He aha nā paʻi honi? ʻO nā mea āpau āu e ʻike ai

Anter

• He aha nā ʻūliki honi?
• Pehea ke ʻano o ka nahu ʻana o ka ʻūlū honi?
• Nā pōpilikia mai ka honi ʻana i nā nahu
• ʻO ka hopena maʻi ʻino
• Maʻi Chagas
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka nahu ʻana i ka ʻūlū
• Ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka
• Pehea e pale ai i ka honi ʻana i nā nahu
• Ke honi ʻana i ka helehelena
• Lawe aku

He aha nā ʻūliki honi?

ʻO ko lākou inoa insect nā triatomines, akā kapa ʻia lākou e nā poʻe "kissing bugs" no kahi kumu ʻoluʻolu ʻole - nahu lākou i ka maka o ka poʻe.

Hāpai nā ʻūlū honi i kahi parasite i kapa ʻia ʻo Trypanosoma cruzi. Hāpai lākou i kēia parasite ma ka hānai ʻana i kahi kanaka maʻi a holoholona paha. Noho ka parasite a laila i loko o nā ʻōpū o ka honi a me nā feces.

Inā komo nā feces i loko o kēia parasite i loko o kou kino, lilo ʻoe i maʻi. Kapa ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Chagas disease.

I ka pō nō honi. ʻO kēia ka mea i puka i ka pō e hānai. ʻO ka maʻamau e hiamoe ana ke kanaka, ʻaʻole ʻeha ka nahu. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i ʻike ua nahu ʻia ʻoe.

ʻAniu ka honi i ka huki ʻana i ka lawai i loaʻa kahi waiwai anesthetic i loko o ka ʻili. Lawe ʻia ia ma waena o 20 a me 30 mau minuke no kahi pāʻina e hānai ai. ʻE nahu paha ka ʻūpā mai nā wahi a 2 a 15 mau manawa. ʻO ka maʻamau, e nahu ka pepeke i kahi kanaka ma ko lākou alo.

Pehea ke ʻano o ka nahu ʻana o ka ʻūlū honi?

ʻAʻohe o ka hapanui o ka poʻe i ka hopena o ka ʻili i ka nahu ʻana iā lākou. ʻO ka nahu e like me nā nahu ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe koe ka maʻa mau o kahi ʻāpana o nā nahu pū i kahi hoʻokahi.

ʻO ka poʻe i maʻalahi i ka lawaiʻa o ka bug, ʻike paha i kahi hopena i ka nahu. Mālama wale ʻia kēia, ʻulaʻula, a pehu, akā i kekahi manawa, ʻo ka nahu ʻana o ka ʻūlū honi ke kumu o ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi.

Inā ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi palau me ka trypanosoma cruzi parasite, kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka pehu ʻana e manaʻo paʻakikī, i kapa ʻia he chagoma, e hana paha ma ka pūnaewele nahu i hoʻokahi pule a ʻelua paha ma hope o ka nahu ʻia ʻana. Inā ʻānai wale ʻia nā feces o ka pepelu i ka maka a i ʻole kokoke ka nahu i hoʻokahi, hiki i kahi ʻōhū kūʻokoʻa e pili ana i kēlā maka, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka inoa ʻo Romaña.

Nā pōpilikia mai ka honi ʻana i nā nahu

ʻO ka hopena maʻi ʻino

ʻIke kekahi poʻe i ka anaphylaxis ma hope o ka nahu ʻia ʻana. He hopena maʻi ʻaʻa weliweli kēia e hiki koke mai ana. Hiki iā ia ke paʻakikī e hanu a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kahe o ke koko i nā pae weliweli. Koi ʻia ka lapaʻau koke.

Maʻi Chagas

Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi Chagas i Mexico, Central America, a me ʻAmelika Hema. Wahi a nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a hiki i ka poʻe i kēia mau wahi ka maʻi.

Ua kuhi ka CDC ma luna o ka poʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i loaʻa ka parasite. Aia nā honi ma nā mokuʻāina hema akā kākaʻikahi wale nō ka lawehala ʻana o kēia mau ʻōpala i ka parasite. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā poʻe me ka maʻi Chagas i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i maʻi i nā wahi endemik.

ʻO ka maʻi Chagas kahi pilikia nui o ka nahu ʻana o ka ʻūlū honi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka maʻi me kahi parasite i kapa ʻia ʻo Trypanosoma cruzi e ola nei i loko o kahi ʻōpū honi a me nā feces. ʻAʻole nā ​​kānaka āpau i honi ʻia i nā ʻūpī e loaʻa i ka maʻi Chagas. ʻO kēia no ka mea loaʻa wale ʻoe i ka maʻi inā loaʻa nā feces mai nā parasite i kou kino.

Ma hope o ka nahu ʻana o nā ʻūlū honi a ʻai i ke koko o ke kanaka, defecate ka honi ʻana. Hiki i kahi maʻi ke komo i loko o ke kino ma o ka ihu waha a i ʻole nā ​​maka a i ʻole nā ​​wehe i ka ʻili. Hiki i kēia ke hana inā ʻalohi a hoʻopā paha ʻoe i ka nahu a hoʻohuli hoʻohoka ʻino ʻole i nā feces. Hiki i nā feces ke komo i loko o ka nahu. ʻO ka ʻānai ʻana a ʻānai ʻana paha i ka nahu e hoʻonui ai i ka manawa o kēia hana.

ʻO nā pule mua o ka maʻi ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona flu-like mehana loa. Hiki i kēia ke komo i ke kuni, ka ʻeha o ke kino, ka hū, a me nā ʻōpū pehu. ʻO nā ʻōuli kahi hopena i ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā parasites e kahe ana i ke koko.

Hoʻonui ka hōʻailona me ka ʻole o ka lapaʻau ʻana e like me ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā parasites i ke kahe o ke koko. ʻO kēia ka pae mau. Aia nō ka parasite i loko o ke kino, akā ʻaʻohe o nā ʻōuli he nui i ka poʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka, koho ʻia he 20 a 30 pākēneka o ka poʻe me ka maʻi Chagas e ʻike i nā ʻōuli 10 a 25 mau makahiki ma hope. He koʻikoʻi nā hōʻailona a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili:

• nā lei puʻuwai kūpono ʻole e hiki ai i ka make koke
• cardiomyopathy a i ʻole he puʻuwai hoʻonui
• ka dilation o ka esophagus (megaesophagus) a me ke kolona (megacolon).

Inā mālama mua ʻia, hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia ka pae mau. He mea nui e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kakahiaka inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ua nahu ʻia ʻoe e kahi ʻūlū honi no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea ola no ka maʻi Chagas ke lilo ia i maʻi mau.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka nahu ʻana i ka ʻūlū

Inā hōʻoia kāu kauka iā ʻoe me ka maʻi Chagas, hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau antiparasitic e like me benznidazole a me nifurtimox. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa.

• Benznidazole. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e FDA no nā keiki 2 a 12. ʻAʻole loaʻa ia i loko o nā hale kūʻai ʻo U.S., akā hiki ke kiʻi ʻia e nā kauka mai ka pūnaewele o ka mea hana.
• ʻO Nifurtimox. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia kēia ʻo FDA. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia mai ka CDC ma ke ʻano he lāʻau noiʻi.

Pono e mālama wawe i ka maʻi Chagas. Ke hōʻea ka maʻi i ka wā mau, ʻaʻole e hoʻōla nā lāʻau.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau Antiparasitic i kekahi i ka pae huikau e pepehi i nā parasites a hoʻōki i ka maʻi mai ka lilo ʻana i mea mau. Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi i kekahi manawa i ka poʻe i ka wā mau.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā lāʻau ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi ma hope o ka lilo ʻana i mea mau, akā e hoʻolohi paha ia i ka holomua o ka maʻi a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia hoʻoweliweli ola. ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi mau e pono e mālama ʻia:

• kekahi ma lalo o 18
• kekahi ma lalo o 50 i ʻaʻohe ona cardiomyopathy holomua

Ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka

E ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka inā ʻoe:

• noho i ka hapa hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Mekiko, a me ʻAmelika Hema a ua nahu ʻia nā nahu insect i kou kino, keu hoʻi i kou alo.
• ua ʻike wau i nā honi ʻana i kou home (ʻike i nā kiʻi ma lalo)
• ke ʻike nei i nā ʻōuli i hiki i ka maʻi Chagas

Pehea e pale ai i ka honi ʻana i nā nahu

I ke ao, e noho maʻamau ka honi ʻana i nā ʻūlū i ka lepo, ka mauʻu, a me ka adobe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea no ke kūkulu hale ʻana i nā wahi endemik o Mekiko, ʻAmelika Hema, a me ʻAmelika Latina. Inā kipa ʻoe i kēia mau wahi, hoʻāʻo e pale i ka hiamoe ʻana i nā hanana i hana ʻia i kēia mau mea. Inā ʻoe e hiamoe i loko o ia mau mea, e mālama i kēia mau ʻano aʻe:

• e hoʻopuni i kou wahi moe me ka upena i uhi ʻia i ka insecticide
• ʻehu insecticides e pepehi i nā mākia ma ia wahi
• hoʻopili pinepine i ka ʻehu bug

Inā ʻoe e noho i ka Hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ʻike i nā honi ʻana:

• sila i nā māwae a me nā māwae i loko o kou hale me ka silikla-ma muli caulk
• hoʻoponopono i nā lua a i ʻole nā ​​pohō i nā pale o ka puka aniani
• hemo i nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​lau i loko o 20 kapuaʻi o ka home
• hiamoe nā holoholona hānai i loko o ka hale e mālama i nā ʻūpā mai ka nahu ʻana iā lākou i ka pō a me ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi i nā poʻe
• hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻāpana āpau me kahi pā pono a me ka solution insecticidal

Hiki i kahi exterminator ʻoihana ke pepehi i nā ʻūlū honi inā ʻoe i ʻike iā lākou i kou home. Inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻike ʻoe i kahi ʻūlū honi, hoʻāʻo e hopu iā ia ʻoiai e komo ana i nā mikina lima a i ʻole kahi ipu. Mai hoʻopā pololei i ka ʻūpā a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻāpana āpau me kahi hopena hoʻōloi inā ʻoe i ʻike i ka honi ʻana i nā pale i kou home.

Ke honi ʻana i ka helehelena

Hiki i nā ʻūlū honi ke hoʻohālikelike me nā maka ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe i kū ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e like me ka corsair komohana, nā wāwae wāwae, a me nā ʻāpana huila. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka honi hipa i loaʻa:

• poʻo poʻo kone
• ke kino lōʻihi, oval me ka antennae
• ma kahi o 0.5 a 1 ʻīniha ka lōʻihi
• ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ke kino ʻeleʻele (kekahi melemele i melemele, ʻulaʻula, a me nā kaha tan i ko lākou mau kino)
• ʻeono mau wāwae

Lawe aku

ʻAʻole hiki i nā honi ke kumu i ka maʻi Chagas, akā inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ua nahu ʻia ʻoe, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka. He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama mua ʻana i mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi Chagas mai ka pae ʻana i ka wā hoʻomau.

Ke mālama nei i kou home ʻole manuahi a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāu kauka inā loaʻa ʻoe i nā nahu a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka maʻi Chagas ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho i ke olakino hiki.