Nā Lapaʻau MS a Injectable MS: He aha ka ʻokoʻa?

Anter

• Ke koho ʻana i kahi lāʻau MS
• Nā lāʻau hoʻōla iho
• Avonex (interferon beta-1a)
• ʻO Betaseron (interferon beta-1b)
• Copaxone (glatiramer acetate)
• Extavia (interferon beta-1b)
• Glatopa (glatiramer acetate)
• ʻO Plegridy (pegylated interferon beta-1a)
• Rebif (interferon beta-1a)
• Nā lāʻau hoʻoweliweli intravenous
• Lemtrada (alemtuzumab)
• Mitoxantrone hydrochloride
• ʻO Ocrevus (ocrelizumab)
• ʻO Tysabri (natalizumab)
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha
• Aubagio (teriflunomide)
• Gilenya (fingolimod)
• Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate)
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Hōʻike Overview

Multiple sclerosis (MS) kahi maʻi autoimmune kahi e hoʻouka ai ke kino pale o ke kino i ka uhi ʻana o ka myelin o kou aʻa. ʻO ka hopena, kumu kēia i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā aʻalolo iā lākou iho.

ʻAʻohe mea ola no MS, akā hiki i ka lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli a hoʻolohi i ka holomua o ka maʻi.

Hoʻolālā ʻia nā mea hoʻōla maʻi (DMTs) e hoʻolohi i ka holo lōʻihi o ka maʻi, hōʻemi i ka hoʻi hou ʻana, a pale i ka hōʻino hou ʻana.

Hiki i nā DMT ke lawe waha ʻia a i ʻole ka pahu kui. Hiki i nā inikua ke hōʻeha ʻia iā ʻoe iho ma ka home a i ʻole hāʻawi ʻia i infusions intravenous i kahi hoʻonohonoho maʻi.

Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi i nā lāʻau ʻelua a me nā injectable a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe. Hele mai ka poʻe he nui me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūikawā mai ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Ke koho ʻana i kahi lāʻau MS

Nui a hewahewa nā kumu e noʻonoʻo ai i ka hoʻoholo ʻana ma waena o nā lāʻau a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana, lawe ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau injectable e lawe ʻia me ka emi pinepine.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e kaupaona i nā pilikia e kūʻē i nā pono a hoʻoholo i ka koho ʻoi loa nāu.

He mea nui kāu makemake i ke koho ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā mālama. ʻO nā mea nui āu e makemake ai e noʻonoʻo.

• ka hopena o ka lāʻau
• nā hopena ʻaoʻao
• ke alapine o nā kau
• ke ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia e lawelawe i ka lāʻau

Nā lāʻau hoʻōla iho

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī e hana i ka mahele nui o DMT. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka mālama wā lōʻihi o ka hoʻi hou ʻana o MS (RRMS).

E hoʻomaʻamaʻa kahi loea lapaʻau iā ʻoe i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke lawelawe palekana i kāu lāʻau ponoʻī. Hiki i ka hapa nui o kēia mau lāʻau ke hana i ka ʻulaʻula, ka pehu ʻana, a me ka ʻeha ma ka pūnaewele injection, me ka hoʻohui i nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Avonex (interferon beta-1a)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, he antiviral waiwai
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: hebedoma, hoʻokomo ʻiʻo intramuscular
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻeha poʻo, hōʻailona like flu
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: pono ke nānā ʻia nā ʻenema ate a me ka helu piha o ke koko (CBC)

ʻO Betaseron (interferon beta-1b)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, he antiviral waiwai
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: kēlā me kēia lā, ʻāpana subcutaneous
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: nā ʻōuli e like me ka flu, helu haʻahaʻa keokeo keokeo (WBC)
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: pono ke nānā ʻia nā ʻenema ate a me CBC

Copaxone (glatiramer acetate)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, ālai i ka myelin
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ʻekolu mau manawa i kēlā me kēia pule, injection subcutaneous
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: flushing, pōkole o ka hanu, ʻeha, ʻeha o ka umauma
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke lilo i nā pūnaewele ʻāwīwī i nīnū paʻa mau no ka mea ua luku ʻia nā mea momona (ma ke ʻano he hopena, pono ʻia ka hoʻohuli pono ʻana i nā pūnaewele i hoʻokomo ʻia)

Extavia (interferon beta-1b)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, he antiviral waiwai
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: kēlā me kēia lā, ʻāpana subcutaneous
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻōuli e like me ka maʻi palū, headache
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: pono ke nānā ʻia nā ʻenema ate a me CBC

Glatopa (glatiramer acetate)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, ālai i ka myelin
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: i kēlā me kēia lā, injection subcutaneous
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻulaʻula, pehu, ʻeha ma ke kahua o ka injection
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke lilo i nā pūnaewele ʻāwīwī i nīnū paʻa mau no ka mea ua luku ʻia nā mea momona (ma ke ʻano he hopena, paipai ʻia ka hoʻohuli pono ʻana i nā pūnaewele i hoʻokomo ʻia)

ʻO Plegridy (pegylated interferon beta-1a)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, he antiviral waiwai
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: i kēlā me kēia pule ʻelua, subcutaneous injection
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: nā ʻōuli like flu
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: pono e nānā i nā enzymes ate

Rebif (interferon beta-1a)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, he antiviral waiwai
• Hana pinepine a me ka hana: ʻekolu manawa i kēlā me kēia pule, injection subcutaneous
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: nā ʻōuli like flu
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: pono e nānā i nā enzymes ate

Nā lāʻau hoʻoweliweli intravenous

ʻO kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke koho injection no ka mālama ʻana iā MS he infusion intravenous. Ma kahi o ke komo ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana intramuscularly a subcutaneously paha, hele pololei nā infusions i kahi aa.

Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā infusions i kahi hoʻonohonoho pilikino e kahi loea i aʻo ʻia. ʻAʻole mālama pinepine ʻia nā ʻōmole.

Hiki i nā infusions intravenous ke hopena i ka nui o ka makaʻu o nā maʻi i hoʻohui ʻia me nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

ʻO Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus) ka lāʻau wale nō i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA no nā poʻe me MS holomua mua (PPMS). Ua ʻae ʻia e mālama iā RRMS.

Lemtrada (alemtuzumab)

• Pono: kaomi i nā hunaola hoʻopōʻino myelin
• Hana pinepine: i kēlā me kēia lā no nā lā ʻelima; hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, i kēlā me kēia lā no nā lā ʻekolu
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: nausea, luaʻi, diarrhea, ʻeha poʻo, ʻāwīwī, ʻōwili
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke kumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (IPT), kahi maʻi koko

Mitoxantrone hydrochloride

Loaʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he lāʻau laula.

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator a me suppressor
• Hana pinepine: hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu mahina (palena palena o 8 a 12 infusions ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha makahiki)
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: poho lauoho, nausea, amenorrhea
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ka naʻau a me ka leukemia; kūpono wale nō no ka poʻe me nā hihia koʻikoʻi o RRMS, ma muli o ka nui o ka hopena o nā hopena ʻino

ʻO Ocrevus (ocrelizumab)

• Pono: nā pahuhopu B, ʻo ia nā WBC e hōʻino ai i nā aʻalolo
• Hana pinepine: ʻelua mau pule kaawale no ʻelua mau kaha ma mua; i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina no nā kau ma hope
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻōuli e like me ka maʻi palū, maʻi
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke kumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a, i nā manawa maʻamau, nā hopena infusion hoʻoweliweli ola

ʻO Tysabri (natalizumab)

• Pono: kaohi i nā lāpili adhesion, ka mea e hoʻohaunaele i ka ʻōnaehana pale
• Hana pinepine: i kēlā me kēia pule ʻehā
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻeha poʻo, ʻeha pū, luhi, kaumaha, hōʻoluʻolu o ka ʻōpū
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka leukoencephalopathy multifocal holomua (PML), kahi maʻi lolo hiki ke make

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha

Inā ʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻoe i nā nila, aia nā koho waha no ka mālama ʻana iā MS. Lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ʻelua mau lā i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha ka mea maʻalahi loa e hoʻoponopono iā ʻoe iho akā koi ʻoe e mālama i kahi papa hana maʻamau.

Aubagio (teriflunomide)

• Pono: hana ma ke ʻano he immune system modulator, kāpae i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nerve
• Hana pinepine: i kēlā me kēia lā
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻeha ke poʻo, loli ke akepaʻa (e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ate a i ʻole nā ​​ʻelima ate kiʻekiʻe), nausea, poho lauoho, hoʻemi ʻia ka helu WBC
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke hōʻeha i ka ʻeha o ke ake a me nā kīnā hānau

Gilenya (fingolimod)

• Pono: ālai i nā hunaola T mai ka haʻalele ʻana i nā helu lymph
• Hana pinepine: i kēlā me kēia lā
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: ʻōuli e like me ka flu, nā ʻenema ate kiʻekiʻe
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kaomi koko, ka hana ate, a me ka hana puʻuwai

Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate)

• Pono: Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai anti-inflammatory, pale i nā aʻa a me ka myelin mai ka hōʻino
• Hana pinepine: ʻelua manawa i kēlā me kēia lā
• Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ke hoʻopili: nā loli gastrointestinal, hoʻemi i ka helu WBC, nā enzymes ate kiʻekiʻe
• Aia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me: hiki ke hana i nā hopena maʻi kūpilikiʻi, e like me ka anaphylaxis

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana iā MS ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli, kaohi i nā relapses, a hoʻolohi i ka holo lōʻihi o ka maʻi.

Hiki mai nā mālama MS injectable i ʻelua mau ʻano: injectable ponoʻī a me nā infusions intravenous. ʻAʻole pono e lawe pinepine ʻia ka nui o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia e like me nā lāʻau o ka waha, i lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā.

Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi MS āpau i nā pono, nā hopena ʻaoʻao, a me nā pilikia. ʻO ka mea nui loa ʻo ia kāu e mālama ai i kāu lāʻau e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia, me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau.

Inā lawa nā hopena ʻaoʻao e makemake ai ʻoe e haʻalele i nā lāʻau, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i kahi koho maikaʻi loa nāu.