He aha ke ʻano o ka oxygen, nā ʻano nui a he aha ia

Anter

• Nā ʻano nui o ka oxygen therapy
• 1. Nā ʻōnaehana kahe haʻahaʻa
• 2. Nā ʻōnaehana kahe kiʻekiʻe
• 3. ʻ .naehana non-invasive
• No ke aha ia
• Mālama i ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka home

ʻO ka oxygen therapy ka lawelawe ʻana i ka oxygen ma mua o ka mea i loaʻa i ke kaiapuni maʻamau a me ka pahuhopu e hōʻoia i ka oxygenation o nā kino o ke kino. Hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka oxygen i nā akemāmā a me nā ʻaʻa, e like me ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi mau, i ʻike ʻia ʻo COPD, hoʻouka hānō, apnea moe a me ka niumonia a no laila, i kēia mau hihia, pono ka oxygen therapy.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia therapy e kekahi loio maʻamau a i ʻole pulmonologist ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi pae haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, e ka hana ʻana i nā kinoea arterial, kahi hōʻike koko i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke aʻa lima, a me ka pulse oximetry, i hana ʻia ma o ka nānā ʻana o oxygen saturation a pono ma luna o 90%. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka pulse oximetry.

Aia ke ʻano o ka oxygen therapy i ke kekele o ka hanu pilikia o ke kanaka a me nā hōʻailona o ka hypoxia, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka catal nasal, ka pale maka a i ʻole Venturi paha e paipai ʻia. I kekahi mau hihia, hōʻike ʻia paha ka CPAP e kōkua i ke komo ʻana o ka oxygen i loko o nā alaloa.

Nā ʻano nui o ka oxygen therapy

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano oxygen o ka oxygen i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me nā oxygen i hoʻokoe ʻia, a na ka kauka e paipai i ke ʻano e like me ka makemake o ke kanaka, a me ke degere o ka hanu pilikia a inā hōʻike ke kanaka i nā hōʻailona o ka hypoxia, e like me purplish waha a me nā manamana lima, ke anu anuanu a me ka huikau noʻonoʻo. No laila, ʻo nā ʻano nui o ka hoʻōla oxygen hiki ke:

1. Nā ʻōnaehana kahe haʻahaʻa

Paipai ʻia kēia ʻano o ka oxygen therapy no ka poʻe pono ʻole i ka nui o ka oxygen a ma o kēia mau ʻōnaehana hiki ke hāʻawi i ka oxygen i nā alaloa i kahi kahe o 8 liters i kēlā me kēia minuke a i ʻole FiO2, i kapa ʻia he hapa o ka hoʻoulu ʻia. oxygen, mai 60%. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka ea holoʻokoʻa a ka mea e hanu ai, 60% ka oxygen.

ʻO nā hāmeʻa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia ʻano:

• Nasal catheter: he pahu ea ia me ʻelua mau puka ea e pono ai e kau i nā puka ihu a, ma ka awelika, lawelawe e hāʻawi i ka oxygen ma 2 liters o kēlā me kēia minuke;
• Nasal cannula a i ʻole ka catheter aniani: hoʻokumu ʻia ia e like me kahi paipu lahilahi me ʻelua puka ma kona wēlau a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lua ihu ma kahi mamao e like me ka lōʻihi ma waena o ka ihu a me ka pepeiao a hiki ke hāʻawi i ka oxygen i 8 liters i kēlā me kēia minuke;
• Pale maka: aia i loko o kahi pale ea e pono e kau ʻia ma luna o ka waha a me ka ihu a hana e hāʻawi i ka oxygen i nā kahe kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o nā catheters a me nā canal nasal, me ka lawelawe ʻana no nā poʻe e hanu hou aʻe ma o ka waha, no ka laʻana;
• Mask me ka waihona: he mask me kahi ʻeke inflatable i hoʻopili ʻia a hiki i ka mālama ʻana i 1 lita o ka oxygen. Aia kekahi mau laʻana o nā masks me nā waihona wai, i kapa ʻia he mau pale pale ʻole i hana hou ʻia, a he kiwikā kēia e pale ai i ke kanaka e hanu i ke kalapona kalapona;
• Pākuʻi Tracheostomy: ua like ia me kekahi ʻano o ka uhi mask oxygen no nā poʻe i loaʻa kahi tracheostomy, kahi cannula i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka trachea no ka hanu ʻana.

Eia hou, i mea e komo pono ai ka oxygen e nā akemāmā pono, he mea nui ia ʻaʻohe mea keakea a huna ʻole ʻia paha i ka ihu, a i ʻole hoʻi e hoʻomaloʻo i ka mucosa airway, pono pono e hoʻohana i ka humuhū i ka wā ʻo ke kahe oxygen ma luna o 4 liters i kēlā me kēia minuke.

2. Nā ʻōnaehana kahe kiʻekiʻe

Hiki i nā ʻōnaehana kahe ke hāʻawi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen, ma luna o ka mea e hiki ai i ke kanaka ke hanu a hōʻike ʻia i nā hihia ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, i nā hanana o ka hypoxia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hanu ʻole, ka emphema pulmonary, edema akuma a me ka niumonia. E ʻike hou aʻe he aha ka hypoxia a hiki i ka sequelae inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia.

ʻO ka mask Venturi ke ala maʻamau o kēia ʻano o ka oxygen therapy, no ka mea, he mau adapters ʻokoʻa ia e lawelawe ana e hāʻawi i nā pae oxygen pololei a ʻokoʻa hoʻi, e like me ke kala. ʻO kahi laʻana, hāʻawi ka mea hoʻopili poni i 40% oxygen ma kahi nui o 15 liters i kēlā me kēia minuke. He mau puka ko kēia mask e ʻae ai i ka ea i hoʻopuehu ʻia, kahi i loaʻa ai ke kalapona kalapona, a koi ʻia i ka humuhū i ʻole e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻāpana ea.

3. ʻ .naehana non-invasive

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka noninvasive ventilation, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo NIV, kahi kākoʻo ventilatory e hoʻohana ai i ke kaomi maikaʻi e kōkua ai i ke komo ʻana o ka oxygen i loko o nā alaloa. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻenehana e ka pulmonologist a hiki ke hana ʻia e kahi kahu a i ʻole ka physiotherapist i nā mākua me ka hanu hanu a loaʻa ka hanu hanu ma mua o 25 hanu i kēlā me kēia minuke a i ʻole ka saturation oxygen ma lalo o 90%.

ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e hāʻawi i ka oxygen keu, akā lawelawe ia e kōkua i ka hanu ʻana ma ka wehe hou ʻana i ka alveoli pulmonary, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻololi kinoea a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hana hanu a koi ʻia no ka poʻe me ka apnea hiamoe a me nā maʻi cardiorespiratory.

Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā masks NIV i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka home a ʻokoʻa e like me ka nui o ka helehelena a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka, me CPAP ke ʻano maʻamau. E nānā hou aʻe e pili ana i ka CPAP a pehea e hoʻohana ai.

No ke aha ia

Paipai ʻia ʻo ka oxygen therapy e ke kauka e hoʻonui i ka loaʻa o ka oxygen i loko o nā akemāmā a me nā aʻa o ke kino, e hoʻemi ana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hypoxia, a pono e hana ʻia inā loaʻa i ka mea ka oxygen oxygen ma lalo o 90%, kaomi hapa o ka oxygen, a me PaO2 , ma lalo o 60 mmHg, a i ʻole ke ʻano e like me:

• Huʻi ʻole a hanu ʻole paha;
• Maʻi maʻi pulmonary ākea;
• Pulmonary emphysema;
• Hoʻouka Asthma;
• Lāʻau make kalapona;
• Apena moe hiamoe;
• Lāʻau make ʻino Cyanide;
• Ka hoʻihoʻi hope-anesthetic;
• Hopuia Cardiorespiratory.

Hōʻike pū ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻomalule i nā hihia o ka infoccial myocardial koʻikoʻi a me ka angina pectoris kūpaʻa ʻole, ʻoiai hiki i ka lako oxygen ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka hypoxia, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe o ke kahe o ke koko, e hoʻonui ana i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko a, no laila, i ka alveoli o ka hū.

Mālama i ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka home

I kekahi mau hihia, pono ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi maʻi hanu mau, e like me COPD, e hoʻohana i ke kākoʻo oxygen no 24 mau hola i ka lā a no kēia kumu, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka oxygen therapy ma ka home. Hana ʻia kēia lāʻau ma ka home ma o ka catheter nasal, waiho ʻia i loko o nā puka ihu, a hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen mai kahi paukū, kahi ipu metala kahi e mālama ʻia ai ka oxygen a e lawelawe wale ʻia ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā paukū oxygen e nā papahana SUS kikoʻī a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻolimalima ʻia mai nā ʻoihana huahana hospital-hospital a hiki ke lawe ʻia hoʻi ma o kahi kākoʻo me nā huila a hiki ke lawe ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā paukū oxygen, pono kekahi mau akahele, e like me ka puhipaka ʻole ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka oxygen, e waiho ana i ka paukū i kahi ahi a pale ʻia mai ka lā.

Eia kekahi, pono i ke kanaka e hoʻohana ana i ka oxygen ma ka home i ke komo i nā pono o ka lāʻau pulse oximetry e nānā i ka saturation a i ka hihia o ke kanaka e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona e like me nā lehelehe a me nā manamana lima, poni a mae ʻole, pono ʻoe e hele koke i kahi haukapila, no ka mea Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi pae haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen i loko o kou koko.