Nā Hōʻailona 10 a me nā ʻōuli o ka Hypothyroidism

Anter

• He aha ka hypothyroidism?
• 1. Luhi Luhi
• 2. Loaʻa ke kaupaona
• 3. Anuanu
• 4. Nāwaliwali a me nā ʻeha i nā mākala a me nā hui
• 5. Lulu lauoho
• 6. Ka ʻili ʻili a maloo
• 7. Kaumaha a kaumaha paha
• 8. Hoʻopilikia i ka noʻonoʻo a hoʻomanaʻo paha
• 9. Konipōpō
• 10. Nā wā kaumaha a kū ʻole paha
• Ka Laina Lalo

Kūleʻa nā maʻi thyroid. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 12% o ka poʻe e ʻike i ka hana thyroid abnormal i kekahi manawa i ko lākou ola.

ʻEwalu manawa kūpono ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā wahine i kahi maʻi thyroid ma mua o nā kāne. Eia kekahi, hoʻonui nā pilikia thyroid me ka makahiki a hiki ke hoʻololi i nā mākua ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā keiki.

I ka pae kumu nui loa, he kuleana ko ka hormone thyroid i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ikehu, ka ulu ʻana a me ka metabolism i kou kino.

Hiki i nā pilikia ke hana ke kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha nā pae o kēia hormone.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism, a i ʻole nā ​​pae haʻahaʻa o ka thyroid hormone, e hoʻolohi i kāu metabolism a hoʻemi i ka ulu a hoʻoponopono ʻana paha o nā ʻāpana o ke kino.

He aha ka hypothyroidism?

ʻO ka thyroid kahi gland butterfly-shaped e kolo ai i mua o kāu puka makani.

Inā kau ʻoe i kou mau manamana lima ma nā ʻaoʻao o kāu ʻāpala a Adamu a ale iā ʻoe, ʻike ʻoe i ka heʻe ʻana o ka gland thyroid ma lalo o kou mau manamana lima.

Hoʻokuʻu ia i ka hormone thyroid, ka mea e kaohi i ka ulu a me ka metabolism o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o kou kino.

ʻO ka pituitary, kahi gland liʻiliʻi i waenakonu o kou poʻo, e nānā i kāu physiology a hoʻokuʻu i ka homone stimulate stimone (TSH). ʻO TSH ka hōʻailona i ka pona thyroid e hoʻokuʻu i ka hōmona thyroid ().

I kekahi manawa hoʻonui ka pae TSH, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka glando thyroid ke hoʻokuʻu i ka nui o ka hormone thyroid i ka pane. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo hypothyroidism mua, ʻoiai hoʻomaka ka pilikia ma ka pae o ka pona thyroid.

ʻO nā manawa ʻē aʻe, hoʻēmi nā pae TSH, a ʻaʻole loaʻa i ka thyroid i ka hōʻailona e hoʻonui i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone thyroid. Kapa ʻia kēia hypothyroidism lua.

Hiki i ka Hypothyroidism, a i ʻole "thyroid haʻahaʻa," ke hana i nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli like ʻole. E kōkua kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau hopena.

Eia nā hōʻailona maʻamau he 10 a me nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism.

1. Luhi Luhi

ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka hypothyroidism ke manaʻo nei ua luhi. Mālama ka hormone thyroid i ke kaulike o ka ikehu a hiki ke hoʻohuli i kou mākaukau e hele a mākaukau paha e hiamoe.

Ma ke ʻano he laʻana nui loa, ʻike nā holoholona i hibernate i nā pae thyroid haʻahaʻa e alakaʻi nei i ko lākou hiamoe lōʻihi ().

Loaʻa i nā thyroid hormone nā hōʻailona mai ka lolo a hoʻonohonoho i nā pūnaewele e hoʻololi i kā lākou hana, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mea ʻē aʻe e hana nei i kou kino.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka thyroid hormone manaʻo hopohopo a me ka jittery. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻike ka poʻe me ka thyroid haʻahaʻa i ka luhi a lohi.

I hoʻokahi noi, 138 mau mākua me hypothyroidism i ʻike i ka luhi o ke kino a hoʻemi i ka hana. Ua hōʻike pū lākou i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka luhi o ka noʻonoʻo (, 4).

Manaʻo nā poʻe haʻahaʻa-thyroid i ka hoʻouka ʻole ʻia, ʻoiai lākou e hiamoe nui nei.

Ma kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe, 50% o ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism ka luhi mau, ʻoiai ʻo 42% o ka poʻe me ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa i ʻōlelo ua hiamoe lākou ma mua o ka wā ma mua (5,).

ʻO ka hiamoe ma mua o ka maʻamau me ka ʻole o kahi wehewehe maikaʻi hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o hypothyroidism.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: ʻO ka hormone thyroid e like me ka hehi uila no ka ikehu a me ka metabolism. Haʻalele nā ​​pae hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa iā ʻoe me ka ninini.

2. Loaʻa ke kaupaona

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona i manaʻo ʻole ʻia he hōʻailona like ia o hypothyroidism ().

ʻAʻole wale ka neʻe iki o kahi poʻe haʻahaʻa-thyroid - ke hōʻailona pū nei nō hoʻi lākou i ko lākou ʻāʻī, nā mākala a me nā mea momona e paʻa ai nā calorie.

Ke haʻahaʻa nā pae thyroid, hoʻololi ka metabolism i nā ʻano. Ma kahi o ka puhi ʻana i nā calories no ka ulu a me ka hana, hoʻemi ka nui o ka ikehu āu e hoʻohana ai i ka hoʻomaha, a i ʻole kāu helu metabolic basal. ʻO ka hopena, mālama kou kino i ka mālama ʻana i nā calorie hou aʻe mai ka papaʻai e like me ka momona.

Ma muli o kēia, hiki i nā pae hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa ke kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka paona, ʻoiai inā mau ka helu o nā calorie i ʻai ʻia.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i loko o hoʻokahi noiʻi, ua loaʻa ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism hou i loaʻa he awelika o 15-30 paona (7-14 kg) i ka makahiki mai ko lākou diagnoses (, 9).

Inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona, e noʻonoʻo mua inā e wehewehe paha nā loli ʻē aʻe i kou nohona.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻonui nei i ke kaumaha ʻoiai ka papaʻai maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolālā hoʻoikaika kino, e lawe aʻe me kāu kauka. He hōʻailona paha ia e holo nei kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hōʻailona ka hypothyroidism i ke kino e ʻai hou, mālama i nā calorie a puhi i nā mea liʻiliʻi he nui. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia hui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha.

3. Anuanu

ʻO ka wela kahi huahana o nā calorie e ʻā ana.

ʻO kahi laʻana, e noʻonoʻo pehea kou wela i kou wā hoʻoikaika. ʻO kēia no ka mea ke puhi nei ʻoe i nā calories.

ʻOiai ʻoe e noho ana, ke puhi nei ʻoe i kahi nui o nā calorie. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hihia o ka hypothyroidism, hoʻemi ka helu metabolic basal, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka wela āu e hana ai.

Hoʻohui ʻia, huli ka hormone thyroid i ka therstatat ma ka momona momona, kahi ʻano momona o ka momona e hoʻoulu ai i ka wela. He mea nui ka momona momona i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela o ke kino i nā anuanu anuanu, akā pale ka hypothyroidism iā ia mai ka hana ʻana i kāna hana (9).

ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai nā pae haʻahaʻa o kou thyroid i ke anuanu ma mua o nā poʻe a puni ʻoe. Ma kahi o 40% o ka poʻe haʻahaʻa-thyroid e ʻike i ke anuanu ma mua o ka maʻamau ().

Inā ʻoe i makemake mau i ka lumi mehana ma mua o ka poʻe āu e noho a hana pū ai, ʻo kēia wale nō ke ala āu e kūkulu ai.

Akā inā ua ʻike ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i ke anuanu ma mua o kēia mau lā, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hoʻoiho ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa i ka hana wela maʻamau o kou kino, waiho ʻoe i ke anuanu.

4. Nāwaliwali a me nā ʻeha i nā mākala a me nā hui

Hoʻohuli ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻololi metabolic i catabolism, ʻo ia ka wā e haki ai ke kino i nā kino o ke kino e like me ka mākala no ka ikehu ().

I ka manawa o ka catabolism, hoʻemi ka ikaika o ka mākala, hiki i ke ʻano o ka nāwaliwali. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka haki ʻana i nāʻiʻo o ke kino hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ʻeha ().

Manaʻo nā kānaka āpau i ka nāwaliwali i kekahi manawa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism ka mea i ʻoi aku ka palu o ka nāwaliwali ma mua o ka maʻamau, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka poʻe olakino ().

Hoʻohui ʻia, 34% o nā poʻe haʻahaʻa-thyroid e loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu i ka ʻole o kahi hana hou ().

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi i loko o 35 mau kānaka me ka hypothyroidism e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka hormone thyroid me kahi hormone thyroid synthetic i kapa ʻia ʻo levothyroxine hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika o nā mākala a hoʻēmi i nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi lāʻau ʻole.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe i kahi hoʻomaikaʻi 25% i ke ʻano o ke olakino olakino ma waena o nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i kāu thyroid ().

ʻO ka nāwaliwali a me nā ʻeha ka mea maʻamau ma hope o ka hana ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, he hou, a hoʻonui loa hoʻi, nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha he kumu maikaʻi e hoʻopaʻa manawa ai me kāu kauka.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: ʻO nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka hormone thyroid e hoʻolohi i kāu metabolism a hiki ke hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha ʻana o nā mākala.

5. Lulu lauoho

E like me ka nui o nā hunaola, hoʻoponopono ʻia nā follicle o ka lauoho e ka thyroid hormone.

Ma muli o nā follicle o ka lauoho i loaʻa nā hunaola i loaʻa i kahi ola pōkole a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o lākou i nā pae thyroid haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa ke hoʻōki i ka hana hou ʻana o ka lauoho, a laila e lilo ka lauoho. E hoʻomaikaʻi maʻamau kēia ke mālama ʻia ka pilikia thyroid.

I hoʻokahi noi, ma kahi o 25-30% o nā mea maʻi e ʻike nei i kahi loea no ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho i loaʻa i ka liʻiliʻi o ka hormone thyroid. Ua hoʻonui kēia i 40% i kēlā me kēia kanaka ma mua o 40 ().

Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou aʻe hiki i ka hypothyroidism ke kumu i ka coarsening o ka lauoho a i ka 10% o nā kānaka me ka haʻahaʻa thyroid hormone ().

E noʻonoʻo i ka hypothyroidism inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka helu a me ke ʻano o kou nalo ʻana o ka lauoho, keu hoʻi inā ua hele a palapū a lauoho paha kou lauoho.

Hiki i nā pilikia o ka hormonone ke kumu i ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale inā he mea e hopohopo ai kou nalo ʻana o ka lauoho.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hoʻopili ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa i nā pūnaewele ulu wikiwiki e like me nā follicle o ka lauoho. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka lilo o ka lauoho a me ka coarsening o ka lauoho.

6. Ka ʻili ʻili a maloo

E like me nā follicle o ka lauoho, ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻili e ka huli wikiwiki. No laila, makaʻala nō hoʻi lākou i ka nalo ʻana i nā hōʻailona ulu mai ka thyroid hormone.

Ke haki ka pōʻaiapuni maʻamau o ka hoʻohou ʻana o ka ʻili, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili ʻana o ka ʻili.

ʻO kēia ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili o waho o ka ʻili, e hōʻiliʻili nei i nā pohō. ʻO ia hoʻi ka lōʻihi o ka waiho ʻana o ka ʻili make e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻili flaky a maloʻo.

Ua hōʻike ʻia hoʻokahi noiʻi ʻana he 74% o nā kānaka haʻahaʻa-thyroid i hōʻike i ka ʻili maloʻo. Eia nō naʻe, 50% o nā mea maʻi me nā pae thyroid maʻamau i hōʻike pū i ka ʻili maloʻo mai nā kumu ʻē aʻe, e paʻakikī e ʻike inā ʻo nā pilikia thyroid ke kumu (,).

Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana he 50% o ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism i hōʻike ua maikaʻi ka ʻino o ko lākou ʻili i ka makahiki i hala.

ʻO nā loli i ka ʻili i hiki ʻole ke hōʻino ʻia i nā maʻi āpau e like me ka huh fever a i ʻole nā ​​huahana hou hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona ʻoi aku o nā pilikia thyroid.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo hypothyroidism kekahi manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi autoimmune. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻololi i ka ʻili, e hoʻoulu ai i ka pehu a me ka ʻulaʻula i ʻike ʻia ʻo myxedema. ʻOi aku ka kikoʻī o ka myxedema i nā pilikia thyroid ma mua o nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻili maloʻo ().

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hoʻokumu pinepine ka Hypothyroidism i ka ʻili maloʻo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe hypothyroidism ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ka ʻili maloʻo. ʻO Myxedema kahi ʻulaʻula, ʻōhū pehu kahi ʻano o nā pilikia thyroid.

7. Kaumaha a kaumaha paha

Pili ʻo Hypothyroidism i ke kaumaha. ʻAʻole maopopo nā kumu o kēia, akā he hōʻailona noʻonoʻo paha ia o ka hōʻemi holoʻokoʻa o ka ikehu a me ke olakino ().

64% o nā wahine a me 57% o nā kāne me ka hypothyroidism e hōʻike i ka manaʻo kaumaha. Ma kahi o ka pākēneka like o nā kāne a me nā wahine ʻike pū i ka hopohopo (18).

I hoʻokahi o nā noi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaikaʻi o ka hōmona thyroid i hoʻonui i ke kaumaha i nā mea maʻi me ka hypothyroidism akahai, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi placebo (19).

ʻO kahi haʻawina ʻē aʻe o nā wahine ʻōpio me ka hypothyroidism akahai i hōʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka manaʻo kaumaha, a ua pili pū ʻia me ka hōʻemi hōʻoluʻolu me kā lākou moekolohe wahine (18).

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā fluctuations o ka hormone postpartum kahi kumu maʻamau o ka hypothyroidism, e hāʻawi paha i ka kaumaha postpartum (,,).

ʻO ke kaumaha loa ke kumu kūpono e kamaʻilio ai me ke kauka a i ʻole therapist. Hiki paha iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e kūpale, me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ke kaumaha ma muli o nā pilikia thyroid a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hiki i ka Hypothyroidism ke hoʻonāukiuki i ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau kūlana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana me ka hormonone thyroid pani.

8. Hoʻopilikia i ka noʻonoʻo a hoʻomanaʻo paha

Hoʻopiʻi nā mea maʻi he nui me ka hypothyroidism no ka "fogginess" a me ka pilikia e noʻonoʻo. Ke ala a kēia fogginess noʻonoʻo e hōʻike ai iā ia iho he ʻokoʻa e ke kanaka.

I hoʻokahi noi, 22% o nā poʻe haʻahaʻa-thyroid i wehewehe i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakikī i ka hana ʻana i ka makemakika o kēlā me kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻo 36% i ka noʻonoʻo lohi ma mua o ka maʻamau a 39% i hōʻike ʻia me kahi hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ʻole ().

I kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe o 14 mau kāne a me nā wahine me ka hypothyroidism i hana ʻole ʻia, hōʻike ka poʻe komo i ka paʻakikī e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻōuli waha (4).

ʻAʻole i maopopo piha nā kumu o kēia, akā hoʻomaikaʻi ka paʻakikī i ka hoʻomanaʻo me ka mālama ʻana i ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa (,).

Hiki i nā mea paʻakikī ke hoʻomanaʻo a i ʻole ka noʻonoʻo ke hoʻokō i nā mea āpau, akā inā kūleʻa a ʻino paha lākou, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o hypothyroidism.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Hiki i ka Hypothyroidism ke kumu i ka fogginess a me ka paʻakikī e noʻonoʻo. Hoʻopilikia paha ia i kekahi ʻano hoʻomanaʻo.

9. Konipōpō

Kau nā pae thyroid haʻahaʻa i nā paleki ma kāu kolona.

Wahi a kekahi noiʻi, hoʻopilikia ka paʻa paʻa ʻana iā 17% o ka poʻe me ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 10% o ka poʻe me nā pae thyroid maʻamau ().

I kēia noi ʻana, 20% o ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism i ʻōlelo ua hele a maikaʻi ʻole ko lākou kōmi, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 6% wale nō o nā kānaka thyroid maʻamau ().

ʻOiai ʻo ka constipation kahi hoʻopiʻi maʻamau i nā mea maʻi me ka hypothyroidism, he mea maʻamau ʻole no ka paʻa paʻa ʻana ka hōʻailona hoʻokahi a ʻoi loa paha ().

Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka constipation akā maikaʻi ʻoe, e hoʻāʻo i kēia mau laxatives kūlohelohe ma mua o ka hopohopo e pili ana i kāu thyroid.

Inā ʻaʻole lākou e hana, e mānoanoa kou paʻa ʻana, hele ʻoe i kekahi mau lā me ka hala ʻole ʻana o kahi noho a hoʻomaka paha ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka luaʻi, e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo kino.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka paʻa paʻa ʻaʻohe hypothyroidism. Eia nō naʻe, inā hele pū ka constipation me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o hypothyroidism, ʻo kou thyroid paha ke kumu.

10. Nā wā kaumaha a kū ʻole paha

Pili nā kūlike ʻole a kaumaha hoʻi o ka menstrual i ke hypothyroidism.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi e pili ana i 40% o nā wahine me ka hormone thyroid haʻahaʻa i ʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o ka menstrual a i ʻole ke kahe nui ʻana o ke kahe i ka makahiki i hala, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 26% o nā wahine me nā pae thyroid maʻamau ().

Ma kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe, 30% o nā wahine me ka hypothyroidism i loaʻa nā wā kūlike ʻole a kaumaha hoʻi. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau wahine me ka hypothyroidism ma hope o nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i hoʻonāukiuki iā lākou ().

Hoʻopili pū ka hormone thyroid me nā hormoni ʻē aʻe e kaohi i ka pōʻai menstrual, a hiki i nā pae maʻamau o ia mea ke hoʻopilikia i kā lākou hōʻailona. Eia kekahi, pili pono ka hormonone thyroid i nā ovaries a me ka uterus.

Nui a hewahewa nā pilikia ma waho o ka hypothyroidism i hiki ke hana i nā wā kaumaha a i ʻole kūleʻa. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi wā kūpono ʻole a kaumaha paha e hoʻohaunaele i kou nohona, e noʻonoʻo e kamaʻilio me ke kauka wahine ma mua o ka hopohopo e pili ana i kāu kaoneuro.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: ʻO nā wā kaumaha a i ʻole nā ​​wā kaulike ʻole i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka maʻamau hiki ke kumu ʻia e kahi ʻano olakino, me hypothyroidism. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kamaʻilio me ke kauka wahine e pili ana iā lākou.

Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO ka hypothyroidism, a i ʻole ka thyroid haʻahaʻa, kahi maʻi maʻamau.

Hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā ʻōuli like ʻole, e like me ka luhi, loaʻa ke kaumaha a me ke anuanu. Hiki iā ia ke hopena i nā pilikia me kou lauoho, ʻili, nāʻiʻo, hoʻomanaʻo a i ʻole ʻano.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻohe o kēia mau pilikia i kū hoʻokahi i ka hypothyroidism.

Eia nō naʻe inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli a he hou paha lākou, ʻino a ʻeha paha, e ʻike i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka hypothyroidism.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka hypothyroidism me nā lāʻau i makepono ʻole.

Inā haʻahaʻa kāu pae thyroid, hiki i kahi lapaʻau maʻalahi ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i kou maikaʻi o ke ola.

E heluhelu i kēia ʻatikala ma ka Paniolo.