Maikaʻi ʻole ʻo Gluten? ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi

Anter

• He aha ka Gluten?
• ʻO Intolerance Gluten
• ʻO ka maʻi Celiac
• ʻAhaʻi Wili
• ʻO ka Sensitivity Gluten Non-Celiac
• Nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe e pono paha mai kahi papa ʻaina Gluten-Free
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Autoimmune
• Nā Kūlana ʻē aʻe
• Pono nā kānaka āpau e hōʻalo iā Gluten?
• No ke aha e maikaʻi ai ka poʻe he nui
• Palekana anei kēia papaʻai?
• ʻOi aku ke olakino o nā huahana Gluten-Free?
• Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO ka hele ʻana i ka gluten-ʻole ke ʻano olakino nui loa o nā makahiki he 10 i hala, akā aia ka huikau no ka pilikia o ka gluten no kēlā me kēia kanaka a i ʻole nā ​​mea wale nō me kekahi ʻano olakino.

He maopopo he pono i kekahi poʻe e hōʻalo iā ia no nā kumu olakino, e like me nā mea me ka maʻi celiac a i ʻole ke ahonui.

Eia nō naʻe, nui ka poʻe i ka honua olakino a olakino e ʻōlelo nei e pono i kēlā me kēia e ukali i kahi papaʻai gluten-ʻole me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole a ʻole.

Ua alakaʻi kēia i mau miliona o ka poʻe e haʻalele i ka gluten i ka manaolana o ka lilo ʻana o ke kaumaha, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka naʻau, a me ke olakino.

Eia nō naʻe, e noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke kākoʻo ʻia o kēia mau hana e ka ʻepekema.

ʻLelo kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe inā maikaʻi ʻole ka gluten iā ʻoe.

He aha ka Gluten?

ʻOiai manaʻo pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he hui hoʻokahi, ʻo ka gluten kahi huaʻōlelo hui e kuhikuhi ana i nā ʻano protein like ʻole (prolamins) i loaʻa i ka palaoa, bale, rai, a me triticale (ke keʻa ma waena o ka palaoa a me ka rai) ().

Aia nā prolamins like ʻole, akā pili nā mea āpau a loaʻa nā ʻano like a me nā waiwai. ʻO nā hua nui i ka palaoa e komo pū me gliadin a me glutenin, ʻo ka mea mua i ka bale ka hordein ().

ʻO nā protein Gluten - e like me ka glutenin a me gliadin - he lahilahi nui, ʻo ia ke kumu e kūpono ai nā huaʻai gluten no ka hana ʻana i ka palaoa a me nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻonui ʻia ka gluten ma ke ʻano o ka huahana pauka i kapa ʻia he gluten palaoa nui i nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia e hoʻonui i ka ikaika, ala a me ka wā paʻa o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia.

ʻO nā hua a me nā meaʻai a Gluten i loko o ka hapa nui o nā papaʻai o kēia mau lā, me ka ʻai i manaʻo ʻia i nā papa Komohana ma kahi o 5-20 mau gram i kēlā me kēia lā ().

Kūʻē nui nā protein Gluten i nā protease protease e wāwahi i nā protein i kāu wahi digestive.

ʻO ka digestion piha ʻole o nā protein i ʻae i nā peptides - nā ʻāpana nui o nā amino acid, nā wahi kūkulu o nā protein - e hele aʻe ma o ka paia o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i ke koena o kou kino.

Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā pane pale ʻole i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻano pili gluten, e like me ka maʻi celiac ().

ʻO Gluten kahi manawa umbrella e pili ana i kahi ʻohana o nā protein i ʻike ʻia he prolamins. Kūpono kēia mau protein i ka digestion o ke kanaka.

ʻO Intolerance Gluten

ʻO ka ʻōlelo intolerance huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ʻekolu mau ʻano o nā kūlana ().

ʻOiai he mau ʻano like ko kēia mau kūlana aʻe, ʻokoʻa loa ia i ke ʻano o ke kumu, ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a me ke koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka maʻi Celiac

ʻO ka maʻi Celiac kahi maʻi autoimmune ʻōpala i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kumu a me nā hopena o ke kaiapuni. Hoʻopili ia ma kahi o 1% o ko ka honua heluna.

Eia nō naʻe, i nā ʻāina e like me Finilana, Mekiko, a me nā heluna kikoʻī ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka prevalence - ma kahi o 2-5% (,).

He kūlana hoʻomau e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana o nā hua ʻai gluten i nā poʻe maʻalahi. ʻOiai ʻo ka maʻi celiac e pili ana i nā ʻōnaehana he nui i kou kino, manaʻo ʻia ia he maʻi hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ke komo ʻana o kēia mau hua i kēlā me kēia me ka maʻi celiac ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā enterosit, ʻo ia nā hunaola e uhi ana i kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻōpū, malabsorption nutrient, a me nā ʻōuli e like me ka pohō kaumaha a me ka diarrhea ().

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe a hōʻike paha o ka maʻi celiac me ka anemia, osteoporosis, nā maʻi neurological, a me nā maʻi ʻili, e like me dermatitis. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe o nā hōʻailona he nui ka poʻe me ka maʻi celiac (,).

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke ʻano e ka biopsy ʻōpū - i manaʻo ʻia he "standard gula" no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maʻi celiac - a i ʻole ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko no nā genotypes kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​antibodies. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka lāʻau wale nō no ka maʻi ka hōʻalo loa ʻana i ka gluten ().

ʻAhaʻi Wili

ʻOi aku ka maʻi maʻamau o ka palaoa i nā keiki akā hiki ke hoʻopili i nā mākua pū kekahi. ʻO kēlā mau mea āpau i ka palaoa ka pale pale pale ʻole i nā protein ponoʻī i ka hua palaoa a me ka palaoa ().

Hiki ke kau ʻia nā ʻōuli mai ka nausea mālie a i nā anaphylaxis hoʻoweliweli loa - kahi hopena maʻi maʻi e hopena i ka hanu paʻakikī - ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka palaoa a me ka ʻānai ʻana i ka palaoa.

ʻOkoʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai palaoa me ka maʻi celiac, a he hiki ke loaʻa i nā kūlana ʻelua.

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia nā huamoa huapalaoa e nā poʻe alergists e hoʻohana ana i ke koko a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ʻili.

ʻO ka Sensitivity Gluten Non-Celiac

Hōʻike ka lehulehu o ka poʻe i nā ʻōuli ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka gluten, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe o lākou maʻi celiac a i ʻole he allergy i ka palaoa ().

ʻIke ʻia ka non-celiac gluten sensitive (NCGS) ke loaʻa ʻole i kekahi kanaka i kekahi o nā kūlana i luna aʻe akā ʻike mau ʻia nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe - e like me ka ʻeha poʻo, luhi, a me nā ʻeha pū - ke pau lākou i ka gluten ().

Pono e hōʻoki ʻia ka maʻi Celiac a me nā maʻi āpau e ʻike pono ai i ka NCGS ma muli o ke kau ʻana o nā ʻōuli ma kēia mau ʻano āpau.

E like me ka poʻe me ka maʻi celiac a i ʻole he allergy i ka palaoa, hōʻike ka poʻe me ka NCGS i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōuli ke ukali nei i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole.

ʻO ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o Gluten e pili ana i ka maʻi celiac, allergy palaoa, a me NCGS. ʻOiai ua kāwili kekahi mau ʻōuli, loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa i kēia mau ʻano.

Nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe e pono paha mai kahi papa ʻaina Gluten-Free

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā ʻōuli e pili ana i nā kūlana he nui. Ua pili kekahi mau loea iā ia i ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi pū kekahi.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Autoimmune

Nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o ka gluten e hana ai a hōʻino ai paha i nā kūlana autoimmune, e like me ka thyroiditis o Hashimoto, ʻano diabetes 1, maʻi ʻo Grave, a me ka rheumatoid arthritis.

Hōʻike ka noiʻi e kaʻana like nā maʻi autoimmune i nā genes āpau a me nā ala pale pale me ka maʻi celiac.

ʻO ka mimicry Molecular kahi hana i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻomaka ai a hoʻomāhuahua ai paha ka gluten i ka maʻi autoimmune. ʻO kēia ke manawa he antigen haole - kahi mea e hāpai i kahi pane pale - kaʻana like i nā antigens o kou kino ().

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa i kēia mau antigens like ke alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana o nā meaola i hana i nā antigen a me nā aʻa ponoʻī o kou kino.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pili ka maʻi celiac me ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi autoimmune hou aʻe a ʻoi aku ka laha i nā poʻe me nā kūlana autoimmune ʻē aʻe ().

ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka laha o ka maʻi celiac i koho ʻia a hiki i ʻehā mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe i kēlā mau mea me ka thyroiditis o Hashimoto - kahi kūlana thyroid autoimmune - ma mua o ka lehulehu ().

No laila, ʻike nā noiʻi he nui he nui kaʻai gluten-ʻole i nā poʻe he nui me nā maʻi autoimmune ().

Nā Kūlana ʻē aʻe

Hoʻopili pū ʻia ʻo Gluten i nā maʻi ʻōpū, e like me ka maʻi huhū huhū (IBS) a me ka maʻi ʻōpū (IBD), e pili pū ana me ka maʻi o Crohn a me ka ulcerative colitis ().

Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻololi i ka bacteria bacteria a hoʻonui i ka permeability ʻōpū i nā poʻe me IBD a me IBS ().

ʻO ka mea hope loa, hōʻike ka noiʻi e hoʻopōmaikaʻi nā papaʻai manuahi gluten i ka poʻe me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e like me fibromyalgia, endometriosis, a me schizophrenia ().

Hoʻohui ka nui o nā noiʻi i ka gluten i ka hoʻomaka a me ka holomua o nā maʻi autoimmune a hōʻike i ka pale ʻana iā ia e pōmaikaʻi i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e like me IBD a me IBS.

Pono nā kānaka āpau e hōʻalo iā Gluten?

Ua maopopo he nui ka poʻe, e like me ka poʻe me ka maʻi celiac, NCGS, a me nā maʻi autoimmune, ke loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi i ka ukali ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten.

Eia nō naʻe, maopopo ʻole inā ʻo kēlā me kēia - me ka nānā ʻole i ke kūlana olakino - pono e hoʻololi i kā lākou ʻano maʻamau.

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu e hiki ʻole ai i nā kino o ke kanaka ke lawelawe i ka gluten. Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻaʻole i ulu nā ʻōnaehana digestive o ke kanaka e hoʻowali i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka nui o nā protein protein i maʻa mau i nā papaʻai o kēia mau lā.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i kahi kuleana i loko o nā protein protein ʻē aʻe, e like me FODMAPs (ʻano kikoʻī o nā kāpena), nā amylase trypsin mea kāohi, a me nā aglutinins germ germ, i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka NCGS.

Hōʻike kēia i kahi pane olakino paʻakikī i ka palaoa ().

Ua piʻi nui aʻe ka heluna o ka poʻe i hōʻalo i ka gluten. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike US mai ka National Health and Nutr Examination Survey (NHANES) i ka nui o ka hōʻalo ma mua o ʻekolu pākolu mai ka 2009 a ka 2014 ().

I ka poʻe me ka NCGS i hōʻike ʻia i hōʻike i ka hoʻokolohua kaohi ʻia, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka hōʻoia ma kahi o 16-30% (,).

Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā kumu ma hope o nā hōʻailona NCGS a ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokolohua ʻana no NCGS, ʻo ka nui o ka poʻe e pane maikaʻi ʻole i ka gluten e noho ʻike ʻole ʻia ().

ʻOiai he pākēkē maopopo loa i ka honua olakino a olakino hoʻi e hōʻalo ai i ka gluten no ke olakino holoʻokoʻa - kahi e hopena ai i ka kaulana o nā papaʻai gluten-ʻole aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hoʻonui nei i ka piʻi ʻana o ka NCGS.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ke ala wale nō e ʻike ai inā ʻoe e pōmaikaʻi ponoʻī i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka maʻi celiac a me ka allergy palaoa e pale aku i ka gluten a nānā i kāu mau hōʻailona.

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokolohua pono ʻia no NCGS. ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike ai inā ʻoe e pōmaikaʻi i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole e hōʻalo i ka gluten a nānā i kāu mau hōʻailona.

No ke aha e maikaʻi ai ka poʻe he nui

Nui nā kumu no ke aha e manaʻo maikaʻi ai ka hapanui o ka poʻe i ka papaʻai gluten-free.

ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka gluten e pili pinepine ana i ka hōʻoki ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia, no ka mea, loaʻa ia i ka nui o nā meaʻai i hana nui ʻia, e like me ka meaʻai wikiwiki, nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, a me nā sereala kō.

ʻAʻole wale kēia mau meaʻai i ka gluten akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma nā calories, kō, a me nā momona maikaʻi ʻole.

'Manylelo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ua lilo lākou i ka paona, emi ka luhi, a ʻoi iki ka ʻeha o ka ami ma ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole. Maliʻa paha pili kēia mau pōmaikaʻi i ka kāpae ʻia o nā meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā papaʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā carbs a me nā kō i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ke kaupaona ʻana, ka luhi, ka ʻeha pū, ka naʻau maikaʻi ʻole, a me nā pilikia digestive - nā hōʻailona āpau e pili ana iā NCGS (,,,)

ʻO ka mea hou aku, hoʻololi pinepine ka poʻe i nā meaʻai gluten me nā koho olakino, e like me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā momona momona, a me nā protein - i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ke olakino a me ka olakino

Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka digestive ma muli o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui like ʻē aʻe, e like me FODMAPs (carbs i kumu pinepine i nā pilikia digestive e like me ka bloating a me ke kinoea) ().

ʻOiai paha e pili ana nā hōʻailona hoʻomaikaʻi i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole i NCGS, hiki i kēia mau hoʻomaikaʻi ke kumu o nā kumu i helu ʻia ma luna a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻelua.

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i nā meaʻai gluten i loko e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke olakino no nā kumu he nui, pili ʻole kekahi o ia mea i ka gluten.

Palekana anei kēia papaʻai?

ʻOiai he manaʻo nui nā ʻoihana olakino i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, palekana ka hahai ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole ʻoiai no ka poʻe pono ʻole e hana pēlā.

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka palaoa a me nā hua ʻai a gluten a i ʻole nā ​​huahana ʻaʻole e hopena i nā hopena olakino maikaʻi - ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia huahana me nā meaʻai momona.

ʻO nā huaʻai āpau i nā hua ʻai gluten, e like me nā huaʻai B, puluniu, kiniki, hao, a me ka pāhare potassium, hiki ke hoʻololi maʻalahi ʻia e ka hāhai ʻana i ka papaʻai, nā meaʻai āpau e hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā momona momona, a me nā kumuwaiwai protein momona.

ʻOi aku ke olakino o nā huahana Gluten-Free?

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ma muli wale nō o kahi mea gluten-free ʻaʻole ia he ʻano olakino.

Kūʻai ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana i nā kuki ʻole gluten, nā pōpō, a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia me ke olakino ma mua o kā lākou mau papa i loaʻa i ka gluten.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike ʻia hoʻokahi noiʻi ua 65% o ka poʻe ʻAmelika e manaʻoʻiʻo nei he olakino nā meaʻai ʻole gluten, a ua koho ʻo 27% e ʻai iā lākou e hāpai i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaumaha ().

ʻOiai nā huahana gluten-ʻole i hōʻoia ʻia he pono no ka poʻe e pono ai, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻoi aku ke olakino ma mua o nā mea i loaʻa ka gluten.

A ʻoiai e palekana ana ka mālama ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten, e hoʻomanaʻo i kēlā me kēia papaʻai e hilinaʻi nui i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia ʻaʻole paha e hopena i nā pono olakino.

Hoʻohui hou, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia inā hoʻohana i kēia papaʻai i ke olakino o ka poʻe me ka ʻole o ke ahonui.

Ke ulu nei ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia wahi, malia e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka gluten a me ka hopena o ke olakino holoʻokoʻa. A hiki i kēlā manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo inā pono ka hōʻalo ʻana iā ia no kāu pono pilikino.

ʻOiai palekana ka hahai ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole, he mea nui e ʻike i nā huahana gluten-ʻole i hana ʻia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kahi olakino olakino ma mua o nā mea gluten.

Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO ka ukali ʻana i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole ka mea e pono ai no kekahi a me kahi koho no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

He paʻakikī ka pilina ma waena o ka gluten a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa, a ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi.

Ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Gluten i ka autoimmune, digestive, a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe me kēia mau maʻi e pono a pale paha i ka gluten, akā maopopo ʻole inā loaʻa kahi papaʻai gluten-ʻole i ka poʻe me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomanawanui.

ʻOiai i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe hoʻokolohua kūpono no ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā gluten i nā pilikia olakino, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo iā ia e ʻike inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.