Mōʻaukala o ka hahau

Anter

• Ka wehewehe mua o ka hahau
• Hahau i kēia lā
• Mōʻaukala o ka hoʻoponopono hahau ʻana
• ʻO ka holomua i ka mālama ʻana i ka hahau
• Nā hahau Ischemic
• Nā hahau hemorrhagic
• Nā holomua i ka pale ʻana i ka hahau
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

He aha ka hahau?

Hiki ke hōʻeha i kahi hanana olakino weliweli. Hana ʻia ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i kahi ʻāpana i hōʻino ʻole ʻia kou lolo ma muli o ke kōkō ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ke kīʻaha koko haki. E like me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka nele o ke koko momona o ka oxygen i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make ʻana i nā kiko.

Ke hoʻomaka ka make ʻana o nā hunaola lolo ma ke ʻano he hopena o ke kahe o ke kahe o ke kahe, loaʻa nā ʻōuli i nā ʻāpana o ke kino e kaohi ai kēlā mau ʻili lolo. Hiki i kēia mau ʻōuli ke komo pū me ka nāwaliwali koke, ka maʻi lōlō, a me ka helu ʻana o kou alo a me nā lālā. A ʻo kahi hopena, he paʻakikī paha ka poʻe ʻike i ka maʻi hahau i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ka neʻe ʻana, a me ka hanu ʻana.

Ka wehewehe mua o ka hahau

ʻOiai ʻike nā kauka i kēia manawa i nā kumu a me nā hopena o ka hahau ʻana, ʻaʻole i maopopo mau ke ʻano. ʻO Hippocrates, ka "makuakāne o ka lāʻau," i ʻike mua i ka hahau ma mua o 2,400 mau makahiki i hala. Ua kapa ʻo ia i ke ʻano apoplexy, ʻo ia kahi huaʻōlelo Helene e kū nei no ka "luku ʻia e ka ʻino." ʻOiai ua wehewehe ka inoa i nā loli hiki ke hiki ke loaʻa me ka hahau ʻana, ʻaʻole ia i hōʻike i ka mea e hana maoli nei i kou lolo.

Kenekulia ma hope i ka makahiki 1600, ua ʻike ke kauka ʻo Jacob Wepfer ka mea i hoʻopōpilikia i ka lako o ke koko i ka lolo o ka poʻe i make i ka apoplexy. I kekahi o kēia mau hihia, ua kahe nui ke kahe i ka lolo. I nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ua ālai ʻia nā aʻa.

I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, hoʻomau ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻepekema olakino e pili ana i nā kumu, nā ʻōuli, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka apoplexy. ʻO kahi hopena o kēia mau holomua ʻo ka mahele o ka apoplexy i nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ke kumu o ke ʻano. Ma hope o kēia, ua ʻike ʻia ka apoplexy e nā huaʻōlelo e like me ka hahau ʻana a me ka ulia cerebralvascular (CVA).

Hahau i kēia lā

I kēia lā, ʻike nā kauka he ʻelua mau ʻano o ka hahau ʻana: ischemic a me hemorrhagic. Loaʻa kahi maʻi ischemic, kahi mea maʻamau, ke waiho ʻia kahi ʻūlū koko i ka lolo. Paʻa kēia i ke kahe o ke koko i nā wahi like ʻole o ka lolo. ʻO ka hahau hemorrhagic, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ke wehe ʻia kahi kīʻaha koko i kou lolo e hāmama. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hōʻiliʻili ai ke koko. Pili pinepine ka paʻakikī o ka hahau ʻana i ka wahi i ka lolo a me ka helu o nā lolo lolo e pili ana.

Wahi a ka National Stroke Association, ʻo ka hahau ka lima o nā kumu o ka make ma United States. Eia nō naʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia he 7 miliona mau kānaka ma ʻAmelika i pakele i ka maʻi ahulau. Mahalo i ka holomua i nā ʻano hana lapaʻau, miliona o ka poʻe i ʻike i ka maʻi hahau hiki ke noho i kēia manawa me nā pilikia liʻiliʻi.

Mōʻaukala o ka hoʻoponopono hahau ʻana

ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua loa i ʻike ʻia i kū i nā makahiki 1800, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai nā kaukipō e hana i ke ʻoki ma nā aʻa carotid. ʻO kēia nā aʻa e hāʻawi i ka nui o ke kahe o ke koko i ka lolo. ʻO nā Clots e hoʻomohala i nā aʻa carotid ke kuleana pinepine no ka hōʻeha ʻana. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe kauka lapaʻau e hana ma nā aʻa carotid e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ke kōkō a hemo i nā ālai i hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi hahau. ʻO ke kahakaha ʻāpana carotid artery mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma United States i ka makahiki 1807. Ua hana ʻo Kauka Amos Twitchell i kēia ʻoki ma New Hampshire. I kēia lā, ʻike ʻia ke kaʻina hana ma ke ʻano he endotectomy carotid.

ʻOiai ʻo ke kāpili ʻana o ke aʻa carotid i kōkua pono ai e pale i ka hahau ʻana, aia kekahi mau hanana i loaʻa e mālama maoli i ka maʻi hahau a hoʻēmi i nā hopena. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mālama ʻana i kau nui ʻia i ke kōkua ʻana i ka poʻe e hoʻokele i nā pilikia ma hope o ka hahau ʻana, e like me nā hōʻino ʻōlelo, nā pilikia ʻai, a nāwaliwali mau paha ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino. ʻAʻole ia a hiki i ka 1996 kahi manawa i hoʻokō ʻia ai kahi lapaʻau kūpono. I loko o kēlā makahiki, ua ʻae ʻo ka U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hoʻoulu kino (TPA), kahi lāʻau e wāwahi i nā kahe o ke koko i kumu i nā hahau ischemic.

ʻOiai hiki ke maikaʻi ka TPA i ka mālama ʻana i nā hahau ischemic, pono e lawelawe ʻia ma waena o nā hola 4.5 ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli. A ʻo kahi hopena, loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki no ka hahau ʻana he mea nui ia e hōʻemi a hoʻohuli i kāna mau ʻōuli. Inā loaʻa kahi mea āu e ʻike nei i nā ʻōuli o ka hahau ʻana, e like me ka huikau koke a me ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka helu ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino, e lawe iā lākou i ka haukapila a kāhea koke iā 911.

ʻO ka holomua i ka mālama ʻana i ka hahau

Nā hahau Ischemic

ʻO TPA ke ʻano lapaʻau i makemake ʻia no nā hahau ischemic. Eia nō naʻe, kahi holomua hou i ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano o nā hahau he thrombectomy mīkini. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ke wehe kino i ke koko i loko o kekahi e loaʻa i ka maʻi ischemic. Mai kona hoʻouka ʻana i 2004, ua mālama ʻia kēia ʻano ma kahi o 10,000 mau kānaka.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka drawback ka nui o nā kaukini e pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka thrombectomy mechanical a pono i nā haukapila e kūʻai i nā pono e pono ai, a he kumu kūʻai nui loa ia. ʻOiai ʻo TPA ka lapaʻau maʻamau e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā hahau ischemic, hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka thrombectomy mechanical i ka kaulana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā kauka he nui i kāna hoʻohana.

Nā hahau hemorrhagic

Ua hele lōʻihi loa kahi maʻi hemorrhagic stroke. Inā pili ka hopena o ka maʻi hemorrhagic i kahi ʻāpana nui o ka lolo, hiki i nā kauka ke koi aku i ke ʻoki ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻēmi i ka pōʻino wā lōʻihi a hoʻomaha i ke kaomi ma ka lolo. ʻO nā hana ʻoki lāʻau no ka hahau hemorrhagic me:

• ʻOki ʻoki ʻana. Pili kēia hana i ke kau ʻana i kahi kīʻaha i ke kumu o ka wahi e hoʻoulu ana i ke kahe ʻana. Kū ka pāʻina i ke kahe o ke koko a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka wahi mai ke kahe hou.
• ʻŌwili hao. Pili kēia hana i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka uea ma loko o ke aʻa a hiki i ka lolo ke hoʻokomo nei i nā wili liʻiliʻi e hoʻopiha i nā wahi o ka nāwaliwali a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe. Hiki i kēia ke ho'ōki i kekahi kahe.
• Wehe ʻoki. Inā hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono i kahi o ke kahe ʻana ma o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, hoʻoneʻe paha kahi mea lapaʻau i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, he hopena hope loa kēia ʻoki no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia he kiʻekiʻe loa ia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ma nā wahi he nui o ka lolo.

Koi ʻia paha nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wahi a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kahe ʻana.

Nā holomua i ka pale ʻana i ka hahau

ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka hahau i kumu nui o ke kīnā, ma kahi o 80 pākēneka o nā hahau hiki ke pale ʻia. Mahalo i nā noiʻi hou a me nā holomua o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i nā kauka ke koi i kēia manawa no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ahulau. ʻO nā mea i ʻike ʻia no ka hahau ʻana me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka makahiki 75 a me ka loaʻa ʻana:

• fibrillation atrial
• puʻuwai puʻuwai kongestive
• diabetes
• kahe koko kiʻekiʻe
• kahi moʻolelo o ka hahau a i ʻole ka hoʻouka ischemic kuikawa

ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia mau pilikia pilikia e kamaʻilio me kā lākou kauka e pili ana pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ko lākou pilikia. Paipai pinepine nā kauka i kēia mau hana pale aʻe:

• hoʻopau i ka puhipaka
• nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticoagulant e pale aku i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko
• nā lāʻau e kaohi ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko a me ka maʻi kō
• kahi papaʻai olakino haʻahaʻa i ka sodium a waiwai i nā hua a me nā lau
• ʻekolu i ʻehā mau lā i ka pule hoʻoikaika kino no 40 mau minuke i ka lā

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia i ka hahau ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa, hiki i ka lawe ʻana i kēia mau ʻanuʻu ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou makaʻi i ka hiki.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

ʻO ka hahau kahi hanana olakino hoʻoweliweli e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i ka lolo a me nā kīnā lōʻihi.Ke ʻimi koke nei i ka lāʻau e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka likelike i loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kahi mea aloha i kekahi o nā hana hou i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi hahau a hoʻemi i nā pilikia.