Harsh e hana i nā mākua i anal retitive: nā mea hoʻopono, nānā i ka maʻemaʻe, a me ka kaohi ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa Liberala, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻolei i ke kanaka i kahi anal: kolohe, hoʻonohonoho ʻole, hoʻonui, a me nā palena maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka pae phallic

  • Laulā makahiki: 3 a 6 mau makahiki
  • ʻĀpana Erogenous: genital, kikoʻī i ka peni

E like me kāu e koho ai mai ka inoa, pili kēia pae i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka peni.

Ua noi ʻo Freud no nā keikikāne ʻōpio, pili kēia i ka pulakaumaka me kā lākou peni ponoʻī.

No nā kaikamahine ʻōpio, ʻo kēia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe o lākou penis, kahi ʻike i kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "lili penis."

Pākuʻi ʻo Oedipus

ʻO ka hui ʻo Oedipus kekahi o nā manaʻo kontroversial a Freud.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka moʻo Helene ma kahi ʻōpio i kapa ʻia ʻo Oedipus i pepehi i kona makuakāne a laila male i kona makuahine. Ke ʻike ʻo ia i kāna mea i hana ai, ʻapo ʻo ia i kona mau maka i waho.

"Ua manaʻo ʻo Freud e pili ana ka moekolohe i kēlā me kēia keikikāne i kona makuahine," wehewehe ʻo Kauka Mayfield.

A manaʻoʻiʻo kēlā me kēia keikikāne inā ʻike kona makuakāne, e lawe aku kona makuakāne i ka mea a ke keiki kāne e aloha nui ai i ka honua: kāna peni.

Eia ka hopohopo castration.

Wahi a Freud, hoʻoholo hope nā keikikāne e lilo i mau makuakāne - ma o ka hoʻohālike - ma mua o ka hakakā ʻana iā lākou.

Ua kapa ʻo Freud i kēia "ʻike" a ua manaʻo ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka Oedipus complex.

Pākuʻi Electra

ʻO kekahi psychologist, ʻo Carl Jung, i hoʻokumu i "ka Electra Complex" ma 1913 e wehewehe i kahi ʻano like i nā kaikamahine.

I ka pōkole, ʻōlelo ia e hoʻokūkū nā kaikamahine ʻōpio me ko lākou mau makuahine no ka moekolohe mai ko lākou makuakāne.

Akā ua hōʻole ʻo Freud i ka lepili, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e loaʻa i nā kāne ʻelua i nā ʻike ʻokoʻa i kēia kaʻina ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia.

Pela i ka mea hana Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo Freud i nā kaikamahine i kēia pae?

Ua noi ʻo ia e aloha nā kaikamahine i kā lākou mau makuahine a hiki i ka wā e ʻike ai lākou ʻaʻohe o lākou penis, a laila lilo i pili i ko lākou mau makuakāne.

Ma hope, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike me ko lākou mau makuahine no ka makaʻu i ka lilo ʻana o ko lākou aloha - kahi hanana i hoʻokumu ai ʻo ia i ka "wahine ʻo Oedipus."

Manaʻo ʻo ia he mea koʻikoʻi kēia pae no nā kaikamahine e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou kuleana ma ke ʻano he wahine i ka honua, a me kā lākou moekolohe.

Ke kahua latency

  • Laulā makahiki: 7 a 10 mau makahiki, a i ʻole ke kula haʻahaʻa ma o ka preadolescence
  • ʻĀpana Erogenous: N / A, pili ʻole ka moekolohe

I ka wā o ka latency, aia ka libido i "mai hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano."

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Freud ʻo kēia ka manawa i hoʻoili ʻia ka ikaika o ka moekolohe i ka hana, nā hana asexual e like me ke aʻo ʻana, nā leʻaleʻa, a me nā pilina kaiaulu.

Ua manaʻo ʻo ia kēia pae ke hoʻomohala nā kānaka i ka mākau olakino a me ka mākau kamaʻilio maikaʻi.

Manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia i ka neʻe ʻole ʻana i kēia pae hiki ke hopena i ke ola makua ʻole ʻole, a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke loaʻa a mālama i ka hauʻoli, olakino, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pilina a me ka moe kolohe ʻole ma ke ʻano he makua.

Ke kahua genital

  • Laulā makahiki: 12 a i luna, a i ʻole ka wā ʻōpio a hiki i ka make ʻana
  • ʻĀpana Erogenous: genital

Hoʻomaka ka pae hope loa i kēia kumumanaʻo i ka wā ʻōpio a, e like me "Grey's Anatomy," ʻaʻole pau. Aia i ka wā e ulu hou ai ka libido.

Wahi a Freud, ʻo kēia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ke kanaka e loaʻa ka hoihoi nui i ka moekolohe ʻē aʻe.

A inā kūleʻa ke kahua, ʻo kēia ka wā e loaʻa ai ka pilina kāne heterosexual a hoʻomohala i nā pilina aloha, ola me kekahi o ka wahine ʻē aʻe.

Aia kekahi mau hoʻohewa e noʻonoʻo ai?

Inā ʻoe e heluhelu ana i nā pae ʻokoʻa a me ka ʻōwili ʻana i kou mau maka i ka pehea o ka hetero-centric, binaristic, misogynistic, a me ka monogamous-noʻonoʻo i kekahi o kēia mau manaʻo, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi ʻoe!

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Dorfman ua hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia ʻo Freud no ke ʻano o ka male kāne, heteronormative, a me cis-centric kēia mau pae.

"ʻOiai ke kipi ʻana no kona manawa, ua ulu nui ka nohona mai ke kumu o kēia mau kumumanaʻo ma mua o 100 mau makahiki i hala," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia. "He mea kahiko, pili ʻole, a me nā loli ke ʻano nui o ke kumumanaʻo."

Akā ʻaʻole naʻe e wili ʻia. ʻO Freud ka mea nui nui i ke kahua o ka noʻonoʻo.

"Ua hoʻokau ʻo ia i nā palena, nīnau i nā nīnau, a hoʻomohala i ke kumumanaʻo nāna i hoʻoulu a hōʻaʻano i kekahi mau hanauna e ʻimi i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka psyche kanaka," wahi a Kauka Mayfield.

"ʻAʻole mākou ma kahi o mākou i kēia lā i loko o kā mākou papa hana hoʻomanaʻo inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻo Freud i ka hana."

ʻEā, hōʻaiʻē ma kahi e pono ai ka hōʻaiʻē!

No laila, pehea e paʻa ai kēia kumumanaʻo i kēia lā?

I kēia lā, kākoʻo ikaika kekahi mau poʻe i nā pae psychosexual a Freud e like me ka mea i kākau ʻia.

Eia nō naʻe, e like me kā Dr. Dorfman e wehewehe nei, ke koʻikoʻi o kēia kumumanaʻo e koʻikoʻi ana nā mea a mākou e ʻike ai ma ke ʻano he keiki i ka hopena nui i kā mākou lawena a loaʻa nā hopena mau loa - kahi manaʻo i loaʻa mai nā kumumanaʻo o kēia manawa e pili ana i ka lawena kanaka.

Aia kekahi mau manaʻo ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai?

"Ae!" wahi a Kauka Mayfield. "He nui loa ka helu ʻana!"

ʻO kekahi o nā kumumanaʻo i ʻike nui ʻia e pili pū me:

  • Nā Papa Hana Hoʻolālā a Erik Erickson
  • ʻO Jean Piaget Milestones o ka Hoʻolālā
  • ʻO Lawrence Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development

ʻLelo ʻia, ʻaʻohe manaʻo ʻae ma hoʻokahi kumumanaʻo "kūpono".

"ʻO ka pilikia me nā kumumanaʻo hoʻomohala ke waiho pinepine nei lākou i ka poʻe i loko o ka pahu a ʻaʻole e ʻae i kahi no nā ʻokoʻa a i waho paha," wahi a Dr. Mayfield.

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea pono ponoʻī a me nā mea maikaʻi ʻole e noʻonoʻo ai, no laila he mea nui e nānā i kēlā me kēia manaʻo i ka pōʻaiapili o kona manawa a i kēlā me kēia mea holoʻokoʻa.

"ʻOiai ke kōkua ʻia nā kumumanaʻo o ke kahua no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā māka hoʻomohala ma ka huakaʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he mau kaukani ʻokoʻa nā mea kōkua i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanaka," wahi a Mayfield.

Ke laina lalo

I kēia manawa i manaʻo ʻia ua hala ka wā, ʻaʻole i pili pono nā kūlana psychosexual a Freud o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

Akā, no ka mea, ʻo lākou ke kumu no nā kumumanaʻo o kēia au e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala, pono lākou e ʻike no ka poʻe i haʻohaʻo loa, "Pehea e hiki ai i ke kanaka?"

ʻO Gabrielle Kassel kahi mea kākau moekolohe a me ke olakino ma New York a me CrossFit Level 1 Trainer. Ua lilo ʻo ia i kanaka kakahiaka, ua hoʻāʻo ma luna o 200 mau haʻalulu, a ʻai ʻia, ʻona, a palaki ʻia me ka lanahu - nā mea āpau ma ka inoa o ka puke pai. I kona manawa kaʻawale, hiki ke loaʻa ʻo ia i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke kōkua nona iho a me nā puke aloha, kaomi ʻana i ke keʻena, a me ka hulahula lāʻau paha. E hāhai iā ia ma Instagram.

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