LDL: Ke Cholesterol "maikaʻi"

Anter

• Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo
• He aha ka kolesterol?
• He aha nā LDL a me HDL?
• Pehea e hiki ai i kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe ke hāpai i koʻu makaʻu i ka maʻi o ke aʻa a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe?
• Pehea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu pae LDL?
• He aha ka mea e hoʻopili ai i koʻu pae LDL?
• He aha kaʻu pae LDL?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kaʻu pae LDL?

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo

He aha ka kolesterol?

ʻO Cholesterol kahi waxy, mea momona-like i loaʻa i nā hunaola āpau i kou kino. Hana kou akepa i ka cholesterol, a aia nō ia i loko o kekahi mau meaʻai, e like me kaʻiʻo a me nā mea hana waiū. Pono kou kino i kahi kolesterol e hana pono. Akā ʻo ka nui o ka cholesterol i loko o kou koko e hoʻāla ai i kou makaʻu i ka maʻi coronary artery.

He aha nā LDL a me HDL?

ʻO LDL a me HDL ʻelua mau ʻano lipoproteins. He hui lākou o ka momona (lipid) a me ka protein. Pono e hoʻopili i nā lipida i nā protein i hiki ai iā lākou ke neʻe ma waena o ke koko. He mau kumu ʻokoʻa ko LDL a me HDL:

• Kū ka LDL i nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Kāhea ʻia ia i kekahi manawa ʻo ke kolesterol "maikaʻi" no ka mea ʻo kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi i kahi buildup o ka kolesterol i loko o kāu mau aʻa.
• Kū ka HDL i nā lipoproteins kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe. Kāhea ʻia ia i kekahi manawa ʻo ke kolesterol "maikaʻi" no ka mea lawe ia i ka cholesterol mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino i hoʻi i kou ake. Lawe aku kou akepaʻa i ka cholesterol mai kou kino.

Pehea e hiki ai i kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe ke hāpai i koʻu makaʻu i ka maʻi o ke aʻa a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pae kiʻekiʻe LDL, ʻo ia hoʻi he nui loa kāu LDL cholesterol i kou koko. ʻO kēia LDL keu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hana i ka pā. Kūkulu ka pā i kou aʻa; he kūlana kēia i kapa ʻia ʻo atherosclerosis.

Hana ʻia ka maʻi o ke aʻa maʻi ke loaʻa ka plake i loko o nā aʻa o kou puʻuwai. Kuhi ia i nā aʻa e paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi, kahi e lohi a ālai paha i ke kahe o ke koko i kou puʻuwai. Ma muli o ka lawe ʻana o kou koko i ka oxygen i kou puʻuwai, eia ke ʻano ʻaʻole hiki i kou puʻuwai ke lawa ka oxygen. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka angina (ʻeha o ka umauma), a i ʻole inā paʻa loa ke kahe o ke koko, kahi maʻi puʻuwai.

Pehea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu pae LDL?

Hiki i kahi hōʻoia koko ke ana i kāu mau pae kolesterol, me LDL. I ka manawa a pehea kou manawa e loaʻa ai kēia hōʻoia ma muli o kou mau makahiki, nā kumu pilikia, a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ākea:

No ka poʻe 19 a ʻoi paha mau makahiki:

• ʻO ka hōʻike mua ma waena o nā makahiki 9 a 11
• Pono nā keiki e hōʻoia hou i kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki
• Hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke hōʻoia i kēia hoʻokolohua e hoʻomaka ana ma ka makahiki 2 inā aia kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ke koko, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me ka hahau ʻana

No ka poʻe i piha ka makahiki 20 a ʻoi paha:

• Pono nā ʻōpio ʻōpio e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki
• ʻO nā kāne 45 a 65 a me nā wahine 55 a 65 paha mau makahiki e loaʻa iā ia i kēlā me kēia 1 a 2 mau makahiki

He aha ka mea e hoʻopili ai i koʻu pae LDL?

Nā mea i hiki ke hoʻopili i kāu pae LDL

• Meaʻai ʻO ka momona momona a me ka koleka i loko o ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai e piʻi ai kou kiʻekiʻe o ke koko kolesterol
• Kaumaha. Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui i kāu pae LDL, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu pae HDL, a hoʻonui i kāu pae kolesterol āpau
• Hana Kino. ʻO ka hemahema o ka hana kino hiki ke alakaʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona, hiki ke hāpai i kāu pae LDL
• Puhipaka. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka uahi paka i kāu HDL kolamu. Ma muli o ke kōkua ʻana o HDL e kāpae i ka LDL mai kāu mau aʻa, inā he emi kāu HDL, hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe i kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe aʻe.
• Ka makahiki a me ka moekolohe. I ka ulu ʻana o ka wahine a me nā kāne, piʻi aʻe kā lākou pae kolesterol. Ma mua o ka makahiki o ka menopause, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā kiʻekiʻe o ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne o ka makahiki like. Ma hope o ka makahiki o ka menopause, piʻi nā pae o ka wahine LDL.
• Nā Genetics. Hoʻoholo hapa iki kāu mau gen i ka nui o ka hana a ke kolamu o kou kino. Hiki i ka kolesterol kiʻekiʻe ke holo i loko o nā ʻohana. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka hypercholesterolemia ʻohana (FH) kahi ʻano hoʻoilina o ke koko kiʻekiʻe kolokela.
• Nā Lapaʻau. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau, e laʻa me nā steroid, kekahi mau lāʻau kahe koko, a me nā lāʻau HIV / AIDS, hiki ke hoʻāla i kāu pae LDL.
• Nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā maʻi e like me nā maʻi maʻi kōpaʻa mau, diabetes, a me HIV / AIDS hiki ke hana i kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe aʻe.
• Heihei. Hiki i kekahi mau lāhui ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koko kolesterol. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kiʻekiʻe o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i nā kiʻekiʻe HDL a me LDL kolamu ma mua o nā keʻokeʻo.

He aha kaʻu pae LDL?

Me ka LDL kolesterol, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā helu haʻahaʻa, no ka mea hiki i kahi pae LDL kiʻekiʻe ke hāpai i kāu makaʻikaʻi no ka maʻi coronary artery a me nā pilikia pili.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kaʻu pae LDL?

ʻElua ala nui e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu kolamu LDL:

• Hoʻololi nā ʻano nohona Therapeutic (TLC). ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana ʻo TLC:
• ʻAi-ola ʻaina. Hoʻonohonoho kahi papaʻai olakino naʻau i ka nui o nā momona a me nā momona momona āu e ʻai ai. ʻO nā laʻana o ka hoʻolālā ʻai e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu kolesterol e komo pū me ka papaʻaina Therapeutic Lifestyle Change a me ka papaʻai ʻai DASH.
• Ka Hoʻolālā Kaumaha. Inā kaumaha nui ʻoe, hiki i ka lilo ʻana o ka paona ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kāu kolamu LDL.
• Hana Kino. Pono i kēlā me kēia mea ke hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau (30 mau minuke ma ka hapanui, inā ʻaʻole āpau, nā lā).
• Lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā loli ka nohona wale nō e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kāu kolesterol, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau. Loaʻa kekahi ʻano o nā lāʻau hoʻoliʻiliʻi kolesterol i loaʻa, me nā statins. Hana nā lāʻau i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻokoʻa. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino e pili ana i nā mea kūpono iā ʻoe. ʻOiai ʻoe e lawe nei i nā lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu kolesterol, pono ʻoe e hoʻomau me nā loli o ka nohona.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe me ka hypercholesterolemia ʻohana (FH) ke loaʻa i kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo lipoprotein apheresis. Hoʻohana kēia lapaʻau i kahi mīkini kānana e hemo iā LDL cholesterol mai ke koko. A laila hoʻihoʻi ka mīkini i ke koena o ke koko i ke kanaka.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, a me Blood Institute