ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā olonā i ko mākou mau kino

Anter

• Nā ʻano
• Muscle iwi
• Mīkini mānoanoa
• ʻ .kena Cardiac
• Launch
• ʻO ka wikiwiki-vs. vs. slow-twitch
• Nā ʻeha a me nā pilikia
• Ke laina lalo

Hana ka ʻōnaehana muscular e kaohi i ka neʻe o ko mākou kino a me nā mea i loko. Loaʻa i kaʻiʻo Muscle i kahi mea i kapa ʻia nāʻiʻo muscle.

ʻO nā olonā Muscle kahi o kahi aʻa puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi. Kōkua lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā ikaika kino i loko o ke kino. Ke hui pū ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana o kāu mau lālā a me nā mea āpau.

Nui a hewahewa ke ʻano o nā olonā, nā ʻano like ʻole. E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia ʻano ʻano, nā mea a lākou e hana ai, a me nā mea hou aʻe.

Nā ʻano

ʻEkolu ou ʻano o nā mākala i kou kino. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• mākala iwi
• mākala mānoanoa
• puʻuwai puʻuwai

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano o nā mākala nāʻiʻo i nā olonā. E luʻu hohonu kākou i nā olonā i kēlā me kēia ʻano o nā mākala.

Muscle iwi

Hana ʻia kēlā me kēia o kou mau iwi iwi i nā haneli a i nā kaukani o nā olonā i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia e nā mea hoʻopili.

Loaʻa i loko o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana mākala nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia me nā filament lahilahi a lahilahi. ʻO kēia ke kumu e striated ai kaʻiʻo o ka mākala, a i ʻole kahi kahakaha kona helehelena.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā olonā iwi iwi i ʻelua mau ʻano: ʻano 1 a ʻano 2. Haki hou ʻia ka ʻano 2 i mau subtypes.

• ʻAno 1. Hoʻohana kēia mau olonā i ka oxygen e hana i ka ikehu no ka neʻe. ʻO ke ʻano o nā fibre type 1 he kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o nā organelles e hana ana i ka ikehu i kapa ʻia ʻo mitochondria. ʻEleʻele kēia iā lākou.
• ʻAno 2A. E like me nā olonā 1, hiki i nā olonā 2A ke hoʻohana i ka oxygen e hana i ka ikehu no ka neʻe. Eia nō naʻe, emi lākou i loko o ka mitochondria, e hoʻomālamalama ana iā lākou.
• ʻAno 2B. ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā lālā 2B i ka oxygen e hana i ka ikehu. Akā, mālama lākou i ka ikehu i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā pohā pōkole o ka neʻe. Loaʻa i loko o lākou nā mitochondria ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā olonā 2A a keʻokeʻo.

Mīkini mānoanoa

ʻAʻole like me nā mākala iwi, ʻaʻole i huki ʻia nā mākala laumania. Hāʻawi i ko lākou ʻano helehelena hou i ko lākou inoa.

Loaʻa i nā olonā momona i kahi ʻano oblong, e like me ka pīpeka. ʻOi aku lākou he mau kaukani manawa ka ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o nā olonā iwi iwi.

ʻ .kena Cardiac

E like me nā mākala iwi, huki ʻia nā mākala puʻuwai. Loaʻa wale lākou i ka puʻuwai. Loaʻa i nā olonā Cardiac i mau hiʻohiʻona kū hoʻokahi.

Loaʻa i nā olonā Cardiac i kā lākou mele ponoʻī. ʻO nā hunaola kūikawā, i kapa ʻia he mau nūpepa pacemaker, e hoʻokumu i nā impulses e hana i ka ʻaʻa puʻuwai puʻuwai. Hana ʻia kēia ma ka wikiwiki mau, akā hiki ke wikiwiki a hoʻolōʻihi paha i ka wā e pono ai.

ʻO ka lua, hoʻopili ʻia a pili nā iwi o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. Ke hoʻoulu ka naʻau pacemaker i kahi impulse, pālahalaha ʻia ia i kahi papa hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho ʻia a me ka nalu, kahi e kōkua ai i ka pā ʻana o kou puʻuwai.

Launch

He ʻano ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nāʻiʻo i loko o kou kino.

• Muscle iwi. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mākala i kou iwi e nā ʻāʻī a kaohi i nā neʻe manawaleʻa o kou kino. ʻO nā laʻana e like me ka hele wāwae, kūlou ʻana, a ʻohi ʻana i kahi mea.
• Mīkini mānoanoa. Kūpono nā mākala mānoanoa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi iā lākou. Loaʻa lākou i loko o kāu ʻōpū o loko a me nā maka. ʻO nā laʻana o kekahi o kā lākou hana e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka meaʻai ma o kāu wahi digestive a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nui o kāu haumāna.
• Mīkini puʻuwai. Loaʻa kaʻiʻo Cardiac i kou puʻuwai. E like me ka ʻono momona, he hana manawaleʻa pū kekahi. Hoʻopaʻa ka ʻaʻa muscle Cardiac i kahi ala i hoʻohui ʻia e ʻae i kou puʻuwai e paʻi.

Hana nā olonā a me nā mākala i ka neʻe ʻana i ke kino. Akā pehea e hana ai kēia? ʻOiai ʻokoʻa ka ʻōnaehana kikoʻī ma waena o nā mākala striated a me ka laumā, like ka hana maʻamau.

ʻO ka mea mua i hana ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo depolarization. Hoʻololi ka Depolarization i ka uku uila. Hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻia e kahi hoʻokomo stimulate e like me ka impulse nerve a i ʻole, i ka hihia o ka puʻuwai, e nā pūnaewele pacemaker.

Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Depolarization i kahi hopena paʻa paʻa i waena o nā olonā. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ikehu, ka hopena i ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā mākala. Hoʻomaha nā mākala ke kū lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻokomo stimulator.

ʻO ka wikiwiki-vs. vs. slow-twitch

Ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ka ʻeleu wikiwiki (FT) a me ka ʻū mālie-twitch (ST). ʻO FT a me ST e pili ana i nā olonā nā iwi iwi. ʻO nā ʻano 2A a me 2B e manaʻo ʻia he FT ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻano 1 ʻano ST.

E nānā ʻo FT a me ST pehea ka ʻaelike wikiwiki o nā mākala. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka wikiwiki a kahi aelike musopa e hoʻoholo ai i ka wikiwiki o ka hana ma ATP. ʻO ATP kahi mole e hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu ke wāwahi ʻia. FT lūlū i nā ATP i ʻelua mau manawa i ka wikiwiki o nā fiber ST.

Hoʻohui ʻia, nā olonā e hoʻohana ana i ka oxygen e hoʻohua i ka ikehu (ATP) luhi ma kahi lohi lohi ma mua o nā mea ʻole. No ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana, nā mākala iwi i helu ʻia mai ke kiʻekiʻe a i lalo.

1. ʻano 1
2. ʻano 2A
3. ʻano 2B

Maikaʻi nā olonā ST no nā hana lōʻihi lōʻihi. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me ke kau ʻana i ke kūlana a me ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i nā iwi a me nā hono. Hoʻohana pū ʻia lākou i nā hana hoʻomanawanui, e like me ka holo ʻana, ke kaʻa paikikala, a ʻauʻau paha.

Hana nā olonā FT i nā pōkole pōkole, ʻoi aku o ka pahū o ka ikehu. Ma muli o kēia, maikaʻi lākou i nā hana e pili ana i ka puhi ʻana o ka ikehu a i ʻole ka ikaika. ʻO nā laʻana e laʻa me ka sprint a me ka hāpai kaumaha.

Loaʻa i nā kānaka āpau nā mākala FT a me ST i loko o ko lākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka nui o kēlā me kēia mea ma waena o kēlā me kēia.

Hiki i ka FT versus ST ke hoʻohuli i nā haʻuki. 'Speakinglelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā fibre ST i nā ʻōlapa ahonui, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea pāʻani e like me nā sprinters a i ʻole nā ​​hāpai-hāpai pinepine ka nui o nā kaula FT.

Nā ʻeha a me nā pilikia

Hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā olonā i nā pilikia. Aia kekahi mau laʻana o kēia akā ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i:

• Pākuʻi. Kū nā puʻupuʻu Muscle i ka wā e ʻaelike ʻole ai ka pulupulu iwi hoʻokahi, nā mākala, a i ʻole ka pūʻulu muscle āpau. He ʻeha pinepine lākou a hiki ke mau no kekona a minuke paha.
• ʻEha ʻeha. ʻO kēia ke kikoo a haehae ʻia nā olonā iwi iwi. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka wā e hoʻonui ai kahi mākala ma mua o kona palena a i ʻole hana ʻia e hana i ka ʻaelike ikaika loa. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu maʻamau nā haʻuki a me nā ulia pōpilikia.
• Palsy. Kūpono kēia mau mea ma muli o nā kūlana e hoʻopili ana i nā aʻalolo. Hiki ke hele i kēia mau ʻano e hoʻopili i nā mākala iwi, a hiki i ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka lōlō. ʻO nā laʻana me Bell's palsy a me Guyon canal syndrome.
• Asthma. I ka hānō, ʻaelike nā mākala maʻemaʻe i loko o kāu mau kahawai i ka pane ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ala ea a me nā pilikia hanu.
• ʻO ka maʻi ahulau coronary (CAD). Hana kēia inā ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen o kou puʻuwai puʻuwai a hiki ke kumu i nā ʻōuli e like me angina. Hiki i ka CAD ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, kahi e hopena ai i ka hana o kou puʻuwai.
• Nā maʻi maʻi muscular. He hui kēia o nā maʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā olonā i nāʻiʻo, e alakaʻi ana i kahi nalo holomua o ka nui a me nāwaliwali.

Ke laina lalo

Loaʻa i nāʻiʻo muscle āpau i kou kino i nā olonā. ʻO nā olonā mākala nā hunaola mākala hoʻokahi. Ke hui pū ʻia, hana lākou e hana i ka neʻe ʻana o kou kino a me nā ʻokoko o loko.

ʻEkolu ou ʻano mākala: ʻiwi, ʻoluʻolu, a me ka puʻuwai. Loaʻa i nā olonā i kēia ʻano ʻano nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano.

Hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā mākala i nā pilikia. Hiki i kēia ke kumu o nā mea e like me ka ʻeha pololei, kahi kūlana nerve, a i ʻole kahi ʻano olakino olakino. Hiki i nā kūlana e hoʻopili ana i nā olonā i, ke hoʻohuli i ka hana o kahi mākala kikoʻī a i ʻole ka pūʻulu muscle.