Nā maʻi i ka hāpai ʻana: Hepatitis A.

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena o ka maʻi hepatitis A?
• ʻO wai ka pilikia?
• He aha ke kumu hepatitis A?
• Hepatitis A a hāpai
• Kāohi
• Outlook

He aha ka hepatitis A?

ʻO ka Hepatitis A kahi maʻi maʻi lele loa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi hepatitis A (HAV). Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka maʻi hepatitis B a me C, ʻaʻole ia e kumu i nā maʻi maʻi akepau a ʻaʻole make.

Hepatitis A maʻiʻaʻai ia l randoml i loko o ka hanana pōʻaiapuni. Eia naʻe, ke emi nei i ka United States i nā makahiki he 40 i hala. Wahi a ka, pili hapa kēia ma muli o ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau hepatitis A i ka makahiki 1995.

I ka makahiki 2013, ua kuhi ʻia he 3,473 mau hihia o ka maʻi hepatita nui i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hōʻike nā maʻi hepitis A he nui i nā ʻōuli, no laila ke kuhi ʻia nei ka helu maoli o nā maʻi i kēia ʻāina.

Hoʻonui ākea ka HAV i nā wahi i noho ʻia me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻole. Eia kekahi, loaʻa ka maʻi hepatitis A me ke alapine like i nā wahine hāpai e like me ka heluna lehulehu.

He aha nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena o ka maʻi hepatitis A?

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi hepitis A ākea a ākea mai kekahi a i ʻole koʻikoʻi. Wahi a ka, ka hapanui o nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki me ka maʻi hepitis A ʻaʻohe o lākou mau ʻōuli. Eia nō naʻe, makemake nā mākua e hōʻike i nā ʻōuli. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma kahi o 70 pākēneka o nā mākua me ka maʻi hepitis A e hoʻomōhala i ka jaundice.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hapanui o nā maʻi hepatitis A he hoʻokahi a ʻehā mau pule ka lōʻihi, mau paha kekahi mau hihia no kekahi mau mahina. He maʻi lele kekahi kanaka maʻi ma mua pono o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōuli a hope hoʻi no ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka maʻi hepatitis A me:

• luhi
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• ʻeha a puni ka capsule e puni ana i ke ake.
• hoʻololi i ke kala o ka ʻōpū
• nalo ʻai ʻole
• wela wela
• mimi ʻeleʻele
• ʻeha pū
• jaundice a melemele paha o ka ʻili a me nā maka

I ka hapanui o nā maʻi, ʻaʻohe hopena hopena lōʻihi o ka maʻi. Ma hope o ke ola ʻana o kekahi kanaka he antibodies lākou i ka hepatitis A i hāʻawi i ke ola mau loa i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, he mau hanana kakaikahi o ka hoʻi hou ʻana i ka maʻi hepa i loko o nā mahina o ka maʻi mua. Ma kahi o 80 mau kānaka i ka makahiki e make ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa mai nā maʻi hepitis A.

ʻO wai ka pilikia?

ʻO ka poʻe me ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe loa no ka maʻi hepatitis A ʻo ia ka poʻe e hoʻopili pilikino me kahi mea maʻi. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• hele i nā ʻāina me nā helu kiʻekiʻe a waena paha o ka hepatitis A, keu hoʻi ʻo ʻApelika, ʻAsia (koe ʻo Iapana), ʻEulopa Hikina, ka Hikina Waena, ʻAmelika Hema a me Central America, Mekiko, a me Greenland.
• ka launa ʻana me ka waha waha me kahi kanaka maʻi
• me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau kū ʻole
• Loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi ake
• ke hana nei me ka hepatitis A i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua
• loaʻa i kahi maʻi maʻi kōkuʻu a i ʻole ke loaʻa ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili i nā mea ʻōpala
• e noho nei i nā kaiāulu me ka nui o ka maʻi hepitis A - pili kēia i nā keiki i nā keʻena mālama lā
• lawelawe ʻana i ka meaʻai
• ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe maʻi kīnā ʻole a kīnā ʻole paha
• ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana nāwaliwali ma muli o ke kanesa, HIV, nā lāʻau lapaʻau steroid mau, a i ʻole ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā ʻōpala

He aha ke kumu hepatitis A?

Hoʻokahe ʻia ka HAV ma o nā feces o nā poʻe maʻi. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ia ma o ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana a kekahi me kekahi a me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka wai haumia a me nā lako meaʻai. Hoʻouna pū ʻia ʻo Hepatitis A ma o ka hoʻohaumia koko maoli, e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi nila me kahi kanaka maʻi.

I ka hapanui o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe he hepatitis viral e hāpai a lawe kekahi i ka maʻi me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻōuli. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pololei kēia no ka maʻi hepa A.

ʻAʻole hiki i ka Hepatitis A ke kū i kahi pilikia kūikawā i ka wahine hāpai a i kāna pēpē paha. ʻAʻole hopena ka maʻi makuahine i nā kīnā hānau, a ʻaʻole hoʻouna ka makuahine i ka maʻi i kāna pēpē.

Hepatitis A a hāpai

I ka wā o ka hāpai hāpai ʻana he hepatitis A hiki ke pili me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka makaʻu o ka preterm hana, keu hoʻi inā loaʻa i ka maʻi i ka lua a i ke kolu o ka trimester. ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i hoʻonui ʻia e pili pū ana me ka maʻi hepatitis A e komo pū paha me:

• hoʻohaʻahaʻa uterine premature
• abruption placental
• haki mua o nā membrane

Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi hepatitis A i ka wā hāpai. ʻOiai ka nui o ka pilikia no nā pilikia, ʻaʻole maʻamau lākou koʻikoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi hepatitis A i mea e make ai i ka makuahine a i ʻole keiki paha, a ʻo nā pēpē i hānau ʻia e nā makuahine me ka maʻi hepitis A ʻaʻohe ia e ʻaelike.

Kāohi

ʻAʻole hoola ʻo Hepatitis A. I mea e pale aku ai i ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi hepitis A, e hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i nā hana hoʻoweliweli kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, e holoi i kou mau lima ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā meaʻai maka a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua.

Loaʻa kahi lāʻau āpau maʻamau no ka HAV, a maʻalahi e kiʻi. Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ʻelua injection. Hāʻawi ʻia ka lua o ke kī 6 a 12 mau mahina ma hope o ka mua.

Outlook

Hiki i ka Hepatitis A ke paʻakikī ke ʻike aku no ka mea ʻaʻohe paha ʻōuli. E hōʻoia e hoʻāʻo ke ʻike ʻoe ua hāpai ʻoe no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke makaʻala i nā pilikia i kāu hāpai ʻana.

ʻAʻole hele iki ka hele ʻana i ka maʻi hepatitis A i kāu pēpē, akā hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi hepatita A, koi ʻia kāu kauka e ke kānāwai e hoʻomaopopo i ka luna olakino kūloko kūloko. Kōkua kēia i ʻike i ke kumu o ka maʻi a pale aku i nā maʻi hou aʻe o ka maʻi.

Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale a pale aku paha i ka maʻi hepatitis A. Hōʻalo i nā hana kūpilikiʻi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi, a e ʻike pono e kamaʻilio me ke kauka ʻana me kāu kauka.