Maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i ka gland prostate. ʻO ka prostate kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻano like walnut e hana ana i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hānau o ke kāne. Hoʻopili ia a puni ka urethra, ka paipu e lawe i ka mimi mai ke kino.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate ke kumu maʻamau o ka make ʻana mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā kāne ma mua o 75 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate i nā kāne ma mua o 40.

ʻO ka poʻe i makaʻu nui i ka:

• ʻO nā kāne ʻAmelika ʻApelika, ʻo lākou ka mea e hoʻomohala i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai i kēlā me kēia makahiki
• ʻO nā kāne ma luna o 60 mau makahiki
• ʻO nā kāne he makua kāne a kaikunāne paha me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate

ʻO nā kānaka ʻē aʻe i ka makaʻu ʻole:

• ʻO nā kāne i puni iā ​​Agent Orange
• ʻO nā kāne e ʻai i ka papaʻai i ka momona, ʻo ka momona o nā holoholona
• Kāne kāne momona

ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate i ka poʻe ʻai ʻole i ka ʻiʻo (vegetarians).

ʻO kahi pilikia maʻamau i ka ʻaneʻane o nā kāne āpau i ko lākou ʻelemakule ʻana he prostate hoʻonui ʻia. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻo benign prostatic hyperplasia, a i ʻole BPH. ʻAʻole ia e hāpai i kāu makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Akā, hiki ke hoʻonui i kāu hopena hōʻoia koko prostate-spesifik antigen (PSA).

Me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate mua, ʻaʻohe pinepine nā hōʻailona.

Hana ʻia paha ka hōʻoia koko PSA e nānā i nā kāne no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Pinepine, piʻi ka pae PSA ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau hōʻailona.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli i helu ʻia ma lalo ke hana me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ke ulu ʻoi aku ka nui ma ka prostate. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau ʻōuli e nā pilikia prostate ʻē aʻe:

• Hoʻolohi a lohi paha i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahawai urinary
• Dribbling a i ʻole ke kulu o ka mimi, pinepine pinepine ma hope o ka mimiki ʻana
• Kahawai mimi lohi
• Ke kau nei i ka wā hemo, a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke ninini i nā mimi āpau
• Koko i ka mimi a i ʻole ka semen

Ke pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai, aia paha ka ʻeha o ka iwi a i ʻole ka palupalu, pinepine i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa a me nā iwi pelvic.

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokalakupua maʻamau ʻole ka hōʻailona wale nō o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.

Pono kahi biopsy e haʻi inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. ʻO kahi biopsy kahi hana e hemo i kahi laʻana o nā kiko mai ka prostate. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana i kahi lab no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. E hana ʻia ia ma ke keʻena o kāu kauka.

Koi paha kāu kauka i kahi biopsy inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pae PSA kiʻekiʻe
• Hōʻike kahi hōʻike hoʻokolohua pololei i kahi papa paʻakikī a kaulike ʻole paha

Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena biopsy e hoʻohana ana i ka mea i kapa ʻia he papa Gleason a me kahi helu Gleason.

ʻLelo ka papa Gleason iā ʻoe i ka wikiwiki o ka palahalaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Helu ʻia ia i nā tumors ma ka pālākiō o 1 a i 5. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā helu ʻokoʻa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi hāpana biopsy. Hoʻohui pū ʻia nā māka maʻamau ʻelua. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i ka helu Gleason. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kāu helu Gleason, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ka prostate.

• Nā helu 2 a 6: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
• Helu 7: Kuwaena- (a i ʻole ma waenakonu) papa maʻi ʻaʻai. Hāʻule ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai prostate i kēia hui.
• Nā helu 8 a 10: ʻO ke kanesa kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kekahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana pae ʻoihana 5 e wehewehe i ka ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a pane i ka lāʻau.

• Pūʻulu papa 1: helu Gleason 6 a ʻoi aku (ka maʻi ʻaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa)
• Pūʻulu papa 2: helu Gleason 3 + 4 = 7 (ʻeleu pae waena)
• Pūʻulu papa 3: Gleason helu 4 + 3 = 7 (waena-papa maʻi ʻaʻai)
• Pūʻulu papa 4: Gleason helu 8 (kiʻekiʻe-papa maʻi 'aʻai)
• Pūʻulu papa 5: helu Gleason 9 a 10 (cancer high-grade)

Hōʻike kahi hui haʻahaʻa i kahi manawa kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūleʻa ma mua o kahi hui kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka hui kiʻekiʻe he ʻokoʻa ka nui o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai mai nā hunaola maʻamau. ʻO ka manaʻo o kahi hui kiʻekiʻe ʻoi aku paha ka palahalaha ʻana o ka tumo.

E hana ʻia paha nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• CT scan
• ʻImi iwi
• MRI hoʻoili

E hoʻohana pū ʻia ka hōʻoia koko PSA e nānā i kāu maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

Pili ka mālama ʻana i nā mea he nui, me kāu helu Gleason a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. E kūkākūkā kāu kauka i kāu mau koho lapaʻau me ʻoe.

Inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka gland prostate, ʻo nā ʻano maʻamau nā:

• ʻOki kino (radical prostatectomy)
• ʻO ka radiation radiation, me brachytherapy a me proton therapy

Inā ʻelemakule ʻoe, hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku e nānā wale i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me nā hōʻike PSA a me nā biopsies.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Hormone therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i pāhola ma ʻō aku o ka prostate. Kōkua ia i ke kōkua ʻana i nā ʻōuli a pale i ka ulu hou a hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hormone, ʻoki kino, a i ʻole radiation paha, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopili pū.

• ʻO Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy (ka lāʻau e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale kaua e hoʻouka a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai)

Hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kahakaha ʻana, ka radiation radiation, a me ka therapy hormonone i kāu hana moekolohe. Hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia me ka mimi ma hope o ke kaha ʻana a me ka radiation radiation. Kūkākūkā i kāu mau hopohopo me kāu kauka olakino.

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, e nānā pono ʻia ʻoe e ʻike ʻaʻole laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hōʻoia maʻamau, e like me nā hoʻokolohua koko PSA (maʻamau i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina a 1 makahiki).

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

Maikaʻi ʻoe e pili ai inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka gland prostate a pehea e maʻamau ai nā hunaola maʻiākea (ka helu Gleason) ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe.

Hiki ke hoʻōla inā ʻaʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka Hormone ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola ʻana, inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla.

Kūkākūkā i nā mea maikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka kānana PSA me kāu mea mālama ola.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā ala kūpono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Pākuʻi paha kēia i nā ʻano nohona, e like me ka papaʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.

ʻAʻohe lāʻau i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.

Kanesa - prostate; ʻO Biopsy - prostate; ʻO Biopsy Prostate; Helu helu Gleason

• Pāhawewe pelvic - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO Prostate brachytherapy - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO ka radiation radiation - nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka
• Prostatectomy radical - hoʻokuʻu

• Anatomia hānau kāne
• ʻĀpana mimi kāne
• BPH
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate
• Hōʻaʻo koko PSA
• Prostatectomy - Pūnaewele
• ʻO ka transurethral resection o ka prostate (TURP) - Series

Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Urological ʻAmelika. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo PSA no ka hana pretreatment a me ka hoʻokele posttreatment o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate: 2013 Hoʻoponopono o ka 2009 Best Practice Statement. www.auanet.org/guidelines/prostate-specific-antigen-(psa)-best-practice-statement. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 5, 2019.

Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Urological ʻAmelika. ʻIke mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate (2018): kulekele alakaʻi. www.auanet.org/guidelines/prostate-cancer-early-detection-guideline. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 22, 2019.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa olakino Prostate cancer (PDQ). www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou ʻia Kepakemapa 20, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 5, 2019.

Pūnaewele Pūnaewele Manuahi Manuahi. Nā kulekele hana hoʻokolohua NCCN i ka oncology (nā alakaʻi NCCN): ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Mana 4.2019. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 19, 2019. Loaʻa iā Kepakemapa 4, 2019.

ʻO Nelson WG, Antonarakis ES, Carter HB, De Marzo AM, DeWeese TL. Maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 81.

ʻO Stephenson AJ, ʻo Klein EA. Epidemiology, etiology, a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. I: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 107.

ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana Hana Hana US, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Ke nānā ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate: ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018; 319 (18): 1901-1913. PMID: 29801017 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801017.