Hepatosplenomegaly: He aha kāu e ʻike ai

Anter

• Nā kuleana o ke akepaʻa a me ka pelupelu
• Nā ʻōuli
• Nā kumu a me nā kumu pilikia
• Nā maʻi ʻino
• Nā maʻi Hematological
• Nā maʻi Metabolic
• Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe
• I nā keiki
• Kānāwai
• Nā pilikia
• Lapaʻau
• Outlook
• Kāohi

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO Hepatosplenomegaly (HPM) kahi maʻi kahi e pehu ai ke ake a me ka iwi āpau ma mua o kā lākou nui maʻamau, ma muli o kekahi o nā kumu.

ʻO ka inoa o kēia ʻano - hepatosplenomegaly - hele mai nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua e pili ana iā ia:

• hepatomegaly: pehu a hoʻonui ʻana paha o ke ake
• splenomegaly: pehu a hoʻonui ʻana paha o ka palapū

ʻAʻole paʻakikī nā hihia āpau o HPM. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha kekahi i kahi mea liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka HPM ke hōʻike i kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi, e like me ka maʻi mālama lysosomal a i ʻole ke kanesa.

Nā kuleana o ke akepaʻa a me ka pelupelu

Loaʻa i ke akepaʻa nā ʻano hana like ʻole me ke detoxifying i kou koko, synthesizing nā polokina, a me nā hakakā maʻiʻaʻai. He hapa nui kāna i ka hana ʻana i nā amino acid a me nā paʻakai bile.

Pono kou kino i ka hao e hana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, a me nā hana o kou ake a mālama i kēlā mea hao. Malia paha ʻo ka mea kaulana loa o nā hana o kou ake ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻōpala o kou kino, a laila hiki ke excreted.

ʻO ka spleen kekahi o nā lālā o kou kino, ma ka nui, ʻaʻole maopopo iki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. He kī nui ko ka palolo i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. Kōkua ia iā ia e ʻike i nā pathogens, ʻo ia nā bacteria, nā mea hoʻomaʻi, a me nā microorganism hiki ke hana i nā maʻi. Hoʻokumu ia i nā mea pale e kaua iā lākou.

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻi kou kuʻi i ke koko a hana ʻia i ka pulp ʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo e pono ai e hana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā huna koko. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka spleen.

Nā ʻōuli

Hiki i nā poʻe me ka hepatosplenomegaly ke hōʻike aku i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau hōʻailona aʻe:

• luhi
• ʻeha

Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku paha ke koʻikoʻi, e hoʻopili pū me:

• ʻeha o ka ʻōpū ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau luna
• palupalu ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻōpū
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• pehu o ka ʻōpū
• fiva
• ʻumeʻume mau
• jaundice, hōʻike ʻia e nā maka melemele a me ka ʻili
• mimi ʻeleʻele
• pahu noho pālolo

Nā kumu a me nā kumu pilikia

Hepatomegaly kumumea kumumea nā:

• momona
• ʻalo lama
• maʻi ʻaʻai ate
• maʻi hepa
• diabetes
• kolesterol kiʻekiʻe

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Splenomegaly e ka hepatomegaly ma kahi o 30 pākēneka o ka manawa. Nui a hewahewa nā kumu kūpono o ka maʻi akepaʻa:

Nā maʻi ʻino

• hepatitis viral huʻi
• infectious mononucleosis, i ʻike ʻia he glandular fever a i ʻole ka "maʻi honi" a hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi Epstein-Barr
• cytomegalovirus, kahi ʻano ma ka ʻohana herpes virus
• brucellosis, he mea hoʻomaʻi i hoʻoili ʻia ma o ka meaʻai haumia a i ʻole ke launa ʻana me kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi
• malaria, he maʻi maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka makika hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola
• leishmaniasis, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasite Leishmania a hohola ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi lele one
• schistosomiasis, i kumu ʻia e kahi worm parasite e hoʻopili ana i ka mimi urinary a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpū
• maʻi ahulau septicemic, i kumu ʻia e a ʻO Yersinia pestis maʻi a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola

Nā maʻi Hematological

• nā maʻi myeloproliferative, kahi e hana ai ka iwi iwi i nā pūnaewele he nui loa
• leukemia, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka iwi iwi
• lymphoma, a i ʻole ke kele o ke koko e pili ana i nā hunaola lymphatic
• ʻo ka maʻi anemia ʻona maʻi, kahi maʻi koko hoʻoilina i loaʻa i nā keiki kahi hiki ʻole i nā huna hemoglobin ke hoʻololi i ka oxygen
• thalassemia, kahi maʻi koko hoʻoilina i hana ʻia ai ka hemoglobin me ka ʻole
• myelofibrosis, kahi maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi o ka iwi iwi

Nā maʻi Metabolic

• ʻO ka maʻi Niemann-pick, kahi maʻi maʻi metabolic koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka hōʻiliʻili momona i nā pūnaewele
• ʻO ka maʻi o Gaucher, kahi ʻano genetical e hoʻouluulu ai i ka momona i nā mea like ʻole a me nā hunaola
• ʻO Hurler Syndrome, kahi maʻi kūlohelohe me ka nui o ka make o ka make ma o ka hōʻino ʻana o nā meaola

Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe

• maʻi ʻo ke akepaʻa, me ka hepatitis hana mau
• amyloidosis, kahi laha ʻole, hōʻuluʻulu kūpono ʻole o nā protein i pelu ʻia
• systemic lupus erythematosus, ke ʻano maʻamau o ka lupus maʻi autoimmune
• sarcoidosis, kahi ʻano i ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻino i nā mea ʻokoʻa
• trypanosomiasis, kahi maʻi parasite i lawe ʻia ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi lele lele
• hemahema sulfatase he nui, kahi hemahema enzyme laha ʻole
• osteopetrosis, kahi maʻi kūlohelohe i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka iwi i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ka maʻamau

I nā keiki

Hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā kumu maʻamau o ka hepatosplenomegaly i nā keiki penei:

• nā keiki hānau: nā maʻi mālama a me ka thalassemia
• nā pēpē: ʻaʻole hiki i ke akepaʻa ke hana i ka glucocerebroside, i hiki ai ke hōʻeha nui i ka ʻōnaehana ʻōiwi waena
• nā keiki nui: malaria, kala azar, fever fever, a me sepsis

Kānāwai

He helu kēia o nā hoʻokolohua a kāu kauka i kauoha ai e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka maʻi hepatosplenomegaly. Eia nā:

• kahi ultrasound, ka mea i ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi nui o ka ʻōpū i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua kino
• kahi CT scan, hiki ke hōʻike i kahi ake ākea a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpala a me nā meaola e pili ana
• nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko, me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hana ate a me ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ke koko
• kahi scan MRI e hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo kino

Nā pilikia

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau o ka hepatosplenomegaly ʻo:

• kahe ana ke koko
• koko i ka noho
• koko i ka luaʻi
• hoka ʻole o ke ake
• encephalopathy

Lapaʻau

Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā mālama ʻana no ka hepatosplenomegaly mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka e like me ke kumu o ke ʻano.

A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻo ka papa hana maikaʻi loa nāu e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu ʻike a me kāu ʻōlelo aʻo o ka lāʻau.

Kuhi paha lākou:

• Ke hoʻololi nei i ka nohona i ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kāu kauka. Pono kāu pahuhopu nui e hōʻoki i ka inu ʻana a i ʻole, e hoʻēmi i kāu inu ʻana i ka waiʻona e like me ka hiki; hoʻoikaika kino e like me ka hiki iā ʻoe; a ʻoluʻolu i ka papaʻai olakino. Eia kekahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka pili ʻana me ka papaʻai olakino.
• Hoʻomaha, hydration, a me nā lāʻau. Hiki ke mālama maʻalahi ʻia kekahi mau maʻi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi e alakaʻi i ka hepatosplenomegaly me nā lāʻau kūpono a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana ʻoiai e hōʻoia ana ʻaʻole ʻoe e maloʻo. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi lele, ʻelua pālua kāu mālama ʻana: ka lāʻau e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoneʻe i ka microorganism infectious.
• Nā mālama maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke loaʻa ka maʻi kumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, pono ʻoe i nā lapaʻau kūpono e komo pū ana me ka chemotherapy, radiotherapy, a me ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo.
• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate. Inā koʻikoʻi kou hihia, e like me ka hopena o ka cirrhosis, koi paha ʻoe i kahi neʻe ʻana o ke ake. E aʻo i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ke ake.

Outlook

Ma muli o nā kumu he nui, ʻaʻohe hopena hopena o ka hepatosplenomegaly. Pili kāu kūlana i nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ke kumu, ke koʻikoʻi, a me ka mālama ʻana i loaʻa iā ʻoe.

Hoʻomaopopo a mālama ʻia ka HPM ma mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. E ʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻōuli maʻamau a kuhi paha ua hewa kekahi.

Kāohi

Ma muli o ka like ʻole o nā kumu o ka hepatosplenomegaly, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia i nā manawa a pau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kahi nohona olakino ke kōkua wale. Hōʻalo i ka wai ʻona, loaʻa ka hoʻoikaika kino nui, a ʻai i ka papaʻai olakino e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā kumu pilikia maʻamau.