He aha ka hypokalemia, nā ʻōuli, nā kumu a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā ʻōuli o hypokalemia
• Nā kumu nui
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ka hypokalaemia, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo hypokalemia, kahi hanana i loaʻa i ka nui o ka potassium i loko o ke koko, i hiki ai ke hoʻonāwaliwali i nā mākala, nā cramp a me nā loli i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, no ka laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka laxatives, ka luaʻi pinepine a i ʻole e like me ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi lāʻau.

ʻO ka potassium kahi electrolyte i hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi i nā meaʻai like ʻole, e like me ka maiʻa, nā hua ʻumeke, wai ʻalani a me nā kāloti, no ka laʻana, a he mea nui ia no ka hana pono ʻana o nā mākala a me ka lawe ʻana o nā neʻe aʻa. ʻO nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o kēia electrolyte i ke koko hiki ke hana i kekahi mau hōʻailona a alakaʻi i nā hopena lōʻihi, no laila he mea nui e ʻike ʻia a mālama pono ʻia ka hypokalemia e like me ke alakaʻi a ke kauka. E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka potassium.

Nā ʻōuli o hypokalemia

Hiki i ka hoʻemi i ka nui o ka potassium i ke koko ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano o kekahi o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai he mea nui kēia electrolyte no nā hana he nui i ke kino. Hiki ke loli nā ʻōuli mai kēlā me kēia kanaka a e like hoʻi me ka nui o ka hypokalemia, eia nō naʻe, ma ka laulā, ʻo nā hōʻailona nui:

• Pākuʻi;
• Hōʻemi puʻupuʻu komo kino ʻole;
• Nāwaliwali mau;
• Hanu paʻakikī;
• Hoʻololi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai;
• Paralysis, i nā hihia ʻoi loa.

ʻO ka nui o ka pāhare potassium ma waena o 3.5 mEq / L a me 5.5 mEq / L, a ʻokoʻa paha ma waena o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 3.5 mEq / L ʻano hypokalemia.

Nā kumu nui

ʻO nā kumu nui ke alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ka potassium i ke koko.

• ʻO ka luaʻi a me ka diarrhea, ʻo ia nā kumu maʻamau o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi potassium i ke koko ma muli o ka nalo ma o ka gastrointestinal tract;
• Hoʻohana o kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me ka insulin, salbutamol a me theophylline, no ka laʻana, ke hoʻolaha nei lākou i ke komo ʻana o ka potassium i loko o nā hunaola, me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka nui o ke koko.
• Hyperthyroidism, i loko o laila kahi hoʻoneʻe ʻia o ka potassium i loko o nā hunaola;
• Hoʻololi i nā ʻōpū adrenal, e hopena ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hana aldosterone, ʻo ia ka hōmona e hoʻoponopono i ke kaulike ma waena o ka sodium a me ka potassium a ke kiʻekiʻe ʻia e makemake i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka potassium i ka mimi, a ʻo ka hopena i hypokalemia;
• Hoʻohana o nā laxatives i kahi manawa maʻamau, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka nalo o nā electrolytes a hiki, i ka holo lōʻihi, ke kumu o nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai a me ka puʻuwai;
• ʻO Cushing's syndrome, ʻo ia kahi maʻi i loaʻa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka paʻa o ka cortisol i ke koko a, ma muli o ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka potassium i loko o ka mimi, a ma muli o ka hypokalemia.

ʻAʻole pili iki ka hemahema o ka potassium i ke koko, no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai i hoʻopau ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā he lawa kūpono ka potassium. ʻIke i nā meaʻai momona potassium.

Hana ʻia ke kuhi o ka hypokalemia mai ke ana ʻana o ka potassium i loko o ke koko a me ka mimi, me ka electrocardiogram, no ka mea aia paha nā loli i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. He mea nui ia e ʻike pono ʻia a mālama ʻia ʻo hypokalemia, no ka mea, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka potassium i loko o ke koko e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi maʻi a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka puʻuwai, no ka laʻana, a koʻikoʻi loa kēia kūlana no ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā pilikia puʻuwai.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka potassium haʻahaʻa i loko o ke koko e hana ʻia e like me ke kumu o ka hypokalemia, hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli e ke kanaka a me ka potassium i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, paipai ka mea hana maʻamau i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi pāʻina potassium waha, kahi pono e hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaha liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka pāʻina e pale i ka huhū o ka ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal.

I nā hihia ʻoi loa, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi potassium e like a i ʻole ma lalo o 2.0 mEq / L, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e lawelawe pololei i ka potassium i loko o ke aa no laila e hoʻoponopono wikiwiki ʻia nā pae o kēia electrolyte. Hōʻike pololei ʻia ka potassium i ka aa inā nui nā loli i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hoʻopuka waha, hoʻomau ka hāʻule o ka pae o ka potassium.