Ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi hakuʻala

Anter

• He aha ia mea he transplant kidney?
• ʻO wai paha ka mea e pono ai ke kuʻi ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
• ʻO wai ka mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa?
• ʻO nā mea hāʻawi ola
• Mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa i make
• Ke kaʻina hana like
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi transplan kidney?
• Mālama hope
• He aha nā makaʻi o kahi transplan kidney?
• Nā pilikia kūpono

He aha ia mea he transplant kidney?

ʻO kahi transplant kidney kahi hana ʻokiʻoki i hana ʻia e mālama pono ʻole ai i ka hakuʻala. Kānana nā puʻupaʻa i ka ʻōpala mai ke koko a lawe aku iā ia mai ke kino ma o kou mimi. Kōkua pū lākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a me ke kaulike electrolyte o kou kino. Inā haʻalele kou mau puʻupaʻa i ka hana, kūkulu ʻia ka ʻōpala i kou kino a hiki ke hōʻeha loa iā ʻoe.

ʻO ka poʻe i holo pono ʻole nā ​​puʻuwai e hana maʻamau i kapa ʻia he dialysis. Kuhi kēia mīkini me ka mīkini i nā ʻōpala i kūkulu ʻia i ke kahe o ke koko ke pau nā hana a nā puʻupaʻa.

Kekahi poʻe nona nā puʻuwai i holo pono ʻole e kūpono i kahi transplant kidney. I kēia kaʻina hana, ua hoʻololi ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha nā puʻupaʻa me nā puʻuwai donor mai kahi mea ola a mea make paha.

Aia nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hōʻino hoʻi i nā dialysis a me nā transplants kidney.

Hana i ka dialysis i ka manawa a he hana nui. Pono pinepine ka Dialysis i ka huakaʻi pinepine ʻana i kahi kikowaena dialysis e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau. Ma ke kikowaena dialysis, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia kou koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini dialysis.

Inā ʻoe he moho e loaʻa i ka dialysis i kou home, pono ʻoe e kūʻai i nā lako dialysis a aʻo pehea e hoʻohana ai.

Hiki i kahi transplant kidney ke hoʻokuʻu iā ʻoe mai ka hilinaʻi wā lōʻihi ma ka mīkini dialysis a me ke kaʻina koʻikoʻi e hele pū me ia. Hiki i kēia ke ʻae iā ʻoe e ola i kahi ola hou aku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono nā transplants kidney i nā mea āpau. Hoʻopili kēia i nā poʻe me nā maʻi ʻeleu a me nā mea kaumaha nui.

I ka wā o kahi transplan kidney, e lawe kāu kauka lāʻau i kahi puʻuwai i hāʻawi ʻia a waiho i loko o kou kino. ʻOiai hānau ʻia ʻoe me nā puʻupaʻa ʻelua, hiki iā ʻoe ke alakaʻi i kahi ola olakino me hoʻokahi puʻupaʻa e holo nei. Ma hope o ke transplant, pono ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau hoʻomalu pale pale i mea e pale ai i kou pale pale mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka meaola hou.

ʻO wai paha ka mea e pono ai ke kuʻi ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?

Hiki i kahi transplan kidney ke koho inā kū ʻole kou mau puʻupaʻa i ka hana holoʻokoʻa. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano he maʻi hōʻeha hope loa (ESRD) a i ʻole hopena maʻi ʻōiwi hopena (ESKD). Inā hiki ʻoe i kēia kiko, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i ka dialysis.

Ma waho o ka hoʻokau ʻana iā ʻoe ma ka dialysis, e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe inā manaʻo lākou he moho maikaʻi ʻoe no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kīʻaha.

Pono ʻoe i ke olakino kūpono e hana i kahi ʻoki nui a hoʻomanawanui i kahi regimen lāʻau ola, ma hope o ke kīpē e lilo i moho maikaʻi no kahi transplant. Pono ʻoe e mākaukau a hiki i ka hahai ʻana i nā kuhikuhi āpau mai kāu kauka a lawe pinepine i kāu mau lāʻau.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kūlana olakino koʻikoʻi, weliweli paha kahi transplan kidney a ʻaʻole paha e kūleʻa. Aia kēia mau kūlana koʻikoʻi i:

• maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole ka moʻolelo o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• maʻi nui, e like me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, nā maʻi o ka iwi, a me ka hepatitis
• maʻi maʻi maʻi
• maʻi maʻi ate

E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka ʻaʻohe ou transplant inā ʻoe:

• uahi
• inu rama i loko o keu
• hoʻohana i nā lāʻau i pāpā ʻole ʻia

Inā manaʻo kāu kauka he moho maikaʻi ʻoe no kahi transplant a hoihoi ʻoe i ke kaʻina hana, pono ʻoe e loiloi i kahi kikowaena transplant.

Pili kēia loiloi i kekahi mau kipa e nānā i kou kino, psychological, a me kou ʻano ʻohana. E holo nā kauka o ke kikowaena i nā hoʻokolohua ma kou koko a me ka mimi. Hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i kahi hoʻokolohua kino piha e hōʻoia i kou olakino kūpono no ke ʻoki.

E hui pū me ʻoe kahi psychologist a me kahi limahana kaiaulu e ʻike pono hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo a hāhai i kahi regimen lapaʻau paʻakikī. E hōʻoia ka mea hana kaiaulu hiki iā ʻoe ke uku i ke kaʻina hana a loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kākoʻo kūpono ma hope o kou hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana mai ka haukapila.

Inā ʻae ʻia ʻoe no kahi transplant, hiki i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana ke hāʻawi manawaleʻa a i ʻole hoʻonoho ʻia ʻoe ma kahi papa inoa kali me ka Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN). ʻO ke kali maʻamau no kahi mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa make ma luna o ʻelima mau makahiki.

ʻO wai ka mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa?

E ola ana paha ua mea make paha nā mea hāʻawi kīwī.

ʻO nā mea hāʻawi ola

Ma muli o ke kino e holo pono me kahi kīʻaha maikaʻi wale nō, hiki i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana me nā puʻupaʻa olakino ʻelua ke koho e hāʻawi i kekahi o lākou iā ʻoe.

Inā kūlike ke koko a me nā lālā o kou ʻohana i kou koko a me nā ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawaleʻa i hoʻolālā ʻia.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi puʻupaʻa mai kahi lālā o ka ʻohana kahi koho maikaʻi. Hoʻoemi ia i ka makaʻu e hōʻole ai kou kino i ka puʻupaʻa, a hāʻawi iā ia iā ʻoe e kāpae i ka papa inoa kali lehulehu no kahi mea hāʻawi i make.

Mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa i make

Kāhea ʻia nā mea kōkua make i kapa ʻia he poʻe hāʻawi cadaver. ʻO kēia ka poʻe i make, ma ke ʻano he hopena ma kahi o kahi ulia ma mua o kahi maʻi. ʻO ka mea hāʻawi a i ʻole ko lākou ʻohana i koho e hāʻawi i kā lākou meaola a me nā mākele.

E hōʻole paha kou kino i ke kolaʻopa mai kahi mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, he koho ʻokoʻa ke kino cadaver inā ʻaʻohe ou lālā ʻohana a hoa aloha paha e makemake a hiki paha e hāʻawi i kahi puʻupaʻa.

Ke kaʻina hana like

I loko o kāu loiloi no kahi transplant, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hoʻokolohua koko e hoʻoholo ai i kāu ʻano koko (A, B, AB, a i ʻole O) a me kāu antigen leukocyte kanaka (HLA). ʻO HLA kahi hui o nā antigens ma ka ʻili o kou mau keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo. ʻO Antigens ke kuleana o ka pale pale o kou kino.

Inā kūlike kāu ʻano HLA i ka HLA o ka mea hāʻawi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻole ʻole o kou kino i ka hakuʻala. ʻEono mau antigens o kēlā me kēia kanaka, ʻekolu mai kēlā me kēia makua olaola. ʻO ka nui o nā antigens āu e kūlike me kēlā o ka mea hāʻawi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka transplant kūleʻa.

I ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai kahi mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa, pono ʻoe i kahi hoʻokolohua hou e hōʻoia i ka hōʻeha ʻole ʻana o kāu mau lāʻau ʻino i nā lālā o ka mea hāʻawi. Hana ʻia kēia i ka hoʻohuihui ʻana i kahi nui o kou koko me ke koko o ka mea hāʻawi.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hana i ke transplant inā hana kou koko i nā antibodies i ka pane ʻana i ke koko o ka mea hāʻawi.

Inā hōʻike ʻole kou koko i ka hopena antibody, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "crossmatch maikaʻi ʻole." ʻO kēia ke hiki i ka transplant ke hoʻomaka.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi transplan kidney?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻonohonoho i ka transplant i mua inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi puʻupaʻa mai kahi mea hāʻawi ola.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e kali nei i kahi mea hāʻawi make i kūlike i kahi ʻano pili no kāu ʻano kiko, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i ka wikiwiki i ka haukapila i kahi manawa e ʻike ʻia ai kahi mea hāʻawi. Hāʻawi ka nui o nā haukapila transplant i kā lākou poʻe i nā pagers a i ʻole nā ​​kelepona paʻalima i hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi koke.

Ke hōʻea ʻoe i ke kikowaena transplant, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi laʻana o kou koko no ka hoʻāʻo antibody. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoe iā ʻoe no ke ʻoki inā hopena ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole.

Hana ʻia kahi transplant kidney ma lalo o ka anesthesia ākea. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau e hiamoe ai i ka wā o ke ʻoki. E hoʻokomo ʻia ka anesthetic i loko o kou kino ma o kahi laina intravenous (IV) i kou lima a lima paha.

Ke hiamoe ʻoe, hana kahi kauka i kahi ʻoki o kou ʻōpū a hoʻonoho i ka puʻuwai donor i loko. Hoʻohui lākou i nā aʻa a me nā veins mai ka puʻupaʻa i kāu mau aʻa a me nā uaua. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hoʻomaka ai ke kahe ʻana i ke kahe ma loko o ka puʻupaʻa hou.

E hoʻopili pū kāu kauka i ka ureter o ka puʻupaʻa hou i kāu ʻōpū i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke miʻima maʻamau. ʻO ka ureter ka paipu e hoʻopili i kou puʻupaʻa i kāu ʻōpū.

E haʻalele kāu kauka i kou mau puʻupaʻa kumu i kou kino ke ʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia, e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka maʻi.

Mālama hope

E ala ʻoe i loko o kahi lumi hoʻōla. E nānā nā limahana o ka haukapila i kāu mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi a hiki i ka wā e maopopo ai ke ala a kūpaʻa nei ʻoe. A laila, e hoʻoili lākou iā ʻoe i kahi lumi o ka haukapila.

ʻOiai inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nui ma hope o kāu transplant (he nui ka poʻe e hana nei), pono paha ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila a hala i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana.

E hoʻomaka paha kāu kīʻaha hou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpala mai ke kino koke, a i ʻole he mau pule paha ka hala ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e holo. Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o nā hakuʻala e nā lālā o ka ʻohana i ka hana ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka poʻe mai nā mea hāʻawi pili ʻole a i make paha.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha maikaʻi a me ke ʻeha ma kahi kokoke i ka pūnaewele incision ʻoiai ʻoe e hoʻōla mua nei. ʻOiai ʻoe i ka haukapila, e nānā kāu mau kauka iā ʻoe no nā pilikia. E hoʻokau pū lākou iā ʻoe i ka papa kuhikuhi ikaika o nā lāʻau pale pale e hōʻoki ai i kou kino mai ka hōʻole ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa hou. Pono ʻoe e lawe i kēia mau lāʻau i kēlā me kēia lā e pale i kou kino mai ka hōʻole ʻana i ka puʻuwai donor.

Ma mua o kou haʻalele ʻana i ka haukapila, e hāʻawi aku kāu hui transplant iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī i ka pehea a i ka manawa hea e lawe ai i kāu mau lāʻau. E ʻike pono i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻo, a nīnau i nā nīnau he nui e pono ai. E hana pū kāu kauka i kahi papa manawa e nānā ai ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana.

Ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻoe, pono ʻoe e mālama i nā manawa hoʻopaʻa me kāu hui transplant i hiki iā lākou ke loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka hana o kāu puʻupaʻa hou.

Pono ʻoe e lawe i kāu lāʻau hoʻomalu immunosuppressant e like me ke kuhikuhi. Kau kauka hoʻi i kau kauka e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi. ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono ʻoe e nānā iā ʻoe iho no nā hōʻailona hōʻailona ua hōʻole kou kino i ka puʻupaʻa. Hoʻopili kēia i ka ʻeha, ka pehu ʻana, a me nā hōʻailona like flu.

Pono ʻoe e ukali mau me kāu kauka no ka mea mua i ʻelua mau mahina ma hope o ke kaha ʻana. Eono paha mahina o kou ola ʻana.

He aha nā makaʻi o kahi transplan kidney?

ʻO kahi transplant kidney kahi hana nui. No laila, halihali ia i ka makaʻu o:

• kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻano i ka anesthesia ākea
• kahe ana ke koko
• huʻi koko
• kahi kulu mai ka ureter
• kahi paʻa o ka ureter
• he maʻi maʻi
• ka hōʻole ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia
• holo pono ʻole o ka hakuʻala
• he puʻuwai puʻuwai
• he hahau

Nā pilikia kūpono

ʻO ka makaʻu ʻoi loa o kahi transplant ʻo ia ka hōʻole ʻana o kou kino i ka puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi ka hōʻole ʻana o kou kino i kou puʻuwai donor.

Kuhi ka Mayo Clinic i ka 90 pākēneka o nā mea lawe transplant i loaʻa i ko lākou puʻuwai mai kahi mea hāʻawi ola e noho ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ke kaha ʻana. Ma kahi o 82 pākēneka o ka poʻe i loaʻa ka puʻuwai mai kahi mea hāʻawi i make e ola no ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope.

Inā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha ʻeha ma ka pūnaewele incision a i ʻole kahi loli o ka nui o kāu mimi, e hoʻomaopopo koke i kāu hui transplant. Inā hōʻole kou kino i ka puʻupaʻa hou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka dialysis a hoʻi i ka papa inoa kali no kekahi hakuʻala ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka loiloi hou ʻia.

ʻO nā lāʻau āpau e pono ai ʻoe e lawe ma hope o ke kaha ʻana hiki ke alakaʻi i kekahi nā hopena ʻaoʻao maikaʻi ʻole pū kekahi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• loaʻa kaupaona
• lahilahi iwi
• mahuahua ka ulu ana o ka lauoho
• huehue
• kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi maʻi ʻili a me ka lymphoma non-Hodgkin

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mau pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao.