Nānā komo: he aha ia a he aha ia

Anter

• No ke aha ia
• Nā ʻano o ka meaʻai kino komo
• Pehea e hānai ai i kahi kanaka me ka meaʻai hānai
• 1. ʻAiʻai paina
• 2. Nā kūmomo komo
• Nā pilikia i hiki
• Ke hoʻohana ʻole ʻia

ʻO kaʻai mea komo kahi ʻano meaʻai e ʻae ai i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā meaola āpau, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana o lākou, ma o ka ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal, ke hiki ʻole i ke kanaka ke hoʻopau i kahi papaʻai maʻamau, no ka mea pono ia e ʻai i nā mea ʻai hou aku, a no ka mea he nalo o nā meaola, a i ʻole no ka mea pono e haʻalele i ka ʻōnaehana digestive i ka hoʻomaha.

Lawe ʻia kēia ʻano meaʻai kūpono ma o ka paipu, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he paipu hānai, i hiki ke waiho ʻia mai ka ihu, a mai ka waha paha, a i ka ʻōpū, a i ka ʻōpū. ʻO kona lōʻihi a me kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai e ʻokoʻa e like me ka maʻi maʻi, ke kūlana maʻamau o ke olakino, ka lōʻihi i manaʻo ʻia a me ke kumu e hoʻokō ai.

ʻO kekahi ala liʻiliʻi e lawelawe ai i ka hānai enteral ma o ka ostomy, kahi e hoʻokau pono ʻia ai ka paipu mai ka ʻili a i ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻōpū, e hōʻike ʻia ana i ka wā e pono ai kēia ʻano hānai ma mua o 4 mau pule, no ka mea. nā hihia o ka poʻe me Alzheimer holomua.

No ke aha ia

Hoʻohana ʻia ka meaʻai enteral i ka wā e pono ai e hoʻokele i nā calorie hou aʻe a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia kēia mau mea e ka papaʻai maʻamau, a i ʻole ke ʻae ʻana kekahi maʻi i ka ʻai ʻana o nā calories ma ka waha. Eia naʻe, pono e holo pono ka ʻōpū.

No laila, ʻo kekahi mau hanana i hiki ke lawelawe ʻia nā meaʻai enteral:

• ʻO nā pēpē ʻōpio ma mua o 24 mau pule;
• ʻO ka maʻi hanu hanu.
• Malformations o ka gastrointestinal'āpana;
• Trauma poʻo;
• Maʻi kōpū pōkole;
• Kākoʻo pancreatitis i ka wā hoʻōla;
• Diarrhea maʻi a me ka maʻi ʻōpū;
• Burns a i ʻole caustic esophagitis;
• Maʻi maʻi Malabsorption;
• Maʻi maikaʻi loa;
• Nā maʻi ʻai, e like me anorexia nervosa.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano meaʻai like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ma waena o ka meaʻai makua, i kau pono ʻia i ka aa, a me ka hānai waha.

Nā ʻano o ka meaʻai kino komo

Nui a hewahewa nā ala e lawelawe ai i ka meaʻai komo loko ma o ka paipu, i hoʻopili ʻia:

Hiki ke lawelawe ʻia kēia ʻano o ka hānai ʻana me kahi syringe, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he bolus, a i ʻole ma o ka ikaika o ka umekaumaha a i ʻole ka pump infusion. Ma ke kūpono, pono e lawelawe ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi ma kēlā me kēia 3 a 4 mau hola, akā aia kekahi mau hihia kahi hiki ke hana mau i ka hānai ʻana, me ke kōkua o kahi pump infusion. Hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻano pam i nā neʻe o ke ʻōpū, e ʻae maikaʻi i ka hānai ʻana, keu hoʻi ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka paipu i loko o ka ʻōpū.

Pehea e hānai ai i kahi kanaka me ka meaʻai hānai

ʻO ka meaʻai a me ka nui e lawelawe ʻia ai e pili i kekahi mau mea, e like me ka makahiki, ke kūlana nutritional, nā pono, nā maʻi a me ka hiki o ka ʻōnaehana digestive. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hānai ʻana me ka leo haʻahaʻa o 20 mL i kēlā me kēia hola, e hoʻonui iki ana.

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea hānai ma o ka papaʻai paopao a i ʻole ma o ka haʻina komo.

1. ʻAiʻai paina

Aia i loko o ka lawelawe ʻana o ka meaʻai ʻānai a hānai ʻia e ka probe. I kēia hihia, pono ka dietist e helu kikoʻī i ka papaʻai, a me ka nui o nā meaʻai a me ka manawa e lawelawe ai lākou. I kēia papaʻai he mea maʻamau ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea kanu, nā kūmū, nā ʻiʻo lean a me nā huaʻai.

E noʻonoʻo paha ka nutristist i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka papaʻai me ka formal enteral, e hōʻoia i ka lawa pono o nā meaola āpau, e pale ana i ka malnutr.

ʻOiai kokoke loa ia i ka meaʻai maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena o kēia ʻano meaʻai i nā maʻi bacteria, a e pau paha ka palena ʻana i ka omo ʻana o kekahi mau meaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻoiai nā meaʻai i haki ʻia, hōʻike pū ʻia kēia papaʻai i ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka hoʻowalewale.

2. Nā kūmomo komo

Nui a hewahewa nā kaʻina hana i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i nā pono o ka poʻe ma ke komo ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ʻo ia pū kekahi:

• Polymeric: aia nā formulate i loko o nā meaola āpau, e like me nā protein, carbohydrates, momona, nā wikamina a me nā minelala.
• Kumuhana Semi, oligomeric a i ʻole semi-hydrolyzed: nā formulate nona nā meaola i lawe mua ʻia, maʻalahi e lawe i ka pae ʻōpū.
• Kumumua a i ʻole hydrolyzed: loaʻa iā lākou nā meaola maʻalahi āpau i kā lākou haku mele ʻana, maʻalahi maʻalahi e omo i ka pae ʻōpū.
• Modular: he formulate lākou i loko wale nō o ka macronutrient e like me nā proteins, nā haʻuki a i ʻole nā ​​momona. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hana i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka macronutrient kikoʻī.

Hoʻohui ʻia i kēia mau mea, aia kekahi ʻano hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe i hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻano maʻi maʻamau e like me ka maʻi diabetes, nā pilikia o ke ake a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Nā pilikia i hiki

I ka wā o kaʻai pono komo, hiki i kekahi mau pilikia ke ala aʻe, mai nā pilikia mechanical, e like me ka pale ʻana i ka paipu, i nā maʻi, e like me ka pulumonia aspiration, a i ʻole ka haki ʻana o ka ʻōpū.

Hiki i nā pilikia Metabolic a i ʻole ka make wai, nā huakine a me nā deficit mineral, hoʻonui ʻia ke kō kō a i ʻole ke kaulike ʻole electrolyte. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi mau hihia o ka diarrhea, constipation, bloating, reflux, nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hōʻalo i kēia mau pilikia āpau inā aia ka nānā a me ke alakaʻi mai ke kauka, a me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka paipu a me nā hana hanai.

Ke hoʻohana ʻole ʻia

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā meaʻai Enteral no nā mea maʻi ma ka makaʻu nui o ka bronchoaspiration, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka wai mai ka paipu e komo i loko o nā akemāmā, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka poʻe i paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​mea e ʻeha nei i ka reflux koʻikoʻi.

Eia hou, pono nō hoʻi i kekahi ke hōʻalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai enteral i ka poʻe decompensated a i ʻole kūpaʻa ʻole, ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi diarrhea, ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka luaʻi pinepine, ka gastric hemorrhage, ka enterocolitis necrotizing, ka pancreatitis huʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​hihia kahi e loaʻa ai ka maʻi kōpū. I kēia mau hihia āpau, ʻo ke koho ʻoi loa ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka meaʻai makua. E ʻike he aha kēia ʻano meaʻai.